BIRDS & OTHER WILDLIFE 
during Focus On Nature Tours
in northern Costa Rica 

1991 thru 2010

List compiled by Armas Hill


UPPER RIGHT PHOTO: a SPECTACLED OWL

681 species of birds have cumulatively been found 
during 29 FONT birding & nature tours in Costa Rica.
Included in those 681 species, are 605 that have been
found during FONT Northern Costa Rica Tours, 
and they are listed below.  

The number, to the right of the English bird name, indicates the number of FONT tours 
during which the bird has been found (out of 27). 
Not all tours have been to the same areas, so individual tour-lists have varied.

In the following list, the latest taxonomy is incorporated noting subspecies in Costa Rica. 

Codes:

(t): a globally threatened or rare species, designated by Birdlife International
 (t1): critical
 (t2): endangered
 (t3): vulnerable
(nt): a near-threatened species globally

(i): introduced species

(CRe): endemic in Costa Rica
(CRr): rare in Costa Rica 


Links:

Cumulative List of Birds during FONT Costa Rica Tours  (with photos)

 Birds:

1. Great Tinamou ______  23
   Tinamus major fuscipennis
   
   
2. Highland Tinamou ______  3
   Nothocercus bonapartei frantzii
   
   
3. Slaty-breasted Tinamou ______ 2  (another name has been "Boucard's Tinamou")
   Crypturellus boucardi costaricensis
   
   
4. Little Tinamou ______  12
   Crypturellus soui modestus
   
   
5. Thicket Tinamou ______ 5  (another name has been "Rufescent Tinamou")
   Crypturellus cinnamomeus praepes
   
   
6. Gray-headed Chachalaca ______ 15
   Ortalis cinereiceps  (monotypic)
   
   
7. Crested Guan ______ 16
   Penelope purpurascens aequatorialis
   
   
8. Black Guan (nt) ______ 11  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
   Chamaepetes unicolor  (monotypic)
   
   
9. Great Curassow (nt) ______ 7
   Crax r. rubra
   
   
10. Buffy-crowned Wood Partridge ______  1  (another name has been Buff-fronted Wood Partridge)
    Dendrotyx leucophrys hypospodius
    
    
11. Spot-bellied Bobwhite ______ 13  (was conspecific with Crested Bobwhite, Colinus cristatus, of northern South America & southern Central America)
    Colinus leucopogon dickeyi 
    
    
12. Black-eared Wood Quail ______  3  (was conspecific with the Rufous-fronted Wood-Quail of South America)
    Odontophorus m. melanotis  
    
    
13. Black-breasted Wood Quail (nt) ______ 3  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
    Odontophorus leucolaemus  (monotypic)
    
    
14. Black-bellied Whistling Duck ______ 15
    Dendrocygna a. autumnalis
    
    
15. Fulvous Whistling Duck ______ 2
    Dendrocygna bicolor  (monotypic)
    
    
16. Muscovy Duck ______ 13
    Cairina moschata  (monotypic, and single member of its genus)
    
    
17. Blue-winged Teal ______ 18
    Anas discors  (monotypic)
    
    
18. Sooty Shearwater ______ 1
    Puffinus griseus  (monotypic)
    
    
19. Pied-billed Grebe ______  8
    Podilymbus p. podiceps
    
    
20. Least Grebe ______ 12
    Tachybaptus (formerly Podiceps) dominicus brachypterus
    
    
21. Wood Stork ______  18
    Myceteria americana  (monotypic)
    
    
22. Jabiru (CRr) ______  5
    Jabiru mycteria  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
    
    
23. Green Ibis ______ 10
    Mesembrinibis cayennensis  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
    
    
24. White Ibis ______ 21
    Eudocimus albus  (monotypic)
    
    
25. Glossy Ibis ______  3
    Plegadis falcinellus  (has been called monotypic)
    
    
26. Roseate Spoonbill ______  18
    Platalea (formerly Ajaia)  ajaja  (monotypic)
    
    
27. Cattle Egret ______  27
    Bublcus i. ibis
    
    
28. Green Heron ______  27  (was at one time considered conspecific with the nearly cosmopolitan Striated Heron, and was then called Green-backed Heron)  
    Butorides v. virescens
    
    
29. Little Blue Heron ______  27
    Egretta caerulea  (monotypic)
    
    
30. Tricolored Heron ______ 21  (a former name was Louisiana Heron)
    Egretta tricolor ruficollis
    
    
31. Reddish Egret ______ 1
    Egretta r. rufescens
    
    
32. Snowy Egret ______  26
    Egretta t. thula
    
    
33. Great Egret ______  27
    Ardea (formerly Casmerodius or Egretta) alba egretta
    
    
34. Great Blue Heron ______ 22
    Ardea h. herodias
    
    
35. Agami Heron (nt) (CRr) ______  3  (another name has been Chestnut-bellied Heron)
    Agamia agami  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
    
    
36. Rufescent Tiger Heron ______ 1
    Tigrisoma l. lineatum
    
    
37. Fasciated Tiger Heron (nt) ______  3
    Tigrisoma fasiatum salmoni
    
    
38. Bare-throated Tiger-Heron ______ 16
    Tigrisoma mexicanum  (monotypic) 
    
    
39. Black-crowned Night-Heron ______  12
    Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli
    
    
40. Yellow-crowned Night-Heron ______  14
    Nyctanassa v. violacea  (the single member of its genus)
    
    
41. Boat-billed Heron ______ 18
    Cochlearius cochlearius  (the single member of its genus)  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica) 
    Cochlearius cochlearius phillipsi  (north CR)
    
    
42. Magnificent Frigatebird ______ 25
    Fregata magnificens  (now said to be monotypic)
    
    
43. Brown Pelican ______ 25
    Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis
    
    
44. Brown Booby ______ 6
    Sula l. leucogaster
    
    
45. Neotropic Cormorant ______ 23  (was called Olivaceous Cormorant)
    Phalacrocorax brasilianus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
    Phalacrocorax brasilianus mexicanus  (north CR)
    Phalacrocorax b. brasilianus  (south CR) 
    
    
46. Anhinga ______ 14
    Anhinga anhinga leucogaster
    
    
47. Turkey Vulture ______ 27
    Cathartes a. aura  (another subspecies, C. a. meridionalis, from central North America, migrates thru Costa Rica, sometimes in large flocks)
    
    
48. Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture ______  2
    Cathartes burrovianus  (monotypic)
    
    
49. Black Vulture ______  27
    Coragyps atratus  (now said to be monotypic) (the only member of its genus)
    
    
50. King Vulture ______ 20
    Sarcoramphus papa  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
    
    
51. Northern Crested Caracara ______  22
    Caracara cheriway  (monotypic)
    
    
52. Yellow-headed Caracara ______ 13
    Milvago chimachima cordata
    
    
53. Laughing Falcon ______ 24
    Herpetotheres c. cachinnans  (the single member of its genus)
    
    
54. Barred Forest Falcon ______  4
    Micrastur ruficollis interstes
    
    
55. Collared Forest Falcon ______ 10
    Micrastur semitorquatus naso
    
    
56. American Kestrel ______ 13
    Falco s. sparverius  (subspecies from further north in North America that winters in Costa Rica)  
    
    
57. Bat Falcon ______  17
    Falco rufigularis petoensis
    
    
58. Aplomado Falcon (CRr) ______  1  (known only from a very few reports during recent decades, all in the Palo Verde area of northwest Costa Rica - that's where we saw ours)  
    Falco f. femoralis
    
    
59. Peregrine Falcon ______ 12
    Falco peregrinus anatum (subspecies from further north in North America that winters in Costa Rica)
    
    
60. Osprey ______ 22
    Pandion haliaetus carolinensis  (the single member of its genus)
    
    
61. Gray-headed Kite ______  8  (another name has been "Cayenne Kite")
    Leptodon c. cayanensis  
    
    
62. Hook-billed Kite ______ 2
    Chondrohierax u. uncinatus  
    
    
63. Swallow-tailed Kite ______  20
    Elanoides forficatus  (the single member of its genus) (2 subspecies in Costa Rica, E. f. forficatus, & E. f. yetapa)  
    
    
64. White-tailed Kite ______ 27
    Elanus leucurus majusculus
    
    
65. Double-toothed Kite ______  11
    Harpagus bidentatus fasciatus
    
    
66. Plumbeous Kite ______ 8
    Ictinia plumbea  (monotypic)
    
    
67. Snail Kite ______ 4
    Rostrhamus s. sociabilis
    
    

68. Crane Hawk ______  5
    Geranospiza caerulesens nigra  (the single member of its genus)
    
    

69. Sharp-shinned Hawk ______  10
    Accipiter striatus velox  (subspecies from further north in North America that winters in Costa Rica) 
      
    
70. Bicolored Hawk ______ 5
    Accipiter b. bicolor
    
    
71. Barred Hawk ______ 9  (other names have been "Black-chested Hawk" & "Prince Hawk")
    Leucopternis princeps  (monotypic)
    
    
72. Semiplumbeous Hawk (nt) ______  5
    Leucopternis semiplumbeus  (monotypic)
    
    
73. White Hawk ______ 14
    Leucopternis albicollis costaricensis
    
    
74. Common Black Hawk ______  16
    Buteogallus a. anthracinus 
    Buteogallus anthracinus bangsi  ("Mangrove Black Hawk") 
    
    
75. Great Black Hawk ______ 10
    Buteogallus urubitinga ridgwayi
    
    
76. Montane Solitary Eagle (nt) ______  2
    Harpyhaliaetus solitarius sheffleri
    
    
77. Black-collared Hawk ______ 2
    Busarellus n. nigricollis  (the single member of its genus)
    
    
78. Bay-winged Hawk ______ 5  (in North America called Harris's Hawk)
    Parabuteo unicinctus harrisis  (the single member of its genus)
    
    
79. Gray-lined Hawk ______  21  (includes the more-northerly Gray Hawk)
    Buteo nitida plagiata  (northern CR)  
    
    
80. Roadside Hawk ______ 26
    Buteo magnirostris  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
    Buteo magnirostris griseocauda  (most of CR)
    
    
81. Broad-winged Hawk ______ 22
    Buteo p. platypterus  (migrant that breeds further north in North America) 
    
    
82. Swainson's Hawk ______ 9
    Buteo swainsoni  (monotypic)  (migrant that breeds further north in North America, some occasionally winter in Costa Rica)
    
    
83. Short-tailed Hawk ______  7
    Buteo brachyurus fuliginosus
    
    
84. White-tailed Hawk ______  7
    Buteo albicaudatus hypospodius
    
    
85. Zone-tailed Hawk ______ 6
    Buteo albonotatus  (monotypic)
    
    
86. Red-tailed Hawk ______ 17
    Buteo jamaicensis costaricensis
    
    
87. Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle (nt) ______ 2
    Spizastur melanoleucus  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
    
    
88. Black Hawk-Eagle ______ 5  (another name has been Tyrant Hawk-Eagle)
    Spizaetus tyrannus serus
    
    
89. Uniform Crake ______ 2
    Amaurolimnas concolor
    
    
90. Gray-necked Wood-Rail ______  17
    Aramides cajanea  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
    Aramides c. cajanea  (most of CR)
    Aramides cajanea plumbeicollis  (northeast CR)
    
    
91. Rufous-necked Wood-Rail ______ 2
    Aramides axillaris  (monotypic)
    
    
92. White-throated Crake ______ 21
    Laterallus albigularis  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
    Laterallus albigularis cinereiceps  (most of CR)
    
    
93. Gray-breasted Crake ______ 1
    Laterallus exilis  (monotypic)
    
    
94. Black Rail (nt) ______  1  (would be more properly called Black Crake)
    Laterallus j. jamaicensis
    
    
95. Common Moorhen ______  11  (has been called Common Gallinule)
    Gallinula chloropus cachinnans
    
    
96. Purple Gallinule ______ 21 
    Porphyrio (formerly Porphyrula) martinica  (monotypic)
    
    
97. Sungrebe ______ 12  (an alternate name could be "American Finfoot")
    Heliornis fulica  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
    
    
98. Sunbittern ______  4
    Eurypyga helias major  (a single member of its genus & family) 
    
    
99. Limpkin ______ 12
    Aramus guarauna dolosus (the single member of its genus & family)
    
    
100. Northern Jacana ______ 26
     Jacana s. spinosa
     
     
101. Gray Plover ______ 15  (has been called Black-bellied Plover)
     Pluvialis squatarola cynosurae
     
     
102. Semipalmated Plover ______ 19
     Charadrius semipalmatus  (monotypic)
     
     
103. Wilson's Plover ______ 11
     Charadrius wilsonia beldingi
     
     
104. Killdeer ______ 3
     Charadrius v. vociferus
     
     
105. Collared Plover ______  6
     Charadrius collaris  (monotypic)
     
     
106. Marbled Godwit ______ 2
     Limosa f. fedoa
     
     
107. Whimbrel ______ 21
     Numenius phaeopus hudsonicus
     
     
108. Greater Yellowlegs ______  11
     Tringa melanoleuca  (monotypic)
     
     
109. Lesser Yellowlegs ______ 14
     Tringa flavipes  (monotypic)
     
     
110. Solitary Sandpiper ______  18
     Tringa solitaria  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica, T. s. solitaria & T. s. cinnamomea)
     
     
111. "Western" Willet ______ 20
     Tringa (formerly Catoptrophorus) semipalmatus inornatus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
112. Spotted Sandpiper ______ 26
     Actitis macularia  (monotypic)
     
     
113. Ruddy Turnstone ______ 18
     Arenaria i. interpres
     
     
114. Short-billed Dowitcher ______  12
     Limnodromus griseus
     
     
115. Red Knot ______ 1
     Calidris canutus rufa
     
     
116. Sanderling ______  2
     Calidris alba rubida
     
     
117. Semipalmated Sandpiper ______ 9
     Calidris pusilla  (monotypic)
     
     
118. Western Sandpiper ______ 12
     Calidris mauri  (monotypic)
     
     
119. Least Sandpiper ______ 12
     Calidris minutilla  (monotypic)
     
     
120. Pectoral Sandpiper ______  1
     Calidris melanotos  (monotypic)
     
     
121. Stilt Sandpiper ______ 3
     Calidris (formerly Micropalama) himantopus
     
     
122. Black-necked Stilt ______  15  (was said by some to be conspecific with the Black-winged Stilt, Himantopus himantopus, of the Old World)
     Himantopus mexicanus
     
     
123. Double-striped Thick-knee ______  16
     Burbinus b. bistriatus
     
     
124. Parasitic Jaeger ______ 1
     Stercorarius parasiticus  (monotypic)
     
     
125. Laughing Gull ______ 24
     Larus atricilla megalopterus
     
     
126. Franklin's Gull ______  1
     Larus pipixcan  (monotypic)
     
     
127. Ring-billed Gull ______ 1
     Larus delawarensis  (monotypic)
     
     
128. "American" Herring Gull ______  1
     Larus argentatus smithsonianus
     
     
129. Gull-billed Tern ______ 3
     Gelochelidon (formerly Sterna) nilotica vanrossemi  (occurs on the Pacific side of Costa Rica) 
     
     
130. Caspian Tern ______ 5
     Hydroprogne (formerly Sterna) caspia  (monotypic)
     
     
131. Royal Tern ______ 21
     Thalasseus (formerly Sterna) m. maxima
     
     
132. Sandwich Tern ______ 13
     Thalasseus (formerly Sterna) sandvicensis acuflavida
     
     
133. Elegant Tern (nt) ______  2
     Thalasseus (formerly Sterna) elegans  (monotypic)
     
     
134. Forster's Tern ______ 2
     Sterna forsteri  (monotypic)
     
     
135. Least Tern ______ 1
     Sternula (formerly Sterna) antillarum browni
     
     
136. Brown Noddy ______  1
     Anous stolidus ridgwayi  
     
     
137. Black Skimmer ______  1
     Rynchops n. niger
     
     
138. Common (or Feral) Pigeon (i) ______  27
     Columba livia
     
     
139. Scaled Pigeon ______  7
     Patagioenas (formerly Columba) speciosa
     
     
140. Band-tailed Pigeon ______  18
     Patagioenas (formerly Columba) fasciata crissalis
     
     
141. Pale-vented Pigeon ______  21
     Patagioenas (formerly Columba) cayennensis pallidicrissa
     
     
142. Red-billed Pigeon ______ 24
     Patagioenas (formerly Columba) flavirostris
     
     
143. Ruddy Pigeon ______ 9
     Patagioenas (formerly Columba)subvinacea minima
     
     
144. Short-billed Pigeon ______ 25
     Patagioenas (formerly Columba) nigrirostris  (monotypic)
     
     
145. Mourning Dove ______ 12
     Zenaida macroura turturilla
     
     
146. White-winged Dove ______  20
     Zenaida asiatica australis
     
     
147. Common Ground Dove ______ 18
     Columbina passerina neglecta
     
     
148. Plain-breasted Ground Dove ______  5
     Columbina minuta elaeodes
     
     
149. Ruddy Ground Dove ______ 26
     Columbina taipacoti rufipennis
     
     
150. Blue Ground Dove ______ 10
     Claravis pretiosa  (monotypic)
     
     
151. Inca Dove ______  22
     Columbina (formerly Scardafella) inca  (monotypic)
     
     
152. White-tipped Dove ______  26  (a former name was White-fronted Dove)
     Leptotila v, verreauxi
     
     
153. Gray-chested Dove ______  12
     Leptotila cassinii cerviniventris
     
     
154. Purplish-backed Quail-Dove ______  2
     Geotrygon lawrencii  (monotypic)
     
     
155. Ruddy Quail-Dove ______ 6
     Geotrygon m. montana
             
     
156. Great Green Macaw (t3) ______  6  (closely related to the Military Macaw of Mexico & northern South America, and by some has been considered conspecific)
     Ara a. ambigua  (the other subspecies is an isolated population in western Ecuador)
     
     
157. Scarlet Macaw ______ 14
     Ara macao  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Ara macao cyanopterus  (northern subspecies, s. to Nicaragua, extending into northeast CR)
     Ara m. macao  (most populations in CR)  
     
     
158. Finch's Parakeet (or Conure) ______  20  (has also been called Crimson-fronted Parakeet, or Conure) (total range only from southeastern Nicaragua to western Panama)
     Aratinga finschi  (monotypic)
     
     
159. Aztec Parakeet (or Conure) ______ 15  (was considered by some as part of Olive-throated Parakeet/Conure when it included Jamaican population)
     Aratinga a. astec  
     
     
160. Orange-fronted Parakeet (or Conure) ______  18
     Aratinga c. canicularis
     
     
161. Barred Parakeet ______ 4
     Bolborhynchus l. lineola
     
     
162. Orange-chinned Parakeet ______  27  (another name has been "Tovi Parakeet")
     Brotogeris j. jugularis
     
     
163. Brown-hooded Parrot ______ 18
     Pionopsitta h. haematotis
     
     
164. Blue-headed Parrot ______ 10
     Pionus menstuus rubigularis
     
     
165. White-crowned Parrot ______  26
     Pionus senilis  (monotypic)
     
     
166. White-fronted Amazon (or Parrot) ______ 16
     Amazona albifrons nana
     
     
167. Red-lored Amazon (or Parrot) ______ 22
     Amazona autumnalis salvini
     
     
168. Yellow-naped Amazon (or Parrot) (t2) ______  13
     Amazona a. auropalliata 
     
     
169. Mealy Amazon (or Parrot)  ______ 24
     Amazona farinosa virenticeps
     
     
170. Yellow-billed Cuckoo ______ 1
     Coccyzus americanus  (now monotypic)
     
     
171. Mangrove Cuckoo ______ 7
     Coccyzus minor  (now monotypic)
     
     
172. Squirrel Cuckoo ______ 25
     Piaya cayana thermophila 
     
     
173. Groove-billed Ani ______  22
     Crotophaga sulciroxtris  (now monotypic, as a "second form" in Mexico now extinct) 
     
     
174. Striped Cuckoo ______ 14
     Tapera naevia excellens
     
     
175. Lesser Ground-Cuckoo ______ 12
     Morococcyx e. erythropygus
     
     
176. Barn Owl ______ 11
     Tyto alba guatemalae
     
     
177. Vermiculated Screech Owl ______  10  (has been considered a part of the "Guatemalan Screech Owl" of northern Central America, or even a more-expanded "Variable Screech Owl" of Central America & South America)
     Megascops (formerly Otus) vermiculatus  (monotypic)
     
     
178. Bare-shanked Screech Owl ______ 10  (total range from Costa Rica to northwestern Colombia)
     Megascops (formerly Otus) clarkii  (monotypic)
     
     
179. Tropical Screech Owl ______ 2
     Megascops (formerly Otus) choliba luctisonus
     
     
180. Pacific Screech Owl ______ 16  (was said to be part of Western Screech-Owl of North America)
     Megascops (formerly Otus) c. cooperi
     
     
181. Crested Owl ______ 3
     Lophostrix cristata stricklandi  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
182. Great Horned Owl  (CRr) ______  3
     Bubo virginianus mesembrinus
     
     
183. Spectacled Owl ______  11
     Pulsatrix perspicillata saturata 
     
     
184. Central American Pygmy Owl ______ 5  (was part of the former Least Pygmy Owl; another split from that is current East Brazilian Pygmy Owl of eastern Brazil in South America) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Glaucidium griseiceps rarum
     
     
185. Costa Rican Pygmy Owl ______ 6  (was considered part of the Andean Pygmy-Owl of South America)
     Glaucidium costaricanum  (monotypic)
     
     
186. "Ridgway's" Ferruginous Pygmy Owl ______ 10  
     Glaucidium brasilianum ridgwayi 
     
     
187. Mottled Owl ______ 6
     Strix virgata centralis
     
     
188. Black-and-white Owl ______  5
     Strix (formerly Ciccaba) nigrolineata
     
     
189. Striped Owl ______  3
     Pseudoscops (formerly Asio) clamator forbesi
     
     
190. Great Potoo ______ 8
     Nyctibius g. grandis
     
     
191. Common Potoo  ______ 2
     Nyctibius griseus panamensis
     
     
192. Short-tailed Nighthawk ______  7  (another name has been Semicollared Nighthawk)
     Lurocalis semitorquatus noctivagus
     
     
193. Lesser Nighthawk ______ 16
     Chordeiles acutipennis littoralis  (other subspecies occur in Costa Rica as migrants)
     
     
194. Pauraque ______ 27
     Nyctidromus albicollis intercedens  (the single member of its genus) 
     
     
195. American Black Swift ______ 4
     Cypseloides niger costaricensis
     
     
196. White-chinned Swift ______ 3
     Cypseloides cryptus  (monotypic)
     
     
197. Chestnut-collared Swift ______ 5
     Streptoprocne (formerly Cypseloides) rutilus  (monotypic)
     
     
198. White-collared Swift ______ 26
     Streptoprocne zonaris bouchelli
     
     
199. Gray-rumped Swift ______  10
     Chaetura cinereiventris phaeopygos
     
     
200. "Dusky-backed" Vaux's Swift ______  21
     Chaetura vauxi richmondi
     
     
201. Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift ______  13
     Panyptila c. cayennensis
     
     
202. Band-tailed Barbthroat ______ 8
     Threnetes ruckeri ventosus
     
     
203. Bronzy Hermit ______ 7
     Glaucis aenea  (monotypic)
     
     
204. Green Hermit ______ 15
     Phaethornis guy coruscus
     
     
205. Long-billed Hermit ______ 17  (was, at one time, part of the Long-tailed Hermit, a species now restricted to South America)
     Phaethornis longirostris cephalus
     
     
206. Stripe-throated Hermit ______ 21  (formerly conspecific with Little Hermit of northeast South America, another name has been "Boucard's Hermit", Phaethornis adolphi)
     Phaethornis striigularis saturatus (genus formerly said to be Pygmornis) 
       
     
207. Green-fronted Lancebill ______  3
     Doryfera ludovicae veraguensis
     
     
208. Scaly-breasted Hummingbird ______ 8  (another name has been "Cuvier's Hummingbird")
     Campylopterus (has been Phaeochroa) cuvierii  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Campylopterus cuvierii roberti  (east CR)
     Campylopterus cuvierii maculicauda  (west CR)
     
     
209. Violet Sabrewing ______ 19
     Campylopterus hemileucurus mellitus 
     
     
210. White-necked Jacobin ______ 13
     Florisuga m. mellivora 
     
     
211. Brown Violetear ______ 8
     Colibri delphinae  (now monotypic)
     
     
212. Green Violetear ______ 18  
     Colibri thalassinus cabanidis 
     
     
213. Green-breasted Mango ______ 14  (another name has been "Prevost's Mango")
     Anthracothorax prevostii gracilirostris
     
     
214. Violet-headed Hummingbird ______ 11
     Klais guimeti merrittii  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
215. Black-crested Coquette ______ 1
     Lophornis helenae  (monotypic)
     
     
216. Green Thorntail ______  10
     Discosura (formerly Popelairia) conversii  (monotypic)
     
     
217. Salvin's Emerald ______ 10  (this, and the more-northerly Canivet's Hummingbird and the more-southerly Garden Emerald have split from what was the Fork-tailed Emerald)
     Chlorostilbon salvini
     
     
218. Violet-crowned Woodnymph ______ 19
     Thalurania colombica venusta
     
     
219. Blue-throated Sapphire ______ 10  (has also been called Blue-throated Goldentail)
     Hylocharis e. eliciae
     
     
220. Blue-chested Hummingbird ______  1
     Amazilia amabilis  (monotypic) 
     
     
221. Mangrove Hummingbird (t2) (CRe) ______ 4  (total range limited to the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, where it occurs only in mangroves) 
     Amazilia boucardi  (monotypic)
     
     
222. Steely-vented Hummingbird ______ 15
     Amazilia saucerrottei hoffmanni
     
     
223. Cinnamon Hummingbird ______  18
     Amazilia rutila corallirostris
     
     
224. Rufous-tailed Hummingbird ______  26
     Amazilia t. tzacatl  
     
     
225. Stripe-tailed Hummingbird ______ 5
     Eupherusa eximia
     
     
226. Black-bellied Hummingbird ______  7  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Eupherusa nigriventris
     
     
227. Snowcap ______ 2  (total range from southern Honduras to western Panama)
     Microchera albocoronata parvirostris  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
228. Coppery-headed Emerald (CRe) ______ 13  (total range limited to Costa Rica) 
     Elvira cupreiceps  
     
     
229. Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer ______ 5  (was previously called Red-footed Plumeleteer)
     Chalybura urochrysia melanorrhoa
     
     
230. White-bellied Mountaingem ______  6  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Lampornis hemileucus  (monotypic)
     
     
231. Purple-throated Mountaingem ______  17  (was considered conspecific with the Gray-tailed and White-throated Mountaingems, the latter in Panama) (total range limited to Nicaragua & Costa Rica) 
     Lampornis calolaema  (3 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     
     
232. Green-crowned Brilliant ______ 20
     Heliodoxa jacula henryi 
       
     
233. Magnificent Hummingbird ______  19  (another species to the north, in northern Central America, Mexico, & the southwest US, has been called the "Rivoli's Hummingbird")
     Eugenes fulgens spectabilis
     
     
234. Purple-crowned Fairy ______ 16
     Heliothryx barroti  (monotypic)
     
     
235. Plain-capped Starthroat ______  12
     Heliomaster c. constantii
     
     
236. Magenta-throated Woodstar (nt) ______ 13  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Calliphlox bryantae  (monotypic)
     
     
237. Ruby-throated Hummingbird ______ 9
     Archilochus colubris  (monotypic)
     
     
238. Scintillant Hummingbird ______ 18   (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Selasphorus scintilla  (monotypic)  
     
     
239. Volcano Hummingbird ______ 19  (red-gorgeted form in Costa Rica formerly considered a species: the "Cerise-throated Hummingbird", Selasphorus simoni) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Selasphorus flammula  (3 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Selasphorus f. flammula  (Irazu & Turrialba volcanoes)
     Selasphorus flammula simoni  (Poas & Barva volcanoes)
     Selasphorus flammula torridus  (Talamanca range) 
     
     
240. Resplendent Quetzal (nt) ______ 19
     Pharomachrus mocinno costaricensis 
     
     
241. Slaty-tailed Trogon ______ 21  (another name has been "Massena Trogon")
     Trogon massena hoffmanni
     
     
242. Black-headed Trogon ______  17  (has been considered conspecific with Citreoline Trogon of Mexico)
     Trogon melanocephalus 
     
     
243. Elegant Trogon ______ 4  (northernmost race, in Mexico & southwest US, has been called Coppery-tailed Trogon)
     Trogon elegans lubricus
     
     
244. Collared Trogon ______  19
     Trogon collaris puella
     Trogon collaris underwoodi  ("Orange-bellied Trogon": range in Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     
     
245. Black-throated Trogon ______  10
     Trogon rufus tenellus
     
     
246. Gartered Trogon ______  20  (was part of the Violaceous Trogon of South America) 
     Trogon caligatus (formerly violaceus) concinnus  
     
     
247. Ringed Kingfisher ______  24
     Megaceryle (formerly Ceryle) t. torquata
     
     
248. Belted Kingfisher ______ 8
     Megaceryle (formerly Ceryle) alcyon  (monotypic)
     
     
249. Amazon Kingfisher ______  21
     Chloroceryle amazona  (now monotypic)
     
     
250. Green Kingfisher ______ 26
     Chloroceryle americana septentrionalis
     
     
251. American Pygmy Kingfisher ______  12
     Chloroceryle a. aenea  
     
     
252. Broad-billed Motmot ______  4
     Electron platyrhynchum minus
     
     
253. Turquoise-browed Motmot ______  17
     Eumomota superciliosa australis  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
254. Rufous Motmot ______ 5
     Baryphthengus martii semirufus
     
     
255. Blue-crowned Motmot ______  24  (an alternate name, especially for the southern races, in South American, would be "Blue-diademed Motmot") 
     Momotus momota lessonii  
     
     
256. Rufous-tailed Jacamar ______  11
     Galbula ruficauda melanogenia  
       
     
257. White-necked Puffbird ______ 11
     Notharchus (formerly Bucco) macrorhynchos hyperrynchus
     
     
258. Pied Puffbird ______  5
     Notharchus (formerly Bucco) tectus subtectus
     
     
259. White-whiskered Puffbird  ______  5  (an alternate name would be "White-whiskered Softwing")
     Malacoptila panamensis fuliginosa
     
     
260. White-fronted Nunbird ______ 5
     Monasa morphoeus grandior
     
     
261. Red-headed Barbet ______  5
     Eubucco bourcieri salvini
     
     
262. Prong-billed Barbet ______  11  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Semnornis frantzii  (monotypic)
     
     
263. "Blue-throated" Emerald Toucanet ______  19  (a distinct subspecies from the "White-throated" Emerald Toucant of northern Central America)
     Aulacorhynchus prasinus caeruleogularis 
     
     
264. Collared Aracari ______  17
     Pteroglossus t. torquatus  
     
     
265. Keel-billed Toucan ______ 17  (an alternate name is "Rainbow-billed Toucan")
     Ramphastos sulfuratus brevicarinatus 
     
     
266. Chestnut-mandibled Toucan ______ 25  (another name has been "Swainson's Toucan")
     Ramphastos ambiguus
     
     
267. Acorn Woodpecker ______ 14
     Melanerpes formicivorus striatipectus
     
     
268. Black-cheeked Woodpecker ______ 16
     Melanerpes (formerly Centurus or Tripsurus) pucherani  (monotypic) 
     
     
269. Hoffmann's Woodpecker ______  23  (total range from southern Honduras to Costa Rica)
     Melanerpes (formerly Centurus) hoffmannii  (monotypic)
     
     
270. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker ______ 2
     Sphyrapicus varius  (monotypic)
     
     
271. Hairy Woodpecker ______ 13
     Picoides villosus sanctorum
     
     
272. Smoky-brown Woodpecker ______  8
     Veniliornis fumigatus sanguinolentus
     
     
273. Golden-olive Woodpecker ______  11
     Piculus rubiginosus yucatanensis
     
     
274. Rufous-winged Woodpecker ______  7  (closely related to Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker of Panama & White-throated Woodpecker of South America) (total range from eastern Honduras to western Panama) 
     Piculus simplex  (monotypic)
     
     
275. Cinnamon Woodpecker ______  2
     Celeus loricatus diversus
     
     
276. Chestnut-colored Woodpecker ______  1
     Celeus castaneus (monotypic)
     
     
277. Lineated Woodpecker ______ 25
     Dryocopus lineatus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Dryocopus lineatus similis  (northwest CR)
     Dryocopus l. lineatus  (most of CR) 
     
     
278. Pale-billed Woodpecker ______  23  (another name has been "Flint-billed Woodpecker")
     Campephilus g. guatemalensis
     
     
279. Red-capped Manakin ______ 20
     Pipra mentalis  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Pipra m. mentalis  (east CR)
     Pipra mentalis ignifera  (west CR) 
     
     
280. Long-tailed Manakin ______ 14  
     Chiroxiphia linearis fastuosa  
     
     
281. White-ruffed Manakin ______ 12
     Corapipo altera (formerly leucorrhoa, leucorrhoa, that's now the scientific name of the formerly conspecific White-bibbed Manakin of northern South America)  White-bibbed Manakin of northern South America)  White-bibbed Manakin of northern South America) 
     (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Corapipo a. altera  (north CR) 
     
     
282. White-collared Manakin ______ 14  (has been considered conspecific with the Orange-collared Manakin, and with the Golden-collared Manakin of Panama; these 3 Central American manakins are closely related to the White-bearded Manakin, Manacus manacus, of South America)
     Manacus candei
     
     
283. Masked Tityra ______ 27
     Tityra semifasciata costaricensis
     
     
284. Black-crowned Tityra ______  16
     Tityra inquisitor fraserii
     
     
285. Thrushlike Schiffornis ______  11  (has been called Thrushlike Mourner and Thrushlike Manakin - but neither a mourner nor a manakin)
     Schiffornis turdina veraepacis
     
     
286. Barred Becard ______ 3
     Pachyramphus versicolor costaricensis
     
     
287. Cinnamon Becard ______  14
     Pachyramphus cinnamomeus fulvidior
     
     
288. White-winged Becard ______ 7
     Pachyramphus polychopterus similis
     
     
289. Rose-throated Becard ______ 23
     Pachyramphus aglaiae latirostris  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     
     
290. Rufous Piha ______ 11
     Lipaugus u. unirufus
     
     
291. Snowy Cotinga ______  9  (total range from northern Honduras to western Panama)
     Carpodectes nitidus  (monotypic)
     
     
292. Bare-necked Umbrellabird  (t3) ______  3  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Cephalopterus glabricollis  (monotypic)
     
     
293. Three-wattled Bellbird  (t3) ______ 11  (total range from eastern Honduras to western Panama) 
     Procnias tricarunculata  (monotypic)
     
     
294. Gray-headed Piprites (nt) ______ 3  (has been called Gray-headed Manakin, but not a manakin) (total range from eastern Guatemala to Costa Rica)
     Piprites griseiceps  (monotypic)
     
     
295. Black Phoebe ______ 21
     Sayornis nigricans amnicola
     
     
296. Long-tailed Tyrant ______  12
     Colonia colonus leuconota  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
297. Scissor-tailed Flycatcher ______ 13
     Tyrannus forficatus  (monotypic)  
     
     
298. Fork-tailed Flycatcher ______ 8
     Tyrannus savana monachus
     
     
299. Eastern Kingbird ______ 3
     Tyrannus tyrannus  (monotypic)
     
     
300. Tropical Kingbird ______  27
     Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa
     
     
301. Western Kingbird ______  3
     Tyrannus verticalis (monotypic)
     
     
302. Piratic Flycatcher ______  10
     Legatus leucophaius  (the single member of its genus)  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica: L. l. variegatus & L. l. leucophaius)
     
     
303. White-ringed Flycatcher ______  8  (closely related to the Yellow-throated Flycatcher of South America)
     Conopias (formerly Corytriccus) albovittatus distinctus
     
     
304. Boat-billed Flycatcher ______ 20
     Megarynchus pitangua mexicanus
     
     
305. Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher ______ 12
     Myiodynastes luteiventris (monotypic)
     
     
306. Streaked Flyctcher ______  16
     Myiodynastes masulatus insolens
     
     
307. Golden-bellied Flycatcher ______ 8
     Myiodynastes hemichrysus  (monotypic)
     
     
308. Gray-capped Flycatcher ______  22
     Myiozetetes g. granadensis
     
     
309. Social Flycatcher ______  27
     Myiozetetes similis  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Myiozetetes similis texensis (north CR)  
     
     
310. Great Kiskadee ______ 27
     Pitangus sulphuratus guatimalensis
     
     
311. Rufous Mourner ______  9
     Rhytipterna h. holerythra
     
     
312. Panama Flycatcher ______  5
     Myiarchus panamensis actiosus (subspecies endemic to Costa Rica)
     
     
313. Brown-crested Flycatcher ______  16
     Myiarchus tyrannulus brachyurus
     
     
314. Nutting's Flycatcher ______ 17  (another name has been "Pale-throated Flycatcher") 
     Myiarchus nuttingi flavidior
     
     
315. Great Crested Flycatcher ______ 20
     Myiarchus crinitus  (monotypic)
     
     
316. Dusky-capped Flycatcher ______  21
     Myiarchus tuberculifer connectens
     
     
317. Bright-rumped Attila ______ 14
     Attila spadiceus citreopyga
     
     
318. Olive-sided Flycatcher  ______  7  (an alternate name would be "Boreal Pewee")
     Contopus cooperi  (formerly in genus Nuttallornis, with its previous scientific name, for a long time, borealis)
     
     
319. Eastern Wood Pewee ______  10
     Contopus virens  (monotypic)
     
     
320. Western Wood Pewee ______ 5
     Contopus sordidulus  (4 subspecies migrate through Costa Rica)
     
     
321. Tropical Pewee ______ 20
     Contopus cinereus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Contopus cinereus rhizophorus  (west CR)
     Contopus cinereus brachytarsus (elsewhere in CR)   
     
     
322. Dark Pewee ______ 15  (This species, and the Greater Pewee of northern Central America, were previously considered conspecfic with the Smoke-colored Pewee of South America.) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Contopus lugubris  (monotypic)
     
     
323. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher ______ 7
     Empidonax flaviventris  (monotypic)
     
     
324. Acadian Flycatcher ______ 1
     Empidonax virescens  (monotypic)
     
     
325. Willow Flycatcher ______ 8
     Empidonax t. trailii
     
     
326. Alder Flycatcher ______ 6
     Empidonax alnorum  (monotypic)
     
     
327. Yellowish Flycatcher ______ 15
     Empidonax f. flavescens
     
     
328. Black-capped Flycatcher ______ 12  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Empidonax atriceps  (monotypic)
     
     
329. Northern Tufted Flycatcher ______ 18
     Mitrephanes phaeocercus auraantiiventris
     
     
330. Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher ______ 11
     Terenotriccus erythrurus fulvigularis  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
331. Sulphur-rumped Myiobius  ______  9 (has been known as Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher; closely related to the Whiskered Myiobius of South America, with which it was conspecific)
     Myiobius sulphureipygius
     
     
332. White-throated Spadebill ______ 3
     Platyrinchus mystaceus
     
     
333. Northern Royal Flycatcher ______  1
     Onychorhynchus mexicanus
     
     
334. Yellow-olive Flatbill ______ 19  (has been known as Yellow-olive Flycatcher)
     Tolmomyias sulphurescns cinereiceps
     
     
335. Yellow-margined Flatbill ______  4  (has been known as Yellow-margined Flycatcher; closely related to the Zimmer's Flatbill of South America, with which it was considered conspecific)
     Tolmomyias flavotectus
     
     
336. Eye-ringed Flatbill ______ 5
     Rhynchocyclus brevirostris
     
     
337. Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher ______ 1
     Todirostrum nigriceps
     
     
338. Common Tody-Flycatcher ______  25
     Todirostrum cinereum
     
     
339. Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher ______  14
     Poecilotriccus (formerly Todirostrum) sylvia
     
     
340. Northern Bentbill ______ 7  (by some considered conspecific with the Southern Bentbill of Panama & northern South America)
     Oncostoma cinereigulare 
     
     
341. Scale-crested Pygmy Tyrant ______  12
     Lophotriccus pileatus
     
     
342. Black-capped Pygmy Tyrant ______ 1  (closely related to Short-tailed Pygmy-Tyrant of South America)
     Myiornis atricapillus
     
     
343. Yellow Tyrannulet ______  7
     Capsiempis flaveola
     
     
344. Torrent Tyrannulet ______  23
     Serpophage cinerea
     
     
345. Yellow-bellied Elaenia ______  22
     Elaenia flavogaster subpagana  
     
     
346. Lesser Elaenia ______  9
     Elaenia chiriquensis
     
     
347. Mountain Elaenia ______ 20
     Elaenia frantzii
     
     
348. Greenish Elaenia ______ 5
     Myiopagis viridicata
     
     
349. Northern Scrub Flycatcher ______ 3  (was conspecific with the South & Amazonian Scrub Flycatchers of South America; when so, was called Scrub Flycatcher) 
     Sublegatus arenarum
     
     
350. Northern Beardless Tyrannulet ______  8
     Campostoma imberbe
     
     
351. Southern Beardless Tyrannulet ______  9
     Campostoma obsoletum
     
     
352. Paltry Tyrannulet ______ 15  (has been called "Mistletoe Tyrannulet"; closely related to Venezuelan Tyrannulet of northern South America, with which it was formerly conspecific)
     Zimmerius vilissimus
     
     
353. Yellow-bellied Tyrannulet ______  2
     Ornithion semiflavum
     
     
354. White-fronted Tyrannulet ______   3  (has also been called Zeledon's Tyrannulet; was considered conspecific with the Rough-legged Tyrannulet of South America)
     Phyllomyias zeledoni 
     
     
355. Slaty-capped Flycatcher ______ 7
     Leptopogon superciliaris
     
     
356. Olive-striped Flycatcher ______ 12
     Mionectes o. olivaceus
     
     
357. Ochre-bellied Flycatcher ______ 7
     Mionectes oleagineus dyscolus
     
     
358. Fasciated Antshrike ______ 1
     Cymbilaimus lineatus fasciatus
     
     
359. Great Antshrike ______ 8
     Taraba major melanocrissus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
360. Barred Antshrike ______  20
     Thamnophilus doliatus pacificus  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica) 
     
     
361. Western Slaty Antshrike ______ 6
     Thamnophilus a. atrinucha
     
     
362. Russet Antshrike ______ 6
     Thamnistes anabatinus saturatus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
363. Plain Antvireo ______  9
     Dysithamnus mentalis septentrionalis
     
     
364. Streak-crowned Antvireo ______ 2  (total range from southeastern Honduras to Costa Rica)
     Dysithamnus striaticeps  (monotypic)
     
     
365. White-flanked Antwren ______ 1
     Myrmotherula axillaris albigula
     
     
366. Slaty Antwren ______ 8
     Myrmotherula s. schisticolor
     
     
367. Checker-throated Antwren ______ 1  (the British spelling is "Chequer-throated")
     Myrmotherula fulviventris costaricensis
     
     
368. Dot-winged Antwren ______ 13
     Microrhopias quixensis virgatus  (the single member of its genus) 
     
     
369. Dusky Antbird ______ 10
     Cercomacra tyrannina crepera
     
     
370. Bare-crowned Antbird ______  1
     Myrmeciza nudiceps chiroleuca  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica) (the single member of its genus)
     
     
371. Chestnut-backed Antbird ______ 10
     Myrmeciza exsul  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Myrmeciza exsul occidentalis  (southwest CR)
     Mymeciza e. exsul  (elsewhere in CR) 
     
     
372. Immaculate Antbird ______ 1
     Myrmeciza immaculata zeledoni
     
     
373. Bicolored Antbird ______ 6 (considered conspecific with "White-cheeked Antbird" of northern South America)
     Gymnopithys leucaspis olivascens
     
     
374. Spotted Antbird ______ 6
     Hylophylax naevioides capnitis
     
     
375. Ocellated Antbird ______  4
     Phaenostictus mcleannani saturatus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
376. Black-faced Antthrush ______ 10
     Formicarius analis  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Formicarius analis hoffmanni  (south CR)
     Formicarius analis umbrosus  (elsewhere in CR)
     
     
377. Black-headed Antthrush ______ 1
     Formicarius n. nigricapillus
     
     
378. Rufous-breasted Antthrush ______  3
     Formicarius r. rufipectus
     
     
379. Silvery-fronted Tapaculo ______ 6  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Scytalopus a. argentifrons
     
     
380. Spotted Barbtail ______ 6
     Premnoplex brunnescens brunneicauda
     
     
381. Slaty Spinetail ______  10
     Synallaxis brachyura nigrofumosa
     
     
382. Red-faced Spinetail ______ 2
     Cranioleuca erythrops rufigenis
     
     
383. Ruddy Treerunner ______ 6  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Margarornis r. rubiginosus  
     
     
384. Buffy Tuftedcheek ______ 9  (was considered conspecific with the Streaked & Pacific Tuftedcheeks of South America)
     Pseudocolaptes l. lawrencii
     
     
385. Western Woodhaunter  ______  1 (was called Striped Foliage-gleaner, and more recently Striped Woodhaunter; now split from the Eastern Woodhaunter of South America)
     Hyloctistes v. virgatus
     
     
386. Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner ______ 5  (was called Spectacled Foliage-gleaner)
     Anabacerthia v. variegaticeps
     
     
387. Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner  ______ 6  (another name has been "Buff-throated Automolus")
     Automolus ochrolaemus hypophaeus
     
     
388. Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner ______ 5
     Philydor rufus panerythrum
     
     
389. Streak-breasted Treehunter ______ 3  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Tripacdectes rufobrunneus (monotypic)
     
     
390. Plain Xenops ______  12
     Xenops minutus littoralis
     
     
391. Streaked Xenops ______  2
     Xenops rutilans septentrionalis
     
     
392. Scaly-throated Leaftosser  ______ 3  (another name has been "Scaly-throated Leafscraper") 
     Sclerurus g. guatemalensis
     
     
393. Plain-brown Woodcreeper ______ 4
     Dendrocincla fuliginosa ridgwayi
     
     
394. Ruddy Woodcreeper ______ 3
     Dendrocincla homochroa acedesta
     
     
395. Long-tailed Woodcreeper ______ 3
     Dendrocincla longicauda typica
     
     
396. Olivaceous Woodcreeper ______ 17
     Sittasomus griseicapillus sylvioides  (the single member of its genus) 
     
     
397. Wedge-billed Woodcreeper ______  17
     Glyphorynchus spirurus sublestus   (the single member of its genus)
     
     
398. Strong-billed Woodcreeper ______  2
     Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus costaricensis
     
     
399. Northern Barred Woodcreeper ______  11  (was conspecific with the Amazonian Barred Woodcreeper of South America; when so, was called Barred Woodcreeper)  
     Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Dendrocolaptes s. sanctithomae  (most of Pacific side of CR) 
     
     
400. Black-banded Woodcreeper ______  3
     Dendrocolaptes picumnus costaricensis
     
     
401. Cocoa Woodcreeper ______ 13  (was part of the Buff-throated Woodcreeper of South America)
     Xiphorhynchus susurrans costaricensis
     
     
402. Black-striped Woodcreeper ______  12
     Xiphorhynchus l. lachrymosus
     
     
403. Ivory-billed Woodcreeper ______  1  (another name has been "Laughing Woodcreeper") 
     Xiphorhynchus flavigaster ultimus
     
     
404. Spotted Woodcreeper ______ 8
     Xiphorhynchus erthropygius punctigula
     
     
405. Streak-headed Woodcreeper ______ 24
     Lepidocolaptes souleyetii compressus
     
     
406. Spot-crowned Woodcreeper ______ 13
     Lepidocolaptes affinis neglectus
     
     
407. Brown-billed Scythebill ______  7
     Campylorhamphus pusillus borealis
     
     
408. Rufous-browed Peppershrike ______  4
     Cyclarhis gujanensis subflavescens
     
     
409. Green Shrike-Vireo ______ 6 (was considered conspecific by some with the  Yellow-browed Shrike-Vireo of Panama & northern South America)
     Vireolanius pulchellus verticalis
     
     
410. Mangrove Vireo ______ 8
     Vireo pallens  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica) 
     Vireo pallens nicoyensis  (northwest CR)
     Vireo p. pallens  (west CR) 
     
     
411. Yellow-winged Vireo ______ 12
     Vireo carmioli  (monotypic) 
     
     
412. Yellow-throated Vireo ______ 17
     Vireo flavifrons  (monotypic) 
     
     
413. Philadelphia Vireo ______ 13
     Vireo philadelphicus  (monotypic)
     
     
414. Red-eyed Vireo ______ 9
     Vireo o. olivaceus  
     
     
415. Yellow-green Vireo ______ 21 (was regarded by some as a race of the Red-eyed Vireo)
     Vireo f. flavoviridis
     
     
416. Warbling Vireo ______ 3
     Vireo g. gilvus
     
     
417. "Gray-headed" Lesser Greenlet ______  24  (Central American gray-headed races are conspecific with South American race) 
     Hylophilus d. decurtatus
     
     
418. Azure-hooded Jay ______ 2
     Cyanolyca c. cucullata
     
     
419. Brown Jay ______ 24
     Cyanocorax m. morio
     
     
420. White-throated Magpie-Jay ______  16  (was considered by some to be conspecific with the Black-throated Magpie-Jay of Mexico) 
     Calocitta formosa pompata 
     
     
421. Tree Swallow ______ 4
     Tachycineta bicolor  (monotypic)
     
     
422. Mangrove Swallow ______  22
     Tachycineta albilinea  (monotypic)
     
     
423. Purple Martin ______ 3
     Progne subis  (3 subspecies migrate thru Costa Rica)
     
     
424. Gray-breasted Martin ______  27
     Progne c. chalybea
     
     
425. Blue-and-white Swallow ______  27
     Pygochelidon (formerly Notiochelidon) c. cyanoleuca
     
     
426. Northern Rough-winged Swallow ______  13
     Stelgidopteryx serripennis  (3 subspecies occur in Costa Rica) 
     
     
427. Southern Rough-winged Swallow ______  25
     Stelgidopteryx ruficollis decolor
     
     
428. Bank Swallow ______ 4  (also called Sand Martin, throughout much of its extensive range, particularly in the Old World)
     Riparia r. riparia
     
     
429. Barn Swallow ______ 22
     Hirundo rustica erythrogaster
     
     
430. American Cliff Swallow ______  2
     Petrochelidon (formerly Hirundo) pyrrhonota (formerly Hirundo) pyrrhonota
     (5 subspecies migrate thru Costa Rica)
     
431. Rufous-naped Wren ______ 17
     Campylorhynchus rufinucha  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Campylorhynchus rufinucha capistratus  (north CR)
     Campylorhynchus rufinucha nicoyae  (northwest CR, Nicoya Peninsula) 
     
     
432. Band-backed Wren ______ 10  (another name has been "Barred Wren")
     Campylorhynchus zonatus costaricensis
     
     
433. Bay Wren ______ 16
     Thryothorus nigricapillus costaricensis
     
     
434. Stripe-breasted Wren ______ 7  (closely related to, formerly conspecific with Striped-throated Wren of South America) (total range from Nicaragua to Panama)
     Thryothorus thoracicus  (monotypic)
     
     
435. Banded Wren ______ 10
     Thryothorus pleurostictus ravus
     
     
436. Rufous-and-white Wren ______  7
     Thryothorus rufalbus castanonotus
     
     
437. Plain Wren ______  15
     Thryothorus modestus  (3 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Thryothorus m. modestus  (north CR)
     Thryothorus modestus elutus (southwest CR)
     Thryothorus modestus zeledoni  (the "Canebrake Wren" of the Caribbean lowlands, once considered a separate species)   
     
      
438. Black-throated Wren ______ 3  (total range from Nicaragua to western Panama)
     Thryothorus atroguaris  (monotypic)
     
     
439. "Southern" House Wren ______  27
     Troglodytes aedon  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)  
     Troglodytes aedon intermedius  (most of CR)
     
     
440. Ochraceous Wren ______ 7  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Troglodytes o. ochraceus
     
     
441. White-breasted Wood Wren ______  15
     Henicorhina leucosticta (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Henicorhina leucosticta costaricensis (central CR)
     Henicorhina leucosticta pittieri (southwest CR) 
     
     
442. Gray-breasted Wood Wren ______ 24
     Henicorhina leucophrys collina
     
     
443. Northern Nightingale-Wren ______  7  
     Microcerculus philomela (monotypic)
     
     
444. Song Wren ______ 4  (closely related to the Musician Wren of South America)
     Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus richardsoni
     
     
445. White-lored Gnatcatcher ______ 15
     Popioptila a. albiloris
     
     
446. Tropical Gnatcatcher ______ 20
     Polioptila plumbea  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Polioptila plumbea brodkorbi  (north CR)
     Polioptila plumbea superciliaris  (most of CR) 
     
     
447. Long-billed Gnatwren ______ 9   
     Ramphocaenus melanurus panamensis
     
     
448. Black-faced Solitaire ______  17 (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Myadestes melanops  (monotypic)
     
     
449. Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush ______  11
     Catharus aurantiirostris  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Catharus aurantiirostris costaricensis (most of CR)
     Catharus aurantiirostris russatus (southwest CR) 
     
     
450. Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush ______ 7
     Catharus fuscater hellmayri
     
     
451. Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush ______  13
     Catharus f. frantzii
     
     
452. Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush ______ 1
     Catharus mexicanus carrikeri
     
     
453. Gray-cheeked Thrush ______ 2
     Catharus minimus  (2 subspecies migrate south from North America)
     
     
454. Swainson's Thrush ______ 12
     Catharus ustulatus  (4 of 6 subspecies migrate as far south as Costa Rica) 
     
     
455. Veery ______ 2
     Catharus fuscescens  (4 subspecies migrate south from North America)
     
     
456. Wood Thrush ______ 8
     Hylocichla (formerly Catharus) mustelinus  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
     
     
457. Sooty Thrush ______ 16  (has been called Sooty Robin) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Turdus nigrescens  (monotypic)  
     
     
458. Mountain Thrush _______ 23  (has been called Mountain Robin)
     Turdus p. plebejus
     
     
459. Pale-vented Thrush ______  4  (has been called Pale-vented Robin; and has been said, at various times, to be conspecific with the Cocoa and Hauxwell's Thrushes of South America)
     Turdus o. obsoletus
     
     
460. Clay-colored Thrush ______  27  (has been called Clay-colored Robin) (the national bird of Costa Rica)
     Turdus grayi casius
     
     
461. White-throated Robin ______  10  (has been called White-throated Robin; closely related to, previously conspecific with the White-necked Thrush of South America)
     Turdus assimilis cnephosus
     
     
462. Gray Catbird ______ 2
     Dumetella carolinensis  (monotypic)
     
     
463. American Dipper ______  12
     Cinclus mexicanus ardesiacus
     
     
464. Long-tailed Silky-Flycatcher ______  17  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Ptilogonys caudatus  (monotypic)
     
     
465. Black-and-yellow Phainoptila  ______  9  (has been called Black-and-yellow Silky-Flycatcher) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Phainoptila melanoxantha  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Phainoptila m. melanoxantha  (south CR)
     Phainoptila melanoxantha parkeri  (north CR)
     
     
466. Scrub Euphonia ______ 13
     Euphonia a. affinis
     
     
467. Yellow-crowned Euphonia ______  17  (total range from Nicaragua to Panama)
     Euphonia luteicapilla  (monotypic)
     
     
468. Yellow-throated Euphonia ______ 8
     Euphonia hirundinacea gnatho
     
     
469. Olive-backed Euphonia ______ 14
     Euphonia gouldi praetermissa
     
     
470. White-vented Euphonia ______  6
     Euphonia minuta humilis
     
     
471. Tawny-capped Euphonia ______ 12  (total range from Costa Rica to northwestern Colombia)
     Euphonia a. anneae
     
     
472. Elegant Euphonia ______ 7  (was called the Blue-hooded Euphonia when the expanded species included the Antillean Euphonia of the West Indies and the Golden-rumped Euphonia of South America)
     Euphonia e. elegantissma
     
     
473. Golden-browed Chlorophonia ______ 12  (was at one time considered conspecifc with the Blue-crowned Chlorophonia of northern Central America)  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Chlorophonia callophrys  (monotypic)
     
     
474. House Sparrow (i) ______ 26
     Passer domesticus
     
     
475. Lesser Goldfinch ______ 6
     Carduelis psaltria colombiana
     
     
476. Black-and-white Warbler ______ 21
     Mniotilta varia  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 
     
     
477. Prothonotary Warbler ______ 11
     Protonotaria citrea  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 
     
     
478. Worm-eating Warbler ______  2
     Helmitheros vermivorus  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
     
     
479. Golden-winged Warbler ______  16
     Vermivora chrysoptera
     
     
480. Blue-winged Warbler (CRr) ______  1
     Vermivora pinus
     
     
481. Tennessee Warbler ______ 21
     Vermivora peregrina
     
     
482. Flame-throated Warbler ______  13  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Parula gutturalis
     
     
483. Northern Parula (CRr) ______ 1
     Parula americana  (monotypic)
     
     
484. Tropical Parula ______ 17
     Parula pitiayumi speciosa
     
     
485. Yellow Warbler ______  23
     Dendroica petechia 
     
     
486. Mangrove Warbler ______ 16  (was considered part of the Yellow Warbler)
     Dendroica erithachorides 
     
     
487. Magnolia Warbler ______ 4
     Dendroica magnolia
     
     
488. Cape May Warbler (CRr) ______  1
     Dendroica tigrina  (monotypic)
     
     
489. Black-throated Blue Warbler (CRr) ______ 4
     Dendroica caerulescens
     
     
490. "Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warbler ______ 4
     Dendroica c. coronata
     
     
491. Yellow-throated Warbler ______ 2
     Dendroica dominica albilora
     
     
492. Chestnut-sided Warbler ______ 24
     Dendroica pensylvanica
     
     
493. Hermit Warbler (CRr) ______ 2
     Dendroica occidentalis
     
     
494. Black-throated Green Warbler ______ 21
     Dendroica v. virens
     
     
495. Prairie Warbler ______ 2
     Dendroica discolor
     
     
496. Cerulean Warbler ______  1
     Dendroica cerulea
     
     
497. Blackburnian Warbler ______ 17
     Dendroica fusca
     
     
498. Bay-breasted Warbler ______ 3
     Dendroica castanea
     
     
499. American Redstart ______ 13
     Setophaga ruticilla
     
     
500. Ovenbird ______ 5
     Seiurus aurocapillus
     
     
501. Northern Waterthrush ______  22
     Seiurus noveboracensis
     
     
502. Louisiana Waterthrush ______  9
     Seiurus motacilla
     
     
503. Common Yellowthroat ______ 3
     Geothlypis trichas
     
     
504. Olive-crowned Yellowthroat ______ 11
     Geothlypis semiflava
     
     
505. Gray-crowned Yellowthroat ______ 16  (other names have been "Ground Chat" and "Meadow Warbler")
     Chamaethlypis poliocephala  (3 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Chamaethlypis poliocephala palpebralis  (north CR)
     Chamaethlypis poliocephala icterotis  (west CR)
     
     
506. Kentucky Warbler ______ 7
     Oporornis formosus
     
     
507. Mourning Warbler ______  13
     Oporornis philadelphia
     
     
508. MacGillivrays' Warbler ______  2
     Oporornis tolmiei
     
     
509. Wilson's Warbler ______ 24
     Wilsonia pusilla
     
     
510. Canada Warbler ______ 5
     Wilsonia canadensis
     
     
511. Slate-throated Whitestart  ______ 24  (has been called Slate-throated Redstart)
     Myioborus miniatus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Myioborus miniatus comptus  (west CR)
     Myioborus miniatus aurantiacus  (east CR)
     
     
512. Collared Whitestart  ______ 23  (has been called Collared Redstart) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Myioborus torquatus  (monotypic) 
     
     
513. Stripe-crowned Warbler ______ 8  (has been called Golden-crowned Warbler)
     Basileuterus culcivorus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Basileuterus c. culcivorus  (north CR)
     
     
514. Chestnut-capped Warbler ______ 17  (has been said by some to be conspecific with the Rufous-capped Warbler of northern Central America)
     Basileuterus delattrii  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Basileuterus d. delattrii  (northern CR) 
     
     
515. Black-cheeked Warbler ______  9  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Basileuterus m. melanogernys
     
     
516. Three-striped Warbler ______ 7
     Basileuterus tristriatus chitrensis
     
     
517. Buff-rumped Warbler ______  18  (closely related to the Riverbank Warbler of South America)
     Phaeothlypis fulvicauda  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Phaeothlypis fulvicauda leucopygia  (most of CR)
     
     
518. Wrenthrush ______ 4
     Zeledonia coronata  (monotypic)
     
     
519. Chestnut-headed Oropendola ______  10
     Zarhynchus wagleri ridgwayi
     
     
520. Montezuma Oropendola ______ 19
     Psarocolius montezuma  (monotypic)  
     
     
521. Scarlet-rumped Cacique ______ 14
     Cacicus microrhynchus microrhynchus
     
     
522. Yellow-billed Cacique ______ 6
     Amblycercus (formerly Cacicus) h. holosericeus
     
     
523. Yellow-tailed Oriole ______ 2
     Icterus mesomelas salvinii
     
     
524. Spot-breasted Oriole ______  5
     Icterus pectoralis espinachi  
     
     
525. Streak-backed Oriole ______  15
     Icteus pustulatus sclateri
     
     
526. Baltimore Oriole ______ 24  (was merged for a while with the Bullock's Oriole and was then called the Northern Oriole)
     Icterus galbula  (monotypic)
     
     
527. Bullock's Oriole ______ 3  (was merged for a while with the Baltimore Oriole and was then called the Northern Oriole)
     Icteus bullockii  (monotypic)
     
     
528. Orchard Oriole ______ 12
     Icterus s. spurius
     
     
529. Black-cowled Oriole ______ 13  (formerly conspecific with Caribbean population that is now called Greater Antillean Oriole, Icterus dominicensis) 
     Icterus prosthemelas
     
     
530. Red-winged Blackbird ______ 13
     Agelaius phoeniceus grinnelli
     
     
531. Eastern Meadowlark ______ 24
     Sturnella magna subulata
     
     
532. Melodious Blackbird ______  2  (this species of northern Central America was first recorded in Costa Rica in 1987; now it's widespread and fairly common in the country)
     Dives dives  (monotypic)
     
     
533. Great-tailed Grackle ______  27
     Quiscalus mexicanus peruvianus
     
     
534. Nicaraguan Grackle (nt) ______ 2  (total range limited to southern Nicaragua & northern Costa Rica)
     Quiscalus nicaraguensis  (monotypic)
     
     
535. Bronzed Cowbird ______ 22   
     Molothrus a. aeneus
     
     
536. Giant Cowbird ______ 3
     Molothrus (formerly Scaphidura) oryzivorus impacifa
     
     
537. Bananaquit ______  25
     Coereba flaveola mexicana
     
     
538. Orange-billed Sparrow ______ 14
     Arremon aurantiirostris  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Arremon a. aurantiirostris  (west CR)
     Arremon aurantiirostris rufidorsalis  (otherwise in CR)
     
     
539. "Pacific" Olive Sparrow ______ 9  (3 forms of Olive Sparrow are closely related. May be conspecific. May not be.)
     Arremonops rufivirgatus superciliosus
     
     
540. Black-striped Sparrow ______ 24  (has been considered conspecific with Green-backed Sparrow)
     Arremonops conirostris richmondi  
     
     
541. White-eared Ground-Sparrow ______ 6
     Melozone l. leucotis
     
     
542. Grasshopper Sparrow ______ 1
     Ammodramus savannarum bimaculatus
     
     
543. Rusty Sparrow ______ 1
     Aimophila rufescens hypaethrus
     
     
544. Stripe-headed Sparrow ______ 16  (has also been called Russet-tailed Sparrow)
     Aimophila r. ruficauda
     
     
545. Volcano Junco ______ 10  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Junco vulcani  (monotypic)
     
     
546. Rufous-collared Sparrow ______  27
     Zonotrichia capensis costaricensis
     
     
547. Common Bush Tanager ______ 25
     Chlorospingus ophthalmicus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Chlorospingus ophthalmicus regionalis  (east CR)
     
     
548. Sooty-capped Bush Tanager ______ 21  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Chlorospingus p. pileatus
     
     
549. Ashy-throated Bush Tanager ______  1
     Chlorospingus canigularis olivaceiceps
     
     
550. Black-and-yellow Tanager ______ 8  (total range limited to Costa Rica & Panama)
     Chrysothlypis chrysomelas titanota
     
     
551. Dusky-faced Tanager ______ 3
     Mitrospingus cassinii costaridensis
     
     
552. Gray-headed Tanager ______ 7
     Eucometis penicillata  (the single member of its genus) (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Eucometis penicillata spodocephala  (west CR)
     
     
553. White-throated Shrike-Tanager _____ 3  (total range from eastern Honduras to Panama)
     Lanio leucothorax  (3 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Lanio l. leucothorax  (east CR)
     Lanio leucothorax reversus  (northwest CR)
     
     
554. White-shouldered Tanager ______  9
     Tachyphonus luctuosus axillaris
     
     
555. Tawny-crested Tanager ______ 8
     Tachyphonus delatrii  (monotypic)
     
     
556. White-lined Tanager ______ 15
     Tachyphonus rufus  (monotypic)
     
     
557. Carmiol's Tanager ______ 3  (was considered conspecific with Olive Tanager of South America)
     Chlorothraupis c. carmioli
     
     
558. Red-crowned Ant Tanager ______  4
     Habia rubica  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Habia rubica alfaroana  (northwest CR)
     Habia rubica vinacea  (south & west CR) 
     
     
559. Red-throated Ant Tanager ______  2
     Habia f. fuscicauda
     
     
560. Tooth-billed Tanager ______ 12  (has been part of the more-northerly Hepatic Tanager, Piranga hepatica, and what's now the more-southerly Red Tanager, Piranga flava, in South America) 
     Piranga lutea testacea
     
     
561. Summer Tanager ______ 23
     Piranga r. rubra
     
     
562. Scarlet Tanager ______ 6
     Piranga olivacea  (monotypic)
     
     
563. Western Tanager ______ 11
     Piranga ludoviciana  (monotypic)
     
     
564. Flame-colored Tanager ______  14  (another name has been Streak-backed Tanager)
     Piranga bidentata citrea
     
     
565. White-winged Tanager ______ 6
     Piranga leucoptera latifasciata
     
     
566. Crimson-collared Tanager ______ 15
     Phlogothraupis sanguinolenta  (the single member of its genus, although has been said to be the genus Ramphocelus)
     
     
567. Passerini's Tanager ______  20  (when conspecific with the Cherrie's Tanager, was called Scarlet-rumped Tanager)
     Ramphocelus passerini  
     
     
568. Blue-gray Tanager ______  27
     Thraupis episcopus cana
     
     
569. Palm Tanager ______ 26
     Thraupis palmarum atripennis
     
     
570. Blue-and-gold Tanager (nt) ______ 7  (total range limited to Costa Rica & Panama)
     Bangsia (formerly Buthraupis) arcaei careruleigularis
     
     
571. Plain-colored Tanager ______ 2  (total range from Costa Rica to northern Colombia) 
     Tangara inornata rava
     
     
572. Emerald Tanager ______ 4
     Tangara f. florida
     
     
573. Silver-throated Tanager ______  23
     Tangara icterocephala frantzii  
     
     
574. Speckled Tanager ______  10
     Tangara guttata eusticta  
     
     
575. Bay-headed Tanager ______  21
     Tangara gyrola bangsi 
     
     
576. Golden-hooded Tanager ______  26 (an alternate name of "Golden-masked Tanager" is inappropriate; closely related, however, to the Masked Tanager of South America)
     Tangara larvata  (3 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Tangara l. larvata  (north CR)
     Tangara larvata centralis  (east CR)
     Tangara larvata franciscae  (west CR) 
     
     
577. Spangle-cheeked Tanager ______ 15  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Tangara dowii  (monotypic)
     
     
578. Scarlet-thighed Dacnis ______ 19
     Dacnis v. venusta 
     
     
579. Blue Dacnis ______  17
     Dacnis cayana callaina
     
     
580. Green Honeycreeper ______  23
     Chlorophanes spiza arguta 
     
     
581. Shining Honeycreeper ______ 14
     Cyanerpes lucidus isthmicus
     
     
582. Red-legged Honeycreeper ______ 22
     Cyanerpes cyaneus carneipes  
     
     
583. Slaty Flower-piercer ______ 21  (closely related to Rusty Flower-Piercer of South America) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Diglossa p. plumbea
     
     
584. Yellow-faced Grassquit ______  25
     Tiuaris olivacea pusillus
     
     
585. White-collared Seedeater ______  18
     Sporophila torqueola morelleti
     
     
586. Variable Seedeater ______ 16  (including the "Black" Variable Seedeater, on the Caribbean side of Costa Rica, once considered a distinct species)  
     Sporophila corvina  (formerly Sporophila aurita)
     
     
587. Ruddy-breasted Seedeater ______   5
     Sporophila minuta  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Sporophila minuta parva  (north CR)
     
     
588. Thick-billed Seed Finch ______ 19  (was conspecific with what's now the Chestnut-bellied Seed-Finch of South America, Oryzoborus angolensis, and was then called the Lesser Seed Finch) 
     Oryzoborus funereus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Oryzoborus funereus salvini  (most of CR)
     
     
589. Blue-black Grassquit ______  27
     Volatinia jacarina splendens  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
590. Large-footed Finch ______ 12  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Pezopetes capitalis  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
     
     
591. Yellow-thighed Finch ______  18  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Pselliophorrus tibialis  (monotypic)
     
     
592. Yellow-throated Brush Finch ______ 12  (has been merged by some with the more-southerly White-naped Brush Finch, Atlapetes albinucha)
     Atlapetes gutturalis
     
     
593. Chestnut-capped Brush-Finch ______  9
     Buarremon (formerly Atlapetes) brunneinucha  
     
     
594. Sooty-faced Finch ______ 2  (total range is Costa Rica & Panama)
     Lysurus crassirostris  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
     
     
595. Black-headed Saltator ______  12
     Saltator a. atriceps  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     
     
596. Buff-throated Saltator ______ 25
     Saltator maximus  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Saltator maximus magnoides  (most of CR) 
     
     
597. "Northern" Grayish Saltator ______  11
     Saltator coerulescens brevicaudus
     
     
598. Black-faced Grosbeak ______ 11
     Caryothraustes poliogaster scapularis
     
     
599. Slate-colored Grosbeak ______ 1
     Saltator (formerly Pitylus) grossus  
     
     
600. Black-thighed Grosbeak ______ 14  (closely related to the more-northerly  Mexican Yellow-Grosbeak, Pheucticus chrysopeplus, and the more-southerly Southern Yellow-Grosbeak, Pheuticus chrysogaster, of South America) (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Pheucticus tibialis  (monotypic)
     
     
601. Rose-breasted Grosbeak ______ 21
     Pheucticus ludovicianus  (monotypic)
     
     
602. Blue Grosbeak ______ 6
     Passerina (formerly Guiraca) caerulea lazula
     
     
603. Blue-black Grosbeak ______  13
     Cyanocompsa cyanoides caerulescens
     
     
604. Indigo Bunting ______ 4
     Passerina cyanea  (monotypic)
     
     
605. Painted Bunting ______  7
     Passerina ciris pallidior