CENTRAL AMERICA
BIRDS

Manakins to Thrashers
 
Noting those found during 
Focus On Nature Tours
with an (*)  

1991 thru 2015 

during the months of January, 
 February, March, April, July, December


Part 3 of a Central America Bird List with some Photos, 
compiled by Armas Hill 


Photo at upper right: LONG-TAILED MANAKIN

Codes:

(t): a globally threatened or rare species, designated by Birdlife International
 (t1): critical     (t2): endangered     (t3): vulnerable
(nt): a near-threatened species globally

In the list that follows, relating to sightings during FONT tours, the country & the months are noted in maroon coloration.

BZ:    in Belize
CR:    in Costa Rica    
GU:    in Guatemala
HN:    in Honduras
PN:    in Panama

(CAi):  introduced species in Central America
(CAr):  a rare species in Central America

(ph):  species with a photo in the FONT web-site

Links to Bird Groupings in this part of this list:

Manakins    Sapayoa    Schiffornis    Becards    Cotingas    Tityras & Speckled Mourner    

Tyrant-Flycatchers    Antbirds    Tapaculo    Furnarids    Woodcreepers    Vireos & Allies    

Jays & Raven    Silky-Flycatchers & Waxwing    Swallows & Martins    Bushtit & Kinglet    

Wrens    Gnatcatchers, Gnatwrens, Brown Creeper    Thrashers

Links to Other Parts of this Central American Bird List:

Part #1: Tinamous to Doves     Part #2: Macaws to Woodpeckers    Part #4: Thrushes to Buntings

Links to Lists of Birds in:   Belize    Costa Rica    Guatemala    Honduras    Panama

Mammals    Butterflies, Moths    Amphibians, Reptiles    Marine life, inc. Fish, Crustaceans

Links to Information about Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours 

in Central America     by month, in:  2015   2016   or:   by geographic location

Other Links:

FONT Past Tour Highlights

Directory of Photos in this Website

 Birds:


       MANAKINS

499. Red-capped Manakin  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  PN:feb,mar,jui,aug,nov
     Ceratopipra mentalis  (formerly Pipra mentalis)  
     Ceratopipra m. mentalis  (subspecies in eastern Costa Rica)
     Ceratopipra mentalis ignifera  (subspecies in western Costa Rica)
     
      
     
     An adult male Red-capped Manakin
     (photo by Ruben Campos)
     
     
500. White-crowned Manakin ______
     Pipra pipra
     
     
501. Blue-crowned Manakin  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:mar,jul,aug,nov
     Lepidothrix (formerly Pipra) coronata velutina
     
     
502. Lance-tailed Manakin  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Chiroxiphia lanceolata  (monotypic)
     
     
503. Long-tailed Manakin  (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,apr,jul,dec
     Chiroxiphia linearis fastuosa
     
     
     
     Long-tailed Manakin
     
     
504. White-ruffed Manakin  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb
     Corapipo altera (formerly leucorrhoa, that's now the scientific name of the formerly conspecific White-bibbed Manakin of northern South America) 
     Corapipo a. altera  (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
     Corapipo altera heteroleuca  (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica) 
     
     
     
     White-ruffed Manakin
     
     
505. Orange-collared Manakin  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Manacus aurantiacus 
     
     The Orange-collared Manakin has been considered conspcific with the White-collared Manakin (below), and with the Golden-collared Manakin of Panama (also below). 
     These 3 Central American manakins are closely related to the White-bearded Manakin, Manacus manacus, of South America.     
     
     
506. White-collared Manakin  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may  HN:apr
     Manacus candei
     
     
     
     A White-collared Manakin photographed during a FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
507. Golden-collared Manakin  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Manacus v. vitellinus
     
     
508. Green Manakin  (*)  ______  PN:jul
     Xenopipra (formerly Chloropipa) holochora  
     
     
     SAPAYOA
     
     
509. Broad-billed Sapayoa  (*) ______  PN:feb,aug
     Sapayoa aenigma  (monotypic)
     
     
     SCHIFFORNIS
     
     
510. Northern Schiffornis  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  HN:dec  
     Schiffornis veraepacis
     
     The Northern Schiffornis was part of the Thrush-like Schiffornis. The former Thrush-like Schiffornis was previously called the Thrush-like Mourner or the Thrush-like Manakin, but the bird was neither a mourner nor a manakin.
     
     Now, what was the Thrush-like Schiffornis has been split into 5 species in Central & South America. 
     
     The geographic range of the Schiffornis veraepacis is in Central America from western Panama northward. In South America, it is in the choco region of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.  
     
     The Northern Schiffornis is a darker olive-brown coloration, whereas the Rufous-winged Schiffornis (below) is a lighter brown.
     
     
511. Rufous-winged Schiffornis  (*)  ______  PN:jul,nov
     Schiffornis stenorhyncha 
     
     An alternate name for Schiffornis stenorhyncha is the Slender-billed Schiffornis.
     
     The geographic range of Schiffornis stenorhyncha is central Panama to Colombia and western Venezuela. 
     
     
     BECARDS
     
     
512. Barred Becard  (*) ______  CR:mar.apr
     Pachyramphus versicolor costaricensis
     
     
513. Cinnamon Becard  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan  HN:dec  PN:feb,jul,aug
     Pachyramphus cinnamomeus fulvidior
     
     
514. One-colored Becard  (*) ______  PN:feb,jul
     Pachyramphus h. homochrous
     
     
515. White-winged Becard  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  HN:apr,dec  PN:mar
     Pachyramphus polychopterus similis
     
     
516. Black-and-white Becard  (*) ______  CR:mar  PN:feb
     Pachyramphus albogriseus ornatus
     
     
517. Rose-throated Becard  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb
     Pachyramphus aglaiae latirostris  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     
     
518. Gray-collared Becard  (*)  ______  BZ:mar  GU:mar
     Pachyramphus major matudai
     
     
     COTINGAS
     
     
519. Rufous Piha  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,dec/jan  GU  PN:aug
     Lipaugus u. unirufus
     
     
520. Sharpbill  (*) ______
     Oxyruncus cristatus   (the single member of its genus)
     
     
521. Turquoise Cotinga  (t3) (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Cotinga ridgwayi  (monotypic)
     
     
     
     Turquoise Cotinga
     
     
522. Blue Cotinga  (*) ______  PN:mar,aug
     Cotinga nattererii   (monotypic) 
     
     
523. Lovely Cotinga  (*)  ______  HN:feb,dec
     Cotinga amabilis
     
     
524. Snowy Cotinga (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  HN:feb  (total range from northern Honduras to western Panama)
     Carpodectes nitidus  (monotypic)
     
     
525. Yellow-billed Cotinga  (t2) (*) ______  CR:jan  (an alternate name for this rare regional endemic has been "Antonia's Cotinga")  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Carpodectes antoniae  (monotypic)
     
     
526. Purple-throated Fruitcrow  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Querula purpurata
     
     
527. Bare-necked Umbrellabird  (t2) (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,mar,jul,dec  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Cephalopterus glabricollis  (monotypic)
     
     
     
     Up in the canopy of a Costa Rican rainforest, the of the Bare-necked Umbrellabird,
     with some of the red of its throat visible.
     This photo was taken during an early FONT tour, before the days of digital photography. 
     (photo by Alan Brady)
     
     
528. Three-wattled Bellbird  (t3) (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar  (total range from eastern Honduras to western Panama) 
     Procnias tricarunculata  (monotypic)
     
     
     PIPRITES
     
     
529. Gray-headed Piprites  (nt) (*) ______  CR:jul,dec/jan  GU:jan  (total range from eastern Guatemala to western Panama)
     Piprites griseiceps  (monotypic)
     
     Piprites griseiceps has been called the Gray-headed Manakin, but it is not a manakin. 
     
     
     TITYRAS and SPECKLED MOURNER
     
     
530. Masked Tityra  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  PN:feb,mar,aug  HN:feb,mara,apr,dec
     Tityra semifasciata costaricensis
     
     
531. Black-crowned Tityra  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,may,jun  HN:dec  PN:jul
     Tityra inquisitor fraserii 
     
     
532. Speckled Mourner  (*)  ______  PN:jul
     Laniocera rufescens 
     
     The Speckled Mourner is now placed in the TITYRIDAE family. It was traditionally in the Cotinga family, COTINGIDAE.   
     
     
     TYRANT FLYCATCHERS
     
     
533. Black Phoebe  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar  PN:feb,mar
     Sayornis nigricans amnicola
     
     
534. Pied Water Tyrant  (*) ______  PN:feb
     Fluvicola p. pica
     
     
535. Long-tailed Tyrant  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  PN:feb,jul,aug,nov
     Colonia colonus leuconota  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
536. Scissor-tailed Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,mar,dec
     Tyrannus forficatus  (monotypic)  
     
     
537. Fork-tailed Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  HN:feb,apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Tyrannus savana monachus
     
     
     
     A Fork-tailed Flycatcher photographed during a FONT tour in Belize 
     (photo by Alan Brady)
     
     
538. Eastern Kingbird  (*) (ph) ______  CR:apr  GU:apr  HN:apr  PN:mar,nov
     Tyrannus tyrannus  (monotypic)
     
     
     
     The Eastern Kingbird has been seen in large numbers in migration
     during FONT tours in Panama.
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
539. Western Kingbird  (*) (ph)  ______   CR:dec/jan  GU:mar,dec
     Tyrannus verticlis  (monotypic)
     
     
540. Tropical Kingbird  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa
     
     
     
     Tropical Kingbird
     
     
541. Couch's Kingbird  (*)  (ph)  ______  BZ:mar,apr  GU
     Tyrannus couchii
     
     
     
     Couch's Kingbird
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
542. Cassin's Kingbird  (*)  ______  GU:mar,apr
     Tyrannus v. vociferans
     
     
543. Gray Kingbird  (ph) ______  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar,nov
     Tyrannus dominicensis
     
     In Costa Rica, the Gray Kingbird is a very rare passage migrant along the Caribbean coast, in March & April and in September & early October. Mostly, they are single birds among flocks of Eastern Kingbirds.    
     
     
     
     A Gray Kingbird photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
544. Crowned Slaty-Flycatcher  (CAr)  ______
     Griseotyrannus auraantioatrocristatus
     
     A Crowned Slaty-Flycatcher was found in Panama on December 1, 2007 in foothills on the Pacific slope about 40 kilometers from Panama City.
     That bird, a species normally in South America, was a first record for both Panama and Central America. 
     
     
545. Piratic Flycatcher  (*) ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:feb,mar  GU:apr  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Legatus leucophaius  (the single member of its genus)  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica: L. l. variegatus & L. l. leucophaius)
     
     
546. White-ringed Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul  
     Conopias (formerly Corytriccus) albovittatus distinctus 
     
     The White-ringed Flycatcher is closely related to the Yellow-throated Flycatcher of South America. 
     
     
547. Boat-billed Flycatcher  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Megarynchus pitangua mexicanus
     
     
548. Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul  GU:apr,jun,jul  HN:apr  PN:oct
     Myiodynastes luteiventris  (monotypic)
     
     
549. Streaked Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:apr,jun  HN:mar  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct
     Myiodynastes masulatus insolens
     
     
     
     A Streaked Flycatcher photographed during a FONT tour in Panama.
     The bird is drying after a tropical rain in, after all, the rainforest.
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
550. Golden-bellied Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Myiodynastes hemichrysus  (monotypic)
     
     
551. Gray-capped Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Myiozetetes g. granadensis
     
     
552. Social Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr.jul,dec  GU:jan.feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Myiozetetes similis 
     Myiozetetes similis texensis  (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
     Myiozetetes similis columbianus  (subspecies in southern Costa Rica)
     
     
     
     Social Flycatcher
     (photo by Alan Brady)
     
     
553. Rusty-margined Flycatcher  (CRr) (*)  ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,nov
     Myiozetetes cayanensis
     
     The Rusty-margined Flycatcher, mostly a bird of South America, is new to Costa Rica. It was first found there in April 2004, and nesting of the species was noted in March 2006. Sightings have been in the southern Pacific lowlands, north to Gamba, and near Pavones.   
     
     
554. Great Kiskadee  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Pitangus sulphuratus guatimalensis
     
     
     
     A Great Kiskadee photographed during a FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
555. Lesser Kiskadee  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Pitangus (formerly Philohydor) lictor panamensis
     
     
556. Rufous Mourner  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  PN:aug
     Rhytipterna h. holerythra
     
     
557. Panama Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Myiarchus panamensis actiosus (subspecies endemic to Costa Rica)
     
     
558. Brown-crested Flycatcher  (*) ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr
     Myiarchus tyrannulus brachyurus
     
     
559. Nutting's Flycatcher  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,apr,jun  
     Myiarchus nuttingi flavidior
     
     Another name for Myiarchus nuttingi is the "Pale-throated Flycatcher".  
     
     
     
     A Nutting's Flycatcher photographed during the FONT tour
     in northern Costa Rica in March 2012
     (photo by Virginia Woodhouse)  
     
     
560. Yucatan Flycatcher  (*)  ______  GU:feb,apr,jun
     Myiarchus y. yucatanensis
     
     
561. Great Crested Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,nov
     Myiarchus crinitus  (monotypic)
     
     
562. Dusky-capped Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Myiarchus tuberculifer connectens
     
     
     
     Dusky-capped Flycatcher
     (photo by Dick Tipton)
     
     
563. Ash-throated Flycatcher  (ph) ______  GU:feb,apr,dec
     Myiarchus cinerascens
     
     In Costa Rica, the Ash-throated Flycatcher is very rare. There's an old record from March 1934, and a recent report from Punta Uva in Limon in October 2001.
     
     
564. Bright-rumped Attila  (*) (ph) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Attila spadiceus citreopyga
     
     
     
     A Bright-rumped Attila photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
565. Western Sirystes  (*) ______  PN:mar
     Airystes albogriseus
     
     
566. Olive-sided Flycatcher  (nt) (*)  ______  CR:jan,mar,apr,dec  GU:apr  PN:oct 
     Contopus cooperi  (formerly in genus Nuttallornis, with its previous scientific name, for a long time, borealis)
     
     An alternate name for Contopus cooperi would be the "Boreal Pewee".
     
     
567. Eastern Wood Pewee  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,may  PN:feb,oct,nov
     Contopus virens  (monotypic)
     
     
568. Western Wood Pewee  (*) ______  CR:mar  GU:apr  HN:mar,apr,dec  PN:mar
     Contopus sordidulus  (4 subspecies migrate through Costa Rica)
     
     
569. Tropical Pewee  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,may,jul,dec  HN:mar,dec  PN:mar,jul,aug
     Contopus cinereus 
     Contopus cinereus rhizophorus  (subspecies in western Costa Rica)
     Contopus cinereus brachytarsus  (subspecies elsewhere in Costa Rica) 
     
       
     
     A Tropical Pewee photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner) 
     
     
570. Greater Pewee  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:apr,dec
     Contopus p. pertinax
     
     
571. Dark Pewee  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Contopus lugubris  (monotypic)
     
     The Dark Pewee and the Greater Pewee of northern South America were previously considered conspecific with the Smoke-colored Pewee of South America. 
     
     
572. Ochraceous Pewee  (nt) (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Contopus ochraceus  (monotypic)
     
     
573. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher  (*) ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Empidonax flaviventris  (monotypic)
     
     
574. Acadian Flycatcher  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR  GU:apr  HN:mar,apr  PN:mar,aug,nov
     Empidonax virescens  (monotypic)
     
     
575. Willow Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:apr,dec  PN:feb
     Empidonax t. trailii
     
     
576. Alder Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar  GU:apr
     Empidonax alnorum  (monotypic)
     
     
577. Least Flycatcher  (*)  ______  BZ:mar  CR:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Empidonax minimus
     
     
578. Hammond's Flycatcher  (*)  ______  GU:feb,apr,dec
     Empidonax hammondii
     
     
579. Buff-breasted Flycatcher  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Empidonax fulvifrons fusciceps
     
     
580. Pine Flycatcher  (*)  ______  GU:apr
     Empidonax affinis trepidus
     
     
581. Yellowish Flycatcher  (*)  ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar
     Empidonax f. flavescens
     
     
582. Black-capped Flycatcher  (*)  ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Empidonax atriceps  (monotypic)
     
     
583. White-throated Flycatcher  (*)  ______  GU:apr,jun,dec  HN:feb,dec
     Empidonax albigularis
     
     
584. Vermilion Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar,apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
     Pyrocephalus rubinus blatteus 
     
     
     
     Vermilion Flycatchers; male above, female below
     (upper photo by Howard Eskin; lower photo by Marie Gardner during a FONT tour)
     
     
     
     
     
585. Northern Tufted Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar
     Mitrephanes phaeocercus auraantiiventris
     
     
586. Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Terenotriccus erythrurus fulvigularis  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
587. Bran-colored Flycatcher  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar
     Mylophobus fasciatus furfurosus  
     
     
588. Black-tailed Myiobius  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:mar  
     Myiobius a. atricaudus
     
     The Black-tailed Myiobius has been known as the Black-tailed Flycatcher.
     
     
589. Sulphur-rumped Myiobius  (*)  ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  HN:dec  PN:aug
     Myiobius sulphureipygius  
     
     The Sulphur-rumped Myiobius has been known as the Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher. It is closely related to the Whiskered Myiobius of South America, with which it was conspecific.  
     
     
590. White-throated Spadebill  (*) ______  CR:mar
     Platyrinchus mystaceus
     
     
591. Stub-tailed Spadebill  (*) ______  CR:apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:dec   
     Platyrinchus cancrominus 
     
     The Stub-tailed Spadebill is virtually identical to the White-throated Spadebill (above). They are best told apart by habitat and voice. 
     In northwestern Costa Rica, in evergreen forests, the Stub-tailed Spadebill is the only spadebill. 
     
     
592. Golden-crowned Spadebill  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan
     Platyrinchus coronatus
     
     
593. Northern Royal Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,apr  CR:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Onychorhynchus mexicanus
     
     
     
     Northern Royal Flycatcher
     
     
594. Brownish Twistwing  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Cnipodectes subbrunneus panamensis
     
     
595. Yellow-olive Flatbill  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar,jul 
     Tolmomyias sulphurescns cinereiceps 
     
     The Yellow-olive Flatbill has been known as the Yellow-olive Flycatcher.
     
     
596. Yellow-margined Flatbill  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug  
     Tolmomyias flavotectus 
     
     The Yellow-margined Flatbill has been known as the Yellow-margined Flycatcher. It is closely related to the Zimmer's Flatbill of South America, with which it was considered conspecific.  
     
     
597. Yellow-breasted Flatbill  (*)  ______  PN:jul
     Tolmomyias flaviventris
     
     The Yellow-breasted Flatbill has been known as the Yellow-breasted Flycatcher. 
     
     
598. Eye-ringed Flatbill  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr
     Rhynchocyclus brevirostris
     
     
599. Olivaceous Flatbill  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Rhynchocyclus olivaceus bardus
     
     
600. Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  GU  PN:mar
     Todirostrum nigriceps
     
     
601. Common Tody-Flycatcher  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:apr,dec  HN:apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Todirostrum cinereum
     
     
     
     A Common Tody-Flycatcher photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
602. Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan.feb,mar,apr  PN:mar,aug
     Poecilotriccus sylvia  (formerly Todirostrum sylvia)
     
     
     
     A Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
603. Northern Bentbill  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  GU:jan,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:mar  PN:feb  
     Oncostoma cinereigulare 
     
     The Northern Bentbill has been by some considered conspecific with the Southern Bentbill (below) of Panama & northern South America. 
     
     
604. Southern Bentbill  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Oncostoma olivaceum  (monotypic)
     
     
605. Scale-crested Pygmy Tyrant  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr
     Lophotriccus pileatus
     
     
606. Black-capped Pygmy Tyrant  (*) ______  CR:mar  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug 
     Myiornis atricapillus 
     
     The Black-capped Pygmy Tyrant is closely related to the Short-tailed Pygmy Tyrant of South America.  
     
     
607. Pale-eyed Pygmy Tyrant  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Atalotriccus pilaris wilcoxi  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
608. Cocos Flycatcher ______  (endemic to the Cocos Islands, well offshore from mainland Costa Rica, in the Pacific Ocean)
     Nesotriccus ridgwayi  (the single member of its genus) 
     
     
609. Yellow Tyrannulet  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Capsiempis flaveola
     
     
610. Yellow-green Tyrannulet  (*) ______  PN:mar,aug
     Phylloscartes flavovirens  (monotypic) 
     
     The Yellow-green Tyrannulet is one of only a dozen birds (or less) endemic to Panama. 
      
     
611. Torrent Tyrannulet  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar
     Serpophage cinerea
     
     
     
     Torrent Tyrannulet, photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
612. Yellow-bellied Elaenia  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:mar,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Elaenia flavogaster subpagana
     
     
     
     Yellow-bellied Elaenia, photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
613. Lesser Elaenia  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  PN:feb,mar,nov
     Elaenia chiriquensis
     
     
614. Mountain Elaenia  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul  GU:mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:dec  PN:feb,mar
     Elaenia frantzii
     
     
615. Greenish Elaenia  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,jul  GU:jan,mar  HN;feb,apr  PN:feb,jul
     Myiopagis viridicata
     
     
616. Forest Elaenia  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Myiopagis gaimardii macilivainii
     
     
617. Northern Scrub Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul  PN:feb,mar   
     Sublegatus arenarum 
     
     The Northern Scrub Flycatcher was conspecific with the Southern Scrub Flycatcher and the Amazonian Scrub Flycatcher, both in South America. When so, the species was called the Scrub Flycatcher.   
     
     
618. Northern Beardless Tyrannulet  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,jun,dec
     Campostoma imberbe
     
     
619. Southern Beardless Tyrannulet  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Campostoma obsoletum
     
     
620. Mouse-colored Tyrannulet  (*)  ______   CR:mar  PN:feb
     Phaeomyias murina
     
     
621. Paltry Tyrannulet  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,apr,jul,dec  HN:mar  PN:feb,mar,jul
     Zimmerius vilissimus 
     
     The Paltry Tyrannulet has been called the "Mistletoe Tyrannulet". It is closely related to the Venezuelan Tyrannulet of northern South America, with which it was conspecific.  
     
     
622. Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Tyrannulus elatus
     
     
623. Yellow-bellied Tyrannulet  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:feb,mar  GU:jan,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:dec
     Ornithion semiflavum
     
     
624. Brown-capped Tyrannulet  (*)  ______   CR:mar  PN:feb,mar,jul,nov
     Ornithion brunneicapillus
     
     
625. White-fronted Tyrannulet  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:mar  
     Phyllomyias zeledoni 
     
     The White-fronted Tyrannulet has also been called the Zeledon's Tyrannulet. It was considered conspecific with the Rough-legged Tyrannulet of South America.
     
     
626. Sooty-headed Tyrannulet  (*)  ______  PN:jul
     Phyllomyias griseiceps
     
     
627. Rufous-browed Tyrannulet ______
     Phylloscartes superciliaris
     
     
628. Tawny-chested Flycatcher ______  (total range in Nicaragua & Costa Rica)
     Aphanotriccus capitalis
     
     
629. Bran-colored Flycatcher ______
     Myiophobus fasciatus 
     
     
630. Slaty-capped Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan
     Leptopogon superciliaris
     
     
631. Sepia-capped Flycatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun
     Leptopogon amaurocephalus
     
     
632. Olive-striped Flycatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan
     Mionectes o. olivaceus
     
     
633. Ochre-bellied Flycatcher  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  HN:dec  PN:feb,jul,aug
     Mionectes oleagineus dyscolus
     
     
     
     Ochre-bellied Flycatcher
     (photo by Leroy Tabb)
     
     
     ANTBIRDS
     
     
634. Fasciated Antshrike  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct
     Cymbilaimus lineatus fasciatus
     
     
635. Great Antshrike  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar
     Taraba major melanocrissus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
636. Barred Antshrike  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Thamnophilus doliatus pacificus  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     
     
     
     Above & below: Barred Antshrikes photographed during FONT tours
     (upper photo by Andy Smith, lower photo by Alan Brady)
     
     The lower photo was taken in days gone by when there may have been more birds,
     but there certainly were less digital cameras - there were none.
     
     
     
     
     
637. Black-hooded Antshrike  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Thamnophilus bridgesi  (monotypic)
     
     
638. Black-crowned Antshrike  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Thamnophilus atrinucha
     
     The Black-crowned Antshrike has been called the Western Slaty Antshrike, but genetic evidence has shown that it is not related to the South American slaty-antshrikes.  The change was made by the AOU (American Ornithologists Union) in 2013.
     
     
     
     A Black-crowned Antshrike photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
639. Black Antshrike  (*) ______  PN:feb
     Thamnophilus n. nigriceps 
     
     
640. Russet Antshrike  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:apr  HN:dec  PN:feb,mar,jul
     Thamnistes anabatinus saturatus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
641. Plain Antvireo  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  PN:mar,aug
     Dysithamnus mentalis septentrionalis
     
     
642. Streak-crowned Antvireo  (*) ______  CR:apr  (total range from southeastern Honduras to Costa Rica)
     Dysithamnus striaticeps  (monotypic)
     
     
643. Spot-crowned Antvireo  (*) ______  PN:aug
     Dysithamnus puncticeps
     
     
644. White-flanked Antwren  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  PN:mar
     Myrmotherula axillaris albigula
     
     
645. Slaty Antwren  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Myrmotherula s. schisticolor
     
     
646. Griscom's Antwren  (*) ______  PN:mar,nov 
     Myrmotherula ignota  
     
     The Griscom's Antwren has been considered consepcific with the Pygmy Antwren of South America.  
     
     
647. Checker-throated Antwren  (*) ______  CR:mar  PN:feb,mar,aug,nov  (the British spelling is "Chequer-throated")
     Epinecrophylla (formerly Myrmotherula) fulviventris costaricensis
     
     
648. Dot-winged Antwren  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Microrhopias quixensis virgatus  (the single member of its genus) 
     
     
649. Rufous-rumped Antwren  ______
     Euchrepomis (formerly Terenura) callinota
     
     
650. Dusky Antbird  (*) ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,jun  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Cercomacra tyrannina crepera
     
     
651. Bare-crowned Antbird  (*) ______  CR:dec/jan
     Gymnocichla nudiceps chiroleuca  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica) (the single member of its genus)
     
     
652. Chestnut-backed Antbird  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:mar,jul,aug,nov
     Myrmeciza exsul 
     Myrmeciza exsul occidentalis  (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica)
     Mymeciza e. exsul  (subspecies elsewhere in Costa Rica) 
     
     
653. Zeledon's Antbird  (*) ______  CR:apr
     Myrmeciza zeledoni 
     
     The Zeledon's Antbird has been split (by the AOU in 2013) from the Immaculate Antbird, Myrmeciza immaculata, of Colombia and Venezuela.
     Myrmeciza zeledoni ranges from Costa Rica to Ecuador. 
     
     
654. Dull-mantled Antbird  (*)  ______  PN:feb
     Mymeciza laemosticta
     
     
655. White-bellied Antbird  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul
     Myrmeciza longipes panamensis
     
     
656. Bicolored Antbird  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:mar,jul,aug
     Gymnopithys leucaspis olivascens 
     
     The Bicolored Antbird is considered conspecific with the "White-cheeked Antbird" of northern South America.  
     
     
657. Spotted Antbird  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Hylophylax naevioides capnitis
     
     
658. Ocellated Antbird  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  PN:mar
     Phaenostictus mcleannani saturatus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
659. Black-faced Antthrush  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar,aug,nov
     Formicarius analis  
     Formicarius analis hoffmanni  (subspecies in southern Costa Rica)
     Formicarius analis umbrosus  (subspecies elsewhere in Costa Rica)
     
     
660. Mayan Antthrush  (*)  ______  BZ:feb,apr  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul
     Formicarius monileger
     
     
661. Black-headed Antthrush  (*) ______  CR:dec/jan
     Formicarius n. nigricapillus
     
     
662. Rufous-breasted Antthrush  (*) ______  CR:mar
     Formicarius r. rufipectus
     
     
663. Ochre-breasted Antpitta ______
     Grallaricula flavirostris
     
     
664. Scaled Antpitta ______  GU:apr
     Grallaricula guatimalensis
     
     
665. Thicket Antpitta ______
     Hylopezus dives
     
     
666. Streak-chested Antpitta  (*)  ______  CR:mar  PN:feb,mar  (has also been called Spectacled Antpitta)
     Hylopezus perspicillatus
     
     
667. Black-crowned Antpitta ______
     Pittasoma michleri 
     
     
     TAPACULO
     
     
668. Silvery-fronted Tapaculo  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  PN:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Scytalopus a. argentifrons
     
     
     FURNARIDS
     
     
669. Spotted Barbtail  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Premnoplex brunnescens brunneicauda
     
     
670. Double-banded Graytail  (*) ______  PN:feb,jul
     Xenerpestes miniosi umbraticus
     
     
671. Rufous-breasted Spinetail  (*)  ______  BZ:apr  GU:mar,apr
     Synallaxis e. erythrothorax
     
     
672. Pale-breasted Spinetail  (*) ______  CR:dec/jan  PN:feb
     Synallaxis albescens latitabunda
     
     
673. Slaty Spinetail  (*) ______  CR:feb,apr,jul,dec/jan
     Synallaxis brachyura nigrofumosa
     
     
674. Red-faced Spinetail  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Cranioleuca erythrops rufigenis
     
     
675. Ruddy Treerunner  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Margarornis r. rubiginosus  
     
     
676. Buffy Tuftedcheek  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul 
     Pseudocolaptes l. lawrencii 
     
     The Buffy Tuftedcheek was considered conspecific with the Streaked Tuftedcheek and the Pacific Tuftedcheek, both in South America.  
     
     
677. Western Woodhaunter  (*)  ______  CR:dec/jan 
     Hyloctistes v. virgatus 
     
     The Western Woodhaunter was called the Striped Foliage-gleaner, and more recently the Striped Woodhaunter.
     It is now split from the Eastern Woodhaunter of South America. 
     
     
678. Lineated Foliage-gleaner  (*) ______  CR:mar  PN:feb
     Syundactyla subalaris lineata
     
     
679. Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb
     Anabacerthia v. variegaticeps 
     
     The Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner was called the Spectacled Foliage-gleaner.
     
     
680. Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner  (*) ______  CR:dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,apr,jun  HN:dec  PN:mar,jul,aug
     Automolus ochrolaemus hypophaeus 
     
     Another name for Automolus ochrolaemus has been the "Buff-throated Automolus". 
     
     
681. Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner  (*) ______  CR:mar
     Philydor rufus panerythrum
     
     
682. Ruddy Foliage-gleaner  (*) ______  CR:mar  GU:jan,jul,dec  (another name has been "Ruddy Automolus")
     Automolus rubiginosus fumosus
     
     
683. Streak-breasted Treehunter  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Tripacdectes rufobrunneus (monotypic)
     
     
684. Plain Xenops  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Xenops minutus littoralis
     
     
     
     A Plain Xenops photographed during a FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
685. Streaked Xenops  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan
     Xenops rutilans septentrionalis
     
     
686. Scaly-throated Leaftosser  (*)  ______  CR:jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,apr   
     Sclerurus g. guatemalensis
     
     Another name for Sclerurus guatemalensis has been "Scaly-throated Leafscraper".  
     
     
687. Gray-throated Leaftosser  ______
     Sclerurus albigularis
     
     
688. Tawny-throated Leaftosser  (*)  ______  GU:jan,jul,dec  HN:feb
     Sclerurus mexicanus
     
     
     WOODCREEPERS
     
     
689. Plain-brown Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Dendrocincla fuliginosa ridgwayi
     
     
690. Tawny-winged Woodcreeper  (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr  HN:dec  PN:feb
     Dendrocincla a. anabatina
     
     
     
     Tawny-winged Woodcreeper
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
691. Ruddy Woodcreeper  (*) (ph) ______  CR:dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  PN:aug
     Dendrocincla homochroa acedesta
     
     
     
     Ruddy Woodcreeper
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
692. Long-tailed Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:mar  PN:jul,aug,nov
     Dendrocincla longicauda typica
     
     
693. Olivaceous Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:mar,dec  PN:feb,aug,nov
     Sittasomus griseicapillus sylvioides  (the single member of its genus) 
     
     
694. Wedge-billed Woodcreeper  (*) ______   CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec  GU:jan,mar,apr  PN:feb,aug
     Glyphorynchus spirurus sublestus  (the single member of its genus)
     
     
695. Strong-billed Woodcreeper  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar  GU:jan,apr,jul,dec
     Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus costaricensis
     
     
     
     A Strong-billed Woodcreeper photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
696. Northern Barred Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar  PN:feb,jul,aug  
     Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae 
     Dendrocolaptes s. sanctithomae  (subspecies on most of Pacific side of Costa Rica)
     Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae hesperius  (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica) 
     
     The Northern Barred Woodcreeper was conspecific with the Amazonian Barred Woodcreeper of South America. When so, the species was called the Barred Woodcreeper.   
     
     
697. Black-banded Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar
     Dendrocolaptes picumnus costaricensis
     
     
698. Cocoa Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec  HN:feb,apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Xiphorhynchus susurrans costaricensis 
     
     The Cocoa Woodcreeper was conspecific with the formerly-expanded Buff-throated Woodcreeper that is now in only South America.  
     
     
699. Black-striped Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr  PN:feb
     Xiphorhynchus l. lachrymosus
     
     
700. Ivory-billed Woodcreeper  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec   
     Xiphorhynchus flavigaster ultimus
     
     Another name for Xiphorhynchus flavigaster has been the "Laughing Woodcreeper".
     
     
701. Spotted Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,jun,dec  PN:feb
     Xiphorhynchus erthropygius punctigula
     
     
702. Straight-billed Woodcreeper  (*) ______  PN:nov
     Dendroplex (formerly Xiphorhynchus) picus extimus
     
     
703. Streak-headed Woodcreeper  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,mar,jul  HN:dec  PN:feb,jul,nov
     Lepidocolaptes souleyetii compressus
     
     
     
     A Streak-headed Woodcreeper photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
704. Spot-crowned Woodcreeper  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar
     Lepidocolaptes affinis neglectus
     
     
705. Brown-billed Scythebill  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Campylorhamphus pusillus borealis
     
     
     VIREOS and ALLIES
     
     
706. Rufous-browed Peppershrike  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:apr,dec  PN:feb
     Cyclarhis gujanensis subflavescens
     
     
707. Chestnut-sided Shrike-Vireo  (*) ______  GU:feb,apr,jul,dec
     Vireolanius melitophrys quercinus
     
     
708. Green Shrike-Vireo  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,apr,jun,jul  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Vireolanius pulchellus verticalis 
     
     The Green Shrike-Vireo was considered conspecific by some with the Yellow-browed Shrike-Vireo of eastern Panama and northern South America.
     
     
709. Yellow-browed Shrike-Vireo  ______
     Vireolanius eximius
     
     
710. Mangrove Vireo  (*) ______  BZ:feb,apr  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
     Vireo pallens   
     Vireo pallens nicoyensis  (subspecies in northwest Costa Rica)
     Vireo p. pallens  (subspecies in western Costa Rica) 
     
     
711. Hutton's Vireo  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,apr,jun,dec  HN:dec(rare)
     Vireo huttoni vulcani 
     
     
712. Yellow-winged Vireo  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar
     Vireo carmioli  (monotypic) 
     
     
713. Yellow-throated Vireo  (*) ______  BZ:feb  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr  HN:mar,dec  PN
     Vireo flavifrons  (monotypic) 
     
     
714. Philadelphia Vireo  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr  PN:feb,mar
     Vireo philadelphicus  (monotypic)
     
     
715. Red-eyed Vireo  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,dec/jan  GU:apr  PN:feb,mar,aug,oct,nov
     Vireo o. olivaceus  
     
     
716. Yellow-green Vireo  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug  
     Vireo f. flavoviridis
     
     The Yellow-green Vireo was regarded by some as a race of the Red-eyed Vireo.
     
     
717. Warbling Vireo  (*) ______ CR  GU:feb,apr,dec
     Vireo g. gilvus 
     
     The Warbling Vireo in Costa Rica is a rare migrant from North America, from late September to late April, mostly in the northern half of the country.
       
     
718. Brown-capped Vireo  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  GU:feb,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar
     Vireo leucophrys costaricensis  (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica) 
     
     The Brown-capped Vireo was at one time said to be conspecific with the Warbling Vireo. 
     
     
719. White-eyed Vireo  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun
     Vireo griseus
     
     In Costa Rica, the White-eyed Vireo is a very rare migrant from North America, with just a few records, mostly along the Caribbean coast, but also in Monteverde in March 1997 and in Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui in January 2004.
     
     
720. Bell's Vireo  (nt) (*) ______  GU:apr
     Vireo b. bellii
     
     
721. Blue-headed Vireo  (*) (ph) _____   CR:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb
     Vireo solitarius
     
     The Blue-headed Vireo is a rare migrant in Costa Rica from North America, from late September to late March. It can occur anywhere in the country, but it is more likely on the Pacific slope or in the highlands.  
     
     
722. Plumbeous Vireo  (*)  ______  GU:feb,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr
     Vireo plumbeus montanus
     
     
723. Black-whiskered Vireo ______
     Vireo altiloquus  
     
     In Costa Rica, the Black-whiskered Vireo is a rare migrant on the Caribbean side of the country. 
     
     
724. Yucatan Vireo  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar
     Vireo magister
     
     
725. Scrub Greenlet  (*) ______  CR:mar  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Hylophilus flavipes viridiflavus
     
     
726. Tawny-crowned Greenlet  (*) ______  CR:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr  PN:jul
     Hylophilus ochraceiceps paciicus  (subspecies in southern Costa Rica) (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica) 
     
     
727. "Gray-headed" Lesser Greenlet  (*) ______  BZ:feb,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct   
     Hylophilus d. decurtatus
     
     Central American races of the Lesser Greenlet are gray-headed, whereas the bird in South American is not. 
     
     
728. Golden-fronted Greenlet  (*)  ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Hylophilus a. aurantiifrons
     
     
     JAYS and RAVEN
     
     
729. Azure-hooded Jay  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  HN:feb
     Cyanolyca c. cucullata
     
     
730. Green Jay  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar  GU:jan,jun,jul  HN:feb,apr
     Cyanocorax luxuosus 
     
     
     
     The Green Jay has been seen, in numbers, during FONT tours in Honduras.
     (photo by Marie Gardner) 
     
     
731. Brown Jay  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb
     Cyanocorax m. morio
     
     
     
     Brown Jay
     (photo Dick Tipton)
     
     
732. Yucatan Jay  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:apr
     Cyanocorax yucatanicus
     
     
733. Bushy-crested Jay  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:apr,dec
     Cyanocorax  melanocyanneus  
     
     
734. Black-chested Jay  (*)  ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Cyanocorax affinis
     
     
735. White-throated Magpie-Jay  (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,dec
     Calocitta formosa pompata
     
     The White-throated Magpie-Jay was considered by some to be conspecific with the Black-throated Magpie-Jay of Mexico. 
     
     
     
     Above & below: White-throated Magpie-Jays
     (upper photo by Alan Brady;
      lower photo by Virginia Woodhouse during a FONT tour
      in northern Costa Rica in March 2012)
     
     
     
     
736. Azure-hooded Jay  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,apr
     Cyanolyca cucullata guatemalae 
     
     
737. Black-throated Jay  (*)  ______  GU:apr,jul,dec
     Cyanolyca pumilo  (monotypic)
     
     
738. Silvery-throated Jay  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Cyanolyca argentigula  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica) 
     
     
739. Steller's Jay  (*) (ph)   ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
     Cyanocitta stelleri coronata
     
     
     
     Steller's Jay
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
740. Unicolored Jay  (*)  ______  GU:jan,apr,jun,dec
     Aphelocoma u. unicolor
     
     
741. Northern Raven  (ph)  ______
     Corvus corax
     
     
     SILKY-FLYCATCHERS and WAXWING
     
     
742. Gray Silky Flycatcher  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
     Ptiliogonys cinereus molybdophanes
     
     
743. Long-tailed Silky-Flycatcher  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb   (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Ptiliogonys caudatus  (monotypic)
     
     
     
     Long-tailed Silky-Flycatcher
     (photo by Ruben Campos)
     
     
744. Black-and-yellow Phainoptila  (*)  ______ CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Phainoptila melanoxantha  (2 subspecies in Costa Rica)
     Phainoptila m. melanoxantha  (subspecies in southern Costa Rica)
     Phainoptila melanoxantha parkeri  (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
     
     Phainoptila melanoxantha has been called the Black-and-yellow Silky Flycatcher.
     
     
745. Cedar Waxwing  (*) (ph) ______  CR  GU:mar,apr
     Bombycilla cedrorum 
     
     
     SWALLOWS and MARTINS
     
     
746. Tree Swallow  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar.apr  GU;feb,apr  HN:feb
     Tachycineta bicolor  (monotypic)
     
     
747. Mangrove Swallow  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Tachycineta albilinea  (monotypic)
     
     
     
     Above: a Mangrove Swallow during the FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
     (photo by Marie Gardner) 
     Below: An immature Mangrove Swallow, at right; a Northern Rough-winged Swallow at left
     (photo courtesy of Aaron Gwin)
     
     
     
     
748. Violet-green Swallow ______  GU:feb,dec
     Tachycineta thalassina
     
     
749. White-winged Swallow  ______
     Tachycineta albiventer
     
     A White-winged Swallow found in the Darien region of Panama on July 6, 1996 was said to be the first record of the species for both Panama and Central America.  
     
     
750. Purple Martin  (*) (ph) ______  CR:feb,mar  GU:mar,apr  HN:apr  PN:mar,aug
     Progne subis  (3 subspecies migrate thru Central America)
     
     
751. Sinaloa Martin  (t3) (GUr) (*)  ______  GU:apr
     Progne sinaloae  
     
     
752. Gray-breasted Martin  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Progne c. chalybea
     
     
753. Brown-chested Martin  (ph) ______
     Progne tapera
     
     In Costa Rica, the Brown-chested Martin has been a rare migrant from South America. On one occasion, there were 9 individuals in the Golfito area, in late March 2006.   
     
     
754. Blue-and-white Swallow  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug
     Pygochelidon c. cyanoleuca  (formerly Notiochelidon c. cyanoleuca)
     
     
     
     A Blue-and-white Swallow photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
755. Black-capped Swallow  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
     Notiochelidon pileata  (monotypic)
     
     
756. Northern Rough-winged Swallow  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:mar,apr,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,nov
     Stelgidopteryx serripennis  (3 subspecies occur in Costa Rica) 
     
     
757. Ridgway's Rough-winged Swallow  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul  HN:feb
     Stelgidopteryx (serripennis) ridgwayi 
     
     
758. Southern Rough-winged Swallow  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Stelgidopteryx ruficollis decolor
     
     
759. Bank Swallow  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  GU:apr  PN:oct  (also called Sand Martin, throughout much of its extensive range, particularly in the Old World)
     Riparia r. riparia
     
     
760. Barn Swallow  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,aug,oct,nov
     Hirundo rustica erythrogaster
     
     
761. American Cliff Swallow  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  GU:feb,apr  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar
     Petrochelidon (formerly Hirundo) pyrrhonota
     (5 subspecies migrate thru Central America)
     
     
762. Cave Swallow  (ph) ______
     Petrochelidon (formerly Hirundo) fulva
     
     
     BUSHTIT and KINGLET
     
     
763. "Black-eared" American Bushtit  (*) (ph)   ______  GU:jan,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec
     Psaltriparus minimus melanotis
     
     
764. Ruby-crowned Kinglet  (*) (ph)  ______  GU:jan,feb,apr,dec
     Regulus c. calendula
     
     
     WRENS
     
     
765. Rufous-naped Wren  (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Campylorhynchus rufinucha 
     Campylorhynchus rufinucha capistratus  (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
     Campylorhynchus rufinucha nicoyae  (subspecies in northwest Costa Rica on the Nicoya Peninsula)
     
     
     
     Rufous-naped Wren
     
     
766. Band-backed Wren  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb
     Campylorhynchus zonatus costaricensis 
     
     Another name for Campylorhynchus zonatus has been the "Barred Wren".
     
     
767. White-headed Wren  (*)  ______  PN:feb,aug
     Campylorhynchus a. albobrunneus 
     
     
768. Sedge Wren  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar 
     Cistothorus stellaris lucidus 
     
     The Sedge Wren is closely related to the Grass Wren of South America, Cistothorus platensis. The two are said by most to be conspecific. 
     
     In Costa Rica, the Sedge Wren is very local in wet fields in the Cartago area.
     
     
769. White-bellied Wren  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,ap,may,jun
     Uropsila leucogastra brachyura  (the single member of its genus)  
     
     
770. "White-browed" Carolina Wren  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,apr,jun
     Thryothorus ludovicianus albinucha  
     
     
771. Black-bellied Wren  (*)  ______  CR:mar  (total range from Costa Rica to western Colombia)
     Pheugopedius (formerly Thryothorus) fasciatoventris melanogaster
     
     
772. Rufous-breasted Wren  (*)  ______  CR:jan,mar  PN:jul  
     Pheugopedius (formerly Thryothorus) rutilus hyperythrus 
     
     The Rufous-breasted Wren is considered distinct from the Speckle-breasted Wren of South America.
     
     
773. Black-throated Wren  (*)  ______  CR:mar,jul  PH:feb  (total range from Nicaragua to western Panama)
     Pheugopedius (formerly Thryothorus) atroguaris  (monotypic)
     
     
774. Sooty-headed Wren  ______  
     Pheugopedius (formerly Thryothorus) spadis
       
     
775. Spot-breasted Wren  (*)  ______  BZ:feb,mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:apr,dec
     Pheugopedius (formerly Thryothorus) maculipectus
     
     In Costa Rica, the Spot-breasted Wren is fairly common in the Cano Negro region in the far-northern part of the country. 
     
     
776. Banded Wren  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan
     Thryophilus (formerly Thryothorus) pleurostictus ravus
     
     
777. Rufous-and-white Wren  (*) ______  CR:apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,apr,jul,dec  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Thryophilus (formerly Thryothorus) rufalbus castanonotus 
     
     
778. Bay Wren  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,jul,aug,nov
     Cantorchilus nigricapillus costaricensis  (formerly Chryothorus nigricapillus costaricensis)
     
     
779. Riverside Wren  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec   (total range limited to Costa Rica and western Panama)
     Cantorchilus semibadius  (formerly Thryothorus semibadius)  (monotypic)
     
     The Riverside Wren is closely related to, and has been considered by some as conspecific with the Bay Wren (above).  
     
     
     
     A Riverside Wren photographed during a FONT tour
     in Costa Rica
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
780. Stripe-breasted Wren  (*) ______  CR:dec/jan  PN:feb  (total range from Nicaragua to Panama)
     Cantorchilus thoracicus  (formerly Thryothorus thoracicus)  (monotypic)
     
     The Stripe-breasted Wren was conspecific with the Stripe-throated Wren.
     
     
781. Stripe-throated Wren  ______   (a species mostly in South America)
     Cantorchilus leucopogon  (formerly Thryothorus leucopogon) 
     
     
782. Plain Wren  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul  GU:feb,apr,jun,jul.dec  HN:mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Cantorchilus modestus  (formerly Thryothorus modestus)  
     Cantorchilus m. modestus  (subspecies in Guatemala & in northern Costa Rica)
     Cantorchilus modestus elutus  (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica)
     Cantorchilus modestus zeledoni  (the "Canebrake Wren" of the Caribbean lowlands, once considered a separate species)  
     
      
783. Buff-breasted Wren  (*)  ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Cantorchilus (formerly Thryothorus) leucotis galbraithii 
     
     
784. "Southern" House Wren  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Troglodytes aedon    
     Troglodytes aedon intermedius  (subspecies in Guatemala & most of Costa Rica)
     Troglodytes aedon inquietus  (subspecies in southwest CR)
     
     
785. Rufous-browed Wren  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec
     Troglodytes rufocillatus
     
     
786. Ochraceous Wren  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Troglodytes o. ochraceus
     
     
787. Timberline Wren  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Thryorchilus browni  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 
     
     The Timberline Wren in Costa Rica occurs in highlands at over 2,700 meters above sea level.   
     
     
788. White-breasted Wood Wren  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:mar,aug,nov
     Henicorhina leucosticta 
     Henicorhina leucosticta costaricensis  (subspecies in central Costa Rica)
     Henicorhina leucosticta pittieri  (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica) 
     
     
789. Gray-breasted Wood Wren  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar,jul
     Henicorhina leucophrys collina
     
     
790. Southern Nightingale-Wren  (*) ______  CR:mar  PN:jul,aug 
     Microcerculus marginatus luscinia 
     
     Microcerculus marginatus of Central & South America has been known in Central America as the "Whistling Wren", and throughout its range as the Scaly-breasted Wren.
     
     
791. Northern Nightingale-Wren  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  
     Microcerculus philomela (monotypic)
     
     
792. Song Wren  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct  
     Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus richardsoni 
     
     The Song Wren is closely related to the Musician Wren of South America. 
     
     
793. Rock Wren  (ph)  ______
     Salpinctes obsoletus
     
     
     GNATCATCHERS, GNATWRENS, BROWN CREEPER
     
     
794. Blue-gray Gnatcatcher  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,dec
     Polioptila caerulea 
     
     
     
     Blue-gray Gnatcatcher
     (photo by Rhett Poppe)
     
     
795. White-lored Gnatcatcher  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,apr,jun  HN:dec
     Polioptila a. albiloris
     
     
796. Tropical Gnatcatcher  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,mar,jun,jul  HN:dec  PN:feb,mar,aug,nov
     Polioptila plumbea 
     Polioptila plumbea brodkorbi  (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
     Polioptila plumbea superciliaris  (subspecies in most of Costa Rica) 
     
     
     
     A Tropical Gnatcatcher photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
797. Slate-throated Gnatcatcher  (*)  ______  PN:jul
     Polioptila schistaceigula
     
     
798. Long-billed Gnatwren  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug 
     Ramphocaenus melanurus panamensis
     
     
799. Tawny-faced Gnatwren  (*)  ______  PN:jul
     Microbates cinereiventris
     
     
800. Brown Creeper  (*) (ph)  ______  GU:feb,apr,jun,dec  HN:apr
     Certhia americana perniga 
     
     
     THRASHERS
     
     
801. Gray Catbird  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb
     Dumetella carolinensis  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
     
     
     
     Gray Catbird
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
802. Black Catbird  (nt) (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar,apr
     Melanoptila glabrirostris  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
     
     
803. Blue-and-white Mockingbird  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec
     Melanotis hypoleucus  (monotypic)
     
     
804. Tropical Mockingbird  (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:mar  GU:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Mimus gilvis
     
     Tropical Mockingbirds have recently occurred and bred in Costa Rica at a number of scattered places, including Limon, Siquirres, Arenal, Tortuguero, San Isidro de El General, and in the Dominical area. 
     And so, it seems to be establishing itself in the country. 
     
     
     
     A Tropical Mockingbird during the FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
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