Reptiles 
of Brazil 


Noting those found during 
Focus On Nature Tours 
with an (*) 

including: 
Turtles
Lizards
Snakes

A list Reptiles of Brazil 
compiled by Armas Hill


UPPER RIGHT PHOTO: A BLACK CAIMAN
with a butterfly, in Amazonian Brazil


Codes:

(BRe): endemic to Brazil

(t1):  threatened species, critically endangered
(t2):  threatened species, endangered
(t3):  threatened species, vulnerable
(nt):  near-threatened species

am - in Amazonian Brazil 
ig   - in the area of Iguazu Falls 
mg - in Mato Grosso & Mato Grosso do Sul   
mn - in Minas Gerais   
rs   - in Rio Grande do Sul

(ph): photo in the FONT website

(phRAA:xxx): referring to the number of the photo of the particular species in the book: "Reptiles & Amphibians of the Amazon, An Ecotourist's Guide" by R.D. Bartlett & Patricia Bartlett, published in 2003.   


Links within this List:

BRAZILIAN REPTILES:    Turtles    Caimans    Lizards    Snakes

Link to List of BRAZILIAN AMPHIBIANS

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Brazil   

A List & Photo Gallery of Brazil Birds, in 3 Parts:
Part #1: Tinamous to Doves     Part #2: Macaws to Flycatchers     Part #3: Antshrikes to Grosbeaks

Brazil Mammals  (with some photos)

A List & Photo Gallery of selected South American Butterflies, in 5 parts

Directory of Photos in this Website

        REPTILES


         Family CHELONIIDAE  (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles): 6 species worldwide 


         Genus CHELONIA

847. Atlantic Green (Sea) Turtle  (t3) (ph) (*)  ______  se  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
     Chelonia mydas mydas 
     
     
     
     An Atlantic Green Turtle during a FONT tour
     
     
     Genus CARETTA
     
     
848. Loggerhead Sea Turtle  (t2) (ph)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
     Caretta caretta
     
     
     
     
     A Loggerhead Sea Turtle during a FONT tour
     (photo by Alan Brady)
     
     
     Genus ERETMOCHELYS
      
     
849. Hawksbill Sea Turtle  (t1)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1766)
     Eretmochelys imbricata 
     
     
     Genus LEPIDOCHELYS
     
     
850. Lepidochelys olivacea  ______
     
     
     Family DERMOCHELYIDAE  (Leatherback Turtle):  a single species in this genus
     
     
     Genus DERMOCHELYS 
     
      
851. Leatherback Sea Turtle  (t2)  ______ (species described by Linnaeus in 1766) 
     Dermochelys coriacea 
     
     
     Family EMYDIDAE  (Box and Water or Pond Turtles)
     
     
     Genus TRACHEMYS
     
     
852. Maranhao Slider  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1995)
     Trachemys adiutrix  
     
     
853. D'Orbigny's Slider  (*)  ______  rs
     Trachemys dorbigni  
     
     
     
     
     D'Orbigny's Sliders photographed during a FONT tour in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
     Family GEOEMYDIAE
     
     
     Genus RHINOCLEMMYS
     
     
854. Spot-legged Turtle  ______
     Rhinoclemmys punctularis
     
     
     Family KINOSTERNIDAE  (Mud & Musk Turtles)
     
     
     Genus KINOSTERNON 
     
     
855. Scorpion Mud Turtle  (phRAA:143) ______   (also called the Red-cheeked Mud Turtle) (species described by Linnaeus in 1766)
     (widely distributed from Mexico south to northern Argentina and eastern Brazil; highly variable geographically) 
     Kinosternon scorpioides  (totally, 6 subspecies recognized) 
     
     
     Family TESTUDINIDAE
     
     
     Genus GEOCHELONE
     
     
856. Red-footed Tortoise  ______  mg  (also called Savannah Tortoise)
     Geochelone (or Chelonoidis) carbonaria
     
     
857. Brazilian Giant Tortoise  (phRAA:146)  ______  (also called Yellow-footed Tortoise)  (species described by Linnaeus in 1766)
     Geochelone denticulata
     
     
     Family PODOCNEMIDIDAE
     
     
     Genus PELTOCEPHALUS 
     
     
858. Big-headed Amazon River Turtle  (phRAA:137)  ______
     Peltocephalus dumeriliana
     
     
     Genus PODOCNEMIS
     
     
859. Red-headed Amazon River Turtle  (phRAA:139)  ______  (also called Red-spotted River Turtle)
     Podocnemis erythrocephala  
     
     
860. Arrau River Turtle  (phRAA:138)  ______  (also called Giant River Turtle)
     Podocnemis expansa
     
     
861. Six-tubercled Amazon River Turtle  (phRAA:140)  ______  (also called simply Amazon River Turtle)
     Podocnemis sextuberculata  
     
     
862. Yellow-spotted River Turtle  (t3) (phRAA:141)  ______
     Podocnemis unifilis   
     
     
     Family CHELIDAE
     
     
     Genus ACANTHOCHELYS
     
     
863. Big-headed Pantanal Swamp Turtle  ______  mg  (recently described, in 1984)
     Acanthochelys macrocephala  
     
     
864. Brazilian Radiolated Swamp Turtle  ______
     Acanthochelys radiolata  
     
     
865. Black Spine-neck Swamp Turtle  ______
     Acanthochelys spixii  
     
     
     Genus BATRACHEMYS
     
     
866. Batrachemys heliostemma  ______  (recently described, in 2000)
     
     
     Genus CHELUS
     
     
867. Mata mata  (phRAA:130)  ______
     Chelus fimbriatus
      
     
     Genus HYDROMEDUSA
     
     
868. Brazilian Snake-necked Turtle  ______ 
     Hydromedusa maximiliani 
     
     
869. Argentine Snake-necked Turtle  ______  rs
     Hydromedusa tectifera  
     
     
     
     
     Argentine Snake-necked Turtles photographed during a FONT tour 
     in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil   
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
     Genus MESOCLEMMYS
     
     
870. Mesoclemmys gibba  ______
     
     
871. Hoge's Side-necked Turtle  (BRe)  ______
     Mesoclemmys hogei  ______
     
     
872. Mesoclemmys nasuta  ______
     
     
873. Canyon Turtle  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
     Mesoclemmys perplexa
     
     
874. Mesoclemmys raniceps  ______
     
     
875. Mesoclemmys tuberculata  ______
     
     
876. Vanderhaege's Toad-necked Turtle  ______  (described in 1973)
     Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei  
     
     
     Genus PHRYNOPS
     
     
877. Spotted Toad-headed Turtle  (phRAA:131)  ______
     Phrynops geoffroanus  
     
     
878. Phrynops hilarii  ______
     
     
879. Phrynops tuberosus  ______
     
     
880. Phrynops williamsi  _____  (recently described, in 1983)
     
     
     Genus PLATEMYS
     
     
881. Twist-necked Turtle  ______
     Platemys platycephala
     Platemys platycephala melanonota  ("Western Twist-necked Turtle") (phRAA:136) 
     
     
     Genus RHINEMYS
     
     
882. Red Side-necked Turtle  ______
     Rhinemys rufipes  
     
     
     Family ALLIGATORIDAE - CROCODYLIDAE  (Crocodile Family): 
     
     
     Genus CAIMAN
     
     
883. Spectacled Caiman  (phRAA:126)  (*)  ______  am  (also called White Caiman or Common Caiman) (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
     Caiman crocidilus  
     
     
884. Broad-snouted Caiman  ______
     Caiman latirostris  
     
     
885. Yacare Caiman  (ph) (*)  ______  mg  (has also been called Paraguayan Caiman)
     Caiman yacare
     
     
     
     
     A Yacare Caiman photographed during a FONT tour in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
     
     
     Genus MELANOSUCHUS
     
     
886. Black Caiman  (phRAA:127)  ______
     Melanosuchus niger  
     
     
     
     
     A Black Caiman & butterfly
     
     
     Genus PALEOSUCHUS 
     
     
887. Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman  (phRAA:128)  ______
     Paleosuchus palpebrosus  
     
     
888. Smooth-fronted Caiman  (phRAA:129)  ______
     Paleosuchus trigonatus  
     
     
     Suborder LACERTILIA  (Lizards)
     
     
     Family AMPHISBAENIDAE
     
     
     Genus AMPHISBAENA
     
     
889. Giant Amphisbaeian  (phRAA:147)  ______  mg  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
     Amphisbaena alba
     
     
890. Amphisbaena anaemariae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1997)
     
     
891. Amphisbaena arda  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
     
     
892. Amphisbaena arenaria  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
     
     
893. Amphisbaena bolivica  ______
     
     
894. Amphisbaena camura  ______
     
     
895. Carvalho Worm Lizard   (BRe)  ______  
     Amphisbaena carvalhoi  
     
     
896. Amphisbaena crisae  (BRe)  ______
     
     
897. Amphisbaena cunhai  (BRe)  ______   (recently described, in 1991)
     
     
898. Amphisbaena darwinii  ______  
     
     
899. Amphisbaena dubia  ______
     
     
900. Amphisbaena frontalis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
     
     
901. Banded Amphisbaenian  (phRAA:148)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
     Amphisbaena fuliginosa
     
     
902. Amphisbaena hastata  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
     
     
903. Heath's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______ 
     Amphisbaena heathi  
     
     
904. Hoge's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______ 
     Amphisbaena hogei  
     
     
905. Amphisbaena hugoi  (BRe)  ______
     
     
906. Amphisbaena ibijara  (BRe)   ______  (recently described, in 2003)
     
     
907. Amphisbaena ignatiana  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
     
     
908. Amphisbaena leeseri  ______
     
     
909. Amphisbaena leucocephala  ______
     
     
910. Amphisbaena lumbricalis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1996)
     
     
911. Amphisbaena mensae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2000)
     
     
912. Amphisbaena mertensi  ______
     
     
913. Amphisbaena miringoera  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1971)   
     
     
914. Mitchell's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Amphisbaena mitchelli  
     
     
915. Amphisbaena munoai  ______
     
     
916. Neglected Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______  
     Amphisbaena neglecta  
     
     
917. Black-headed Worm Lizard  (BRe) 
     Amphisbaena nigricauda  ______
     
     
918. Rio Grande Worm Lizard   (BRe)   ______
     Amphisbaena pretrei  
     
     
919. Amphisbaena pruniccolor  ______
     
     
920. Ridley's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Amphisbaena ridleyi  
     
     
921. Amphisbaena sanctaeritae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1994)
     
     
922. Amphisbaena silvestrii  ______  mg
     
     
923. Slevin's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Amphisbaena slevini  ______
     
     
924. Amphisbaena talisiae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1995)
     
     
925. Amphisbaena tragorrhectes  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1971)
     
     
926. Amphisbaena uroxena  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2008) 
     
     
927. Amphisbaena vanzolinii  ______
     
     
928. Amphisbaena vermicularis  ______  mg
     
     
     Genus ANOPS
     
     
929. Anops bilabialatus  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1972)
     
     
930. Anops kingii  ______
     
     
     Genus BRONIA
     
     
931. Bronia bedai  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
     
     
932. Brazilian Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Bronia brasiliana  ______  
     
     
933. Bronia kraoh  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1971)
     
     
934. Bronia saxosa  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
     
     
     Genus CERCOLOPHIA
     
     
935. Cercolophia absaberi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2001)
     
     
936. Cercolophia bahiana  (BRe)  ______
     
     
937. Cercolophia cuiabana  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2001)
     
     
938. Cercolophia roberti  (BRe)  ______
     
     
939. Cercolophia steindachneri  ______
     
     
     Family RHINEURIDAE
     
     
     Genus AULURA
     
     
940. Barbour's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Aulura anomala  ______
     
     
     Genus LEPOSTERNON
     
     
941. Leposternon cerradensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2008)
     
     
942. Berthold's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Leposternon infraorbitale  
     
     
943. Leposternon kisteumacheri  ______  (recently described, in 2000)
     
     
944. Leposternon microcephalum  ______
     
     
945. Dumeril's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Leposternon octostegum  ______
     
     
946. Bahia Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Leposternon polystegum  
     
     
947. Shielded Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Leposternon scutigerum  
     
     
948. Wucherer's Worm Lizard  (BRe)  ______
     Leposternon wuchereri       
     
     
     Family GEKKONIDAE  (Geckos)
     
     
     Genus BOGERTIA
     
     
949. Bogert's Gecko  (BRe)  ______
     Bogertia lutzae
     
     
     Genus BRIBA
     
     
950. Amaral's Brazilian Gecko  (BRe)  ______
     Briba brasiliana
     
     
     Genus COLEODACTYLUS
     
     
951. Coleodactylus amazonicus  ______
     
     
952. Goais Gecko  (BRe)  ______
     Coleodactylus brachystoma
     
     
953. Meridian Gecko  (BRe)  ______
     Coleodactylus meridionalis
     
     
954. Natal Pygmy Gecko  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1999)
     Coleodactylus natalensis
     
     
955. Coleodactylus septentrionalis  ______  (recently described, in 1980)
      
     
     Genus GONATODES 
     
     
956. Gonatodes annularis  ______
     
     
957. Gonatodes eladioi  ______  (recently described, in 1987)
     
     
958. Gonatodes hasemani  _____
     
     
959. Bridled Forest Gecko  (phRAA:150)  ______
     Gonatodes humeralis  
     
     
960. Para Gecko  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1980)
     Gonatodes tapajonicus
     
     
     Genus GYMNODACTYLUS
     
     
961. Gymnodactylus carvalhoi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)  
     
     
962. Gymnodactylus darwinii  (BRe)  ______
     
     
963. Gymnodactylus geckoides  (BRe)  ______
     
     
964. Brazilian Naked-toed Gecko  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1982) 
     Gymnodactylus guttulatus
     
     
     Genus HEMIDACTYLUS
     
     
965. Country Leaf-toed Gecko  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1978)
     Hemidactylus agrius  
     
     
966. Common House Gecko  (phRAA:152)  ______  mg
     Hemidactylus maboula  
     
     
967. Hemidactylus palaichthus  ______
     
     
     Genus HOMONOTA
     
     
968. Homonota fassciata  ______
     
     
969. Homonota uruguayensis  ______
     
     
     Genus LEPIDOBLEPHARIS
     
     
970. Lepidoblepharis heyerorum  ______  (described in 1978)
     
     
971. Lepidoblepharis hoogmoedi  ______  (recently described, in 1995)
     
     
     Genus LYGODACTYLUS
     
     
972. Kluge's Dwarf Gecko  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1977)
     Lygodactylus klugei
     
     
973. Lygodactylus wetzeli  ______  (described in 1977)
     
     
     Genus PHYLLOPEZUS
     
     
974. Peraiba Gecko  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1986)
     Phyllopezus periosus
     
     
975. Phyllopezus pollicaris  ______  
     
     
     Genus PSEUDOGONATODES
     
     
976. Pseudogonatodes gasconi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2000)
     
     
977. Amazon Pygmy Gecko  (phRAA:151)  ______
     Pseudogonatodes guianensis  
     
     
     Genus THECADACTYLUS
     
     
978. Turnip-tailed Gecko  (phRAA:153)  ______
     Thecadactylus rapicaudus     
     
     
     Family IGUANIDAE  (Iguanas)
     
     
     Genus IGUANA
     
     
979. Green Iguana  (phRAA:168) (ph)  ______  mg   (also called Common Iguana)  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
     Iguana iguana
     (A bright green when young, but changes to gray, brown, greenish-gray, or almost black as it grows older)
     
     
     
     
     Green Iguana
     (photographed during a FONT tour by Marie Gardner)
     
     
     Subfamily POLYCHROTIDAE (in IGUANIDAE)
     
     
     Genus ENYALIS 
     
     
980. Enyalis erythroceneeus  ______  (recently described, in 2006)
     
     
     Family HOPLOCERCIDAE
     
     
     Genus ENYALIOIDES
     
     
981. Amazon Forest Dragon  (phRAA:166)  ______
     Enyalioides laticeps  ______
     
     
982. Horned Forest Dragon  (phRAA:167)  ______
     Enyalioides palpebralis  ______
     
     
983. Enyalioides spinosus  ______
     
     
     Family POLYCHROTIDAE  (Anoles & allies)
     
     
     Genus ANISOLEPIS
     
     
984. Anisolepis grilli  ______
     
     
985. Anisolepis longicauda  ______
     
     
986. Anisolepis undulatus  ______
     
     
     Genus ANOLIS   
     
     
987. Anolis auratus  ______
     
     
988. Blue-lipped Forest Anole  (phRAA:169)  ______
     Anolis bombiceps  ______
     
     
989. Slender Anole  (ph170)  ______
     Anolis fuscoauratus  
     
     
990. Anolis meridionalis  ______
     
     
991. Nose Anole  (BRe)  ______
     Anolis nasofrontalis
     
     
992. Anolis nitens  ______  
     Anolis nitens scypheus  ("Yellow-tongued Forest Anole")  (phRAA:171)
     Anolis nitens tandae  ("Blue-throated Anole")  (phRAA:172)
     
     
993. Amazon Bark Anole  (phRAA:173)  ______
     Anolis ortonii  
     
     
994. Anolis philopunctatus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1988) 
     
     
995. Bat Anole  (BRe)  ______
     Anolis phyllorhinus
     
     
996. False Tiger Anole  (BRe)  ______
     Anolis pseudotigrinus
     
     
997. Amazon Green Anole  (phRAA:174)
     Anolis punctatus  ______
     
     
998. Common Forest Anole  (phRAA:175)  ______
     Anolis trachyderma  ______
     
     
999. Banded Tree Anole  (phRAA:176)  ______
     Anolis transversalis  ______
     
     
1000. Anolis williamsii  (BRe)  ______
      
      
      Genus POLYCHRUS
      
      
1001. Sharp-nosed Monkey Lizard  (phRAA:177)  ______  mg
      Polychrus acutirostris
      
      
1002. Polychrus liogaster  ______
      
      
1003. Common Monkey Lizard  (phRAA:178)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Polychrus marmoratus
      
      
      Genus UROSTROPHUS
      
      
1004. Urostrophus vautieri  ______
         
      
      Family LEIOSAURIDAE
      
      
      Genus ENYALIUS
      
      
1005. Enyalius bibronii  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1006. Two-lined Fathead Anole  (BRe)  ______
      Enyalius bilineatus
      
      
1007. Enyalius brasiliensis  ______ 
      
      
1008. Wied's Fathead Anole  (BRe)  ______
      Enyalius catenatus
      
      
1009. Ihering's Fathead Anole  (BRe)  ______
      Enyalius iheringii
      
      
1010. Leech's Fathead Anole  (BRe)  ______
      Enyalius leechii
      
      
1011. Enyalius perditus  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1978)
      
      
      Family TROPIDURIDAE 
      
      
      Genus EUROLOPHOSAURUS
      
      
1012. Eurolophosaurus amathites  ______  (recently described, in 1984)
      
      
1013. Eurolophosaurus divaricatus  ______  (recently described, in 1984)
      
      
1014. Rodrigues' Lava Lizard  ______  mn  (recently described, in 1984)
      Eurolophosaurus nanuzae
      
      Eurolophosaurus nanuzae occurs at Serra do Cipo, in Minas Gerais.
      
      
      Genus LIOLAEMUS
      
      
1015. Liolaemus arambarensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1016. Lutz's Tree Iguana  (BRe)  ______
      Liolaemus lutzae  
      
      
1017. Skull Tree Iguana  (BRe)  ______
      Liolaemus occiptalis  
      
      
      Genus PLICA
      
      
1018. Collared Tree Runner  (phRAA:180)   ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Plica (or Tropidurus) plica
      
      
1019. Olive Tree Runner  (phRAA:181)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Plica (or Tropidurus) umbra
      
      
      Genus STENOCERCUS
      
      
1020. Stenocercus azureus  ______
      
      
1021. Stenocercus caducus  ______
      
      
1022. Stenocercus dumerilii  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1023. Western Leaf Lizard  (BRe) (phRAA:179)  ______  (recently described, in 1995)
      Stenocercus fimbriatus 
      
      
1024. Stenocercus quinarius  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2006)   
      
      
1025. Stenocercus roseiventris  ______
      
      
1026. Stenocercus sinesaccus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
1027. Stenocercus squarrosus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2006)   
      
      
1028. Stenocercus tricristatus  (BRe)  ______
      
      
      Genus STROBILURUS
      
      
1029. Strobilurus torquatus  ______
      
      
      Genus TROPIDURUS
      
      
1030. Tropidurus amathites  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1031. Tropidurus cocorobensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1987)
      
      
1032. Tropidurus divaricatus  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1033. Tropidurus erythrocephalus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1987)
      
      
1034. Tropidurus etheridgei  ______  (recently described, in 1982)
      
      
1035. Tropidurus guarani  ______  mg
      
      
1036. Tropidurus helenae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1990)
      
      
1037. Reinhardt's Lava Lizard  (BRe)  ______
      Tropidurus hygomi
      
      
1038. Tropidurus hispidus  ______
      
      
1039. Tropidurus hygomi  ______
      
      
1040. Tropidurus insulanus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1987)
      
      
1041. Tropidurus itambere  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1987)
      
      
1042. Tropidurus montanus  (BRe)  ______  mn  (recently described, in 1987)
      
      Tropidurus montanus occurs at Serra do Cipo, in Minas Gerasis.   
      
      
1043. Tropidurus mucujensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1987)
      
      
1044. Tropidurus nanuzae  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1045. Tropidurus oreadicus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1987)
      
      
1046. Tropidurus pinima  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1984)
      
      
1047. Tropidurus psammonastes  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1988)
      
      
1048. Striped Lava Lizard  (BRe)  ______
      Tropidurus semitaeniatus  
      
      
1049. Tropidurus spinulosus  ______  
      
      
1050. Tropidurus torquatus  ______  mg
      
      
      Genus URACENTRON
      
      
1051. Eastern Green Thornytail  (phRAA:182)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Uracentron azureum
      
      
1052. Amazon Thornytail  (phRAA:183)  ______
      Uracentron flaviceps  ______
      
      
      Genus URANOSCODON
      
      
1053. Diving Lizard  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Uranoscodon superciliosus
      
      
      Family SCINCIDAE  (Skinks)
      
      
      Genus MABUYA
      
      
1054. Mabuya agilis  ______
      
      
1055. Mabuya agmosticha  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2000)
      
      
1056. Arajara Mabuya  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1981)
      Mabuya arajara
      
      
1057. Mabuya bistriata  ______  
      
      
1058. Mabuya caissara  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1974)
      
      
1059. Carvalho's Mabuya  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1990) 
      Mabuya carvalhoi
      
      
1060. Mabuya dorsivittata  ______
      
      
1061. Mabuya frenata  ______  mg
      
      
1062. Mabuya guaporicola  ______  mg
      
      
1063. Brazilian Mabuya  (BRe)  ______
      Mabuya heathi
      
      
1064. Hoge's Mabuya  (BRe)  ______
      Mabuya macrorhyncha
      
      
1065. Mabuya nigropalmata  ______  mg
      
      
1066. Black-spotted Skink  (phRAA:185)  ______
      Mabuya nigropunctata  ______
      
      
1067. xSpotted Mabuya  (BRe)  ______
      Mabuya maculata
      
      
      Genus TRACHYLEPIS 
      
      
1068. Trachylepis atlantica  ______
      
      
      Family TEIIDAE  (Whip-tailed Lizards)
      
      
      Genus AMEIVA
      
      
1069. Giant Racerunner  (or Amazon Whiptail)  (phRAA:186)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Ameiva ameiva  
      
      
      Genus CNEMIDOPHORUS
      
      
1070. Sand Dune Lizard  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2002)
      Cnemidophorus abaetensis  
      
      
1071. Cnemidophorus cryptus  ______  (recently described, in 1993)
      
      
1072. Cnemidophorus lacertoides  ______  rs
      
      
1073. Striped Racerunner  (or Rainbow Whiptail) (phRAA:187)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Cnemidophorus (or Aspidoscelis) lemniscatus    
      
      
1074. Cnemidophorus littoralis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2000)
      
      
1075. Cnemidophorus mumbuca  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1076. Cnemidophorus nativo  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1997)
      
      
1077. Cnemidophorus ocellifer  ______  mn
      
      Cnemidophorus ocellifer occurs at Serra do Cipo, in Minas Gerais. 
      
      
1078. Cnemidophorus parecis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1079. Cnemidophorus vacariensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2000)
      
      
      Genus CROCODILURUS
      
      
1080. Crocodile Tegu  (phRAA:188)  ______
      Crocodilurus amazonicus  
      
      
      Genus DRACAENA
      
      
1081. Northern Caiman Lizard  (phRAA:189)  ______
      Dracaena guianensis  ______
      
      
1082. Caiman Lizard  ______  mg
      Dracaena paraguayensis  
      
      
      Genus KENTROPYX
      
      
1083. Cocha Whiptail  (phRAA:190)  ______
      Kentropyx altamazonica  
      
      
1084. Kentropyx calcarata  ______
      
      
1085. Kentropyx intermedia  ______
      
      
1086. Boettger's Kentropyx  (BRe)  ______
      Kentropyx paulensis  ______
      
      
1087. Forest Whiptail  (phRAA:191)  ______
      Kentropyx pelviceps  
      
      
1088. Kentropyx striata  ______
      
      
1089. Kentropyx vanzoi  ______  (recently described, in 1980)
      
      
1090. Paraguayan Tegu  ______  mg
      Kentropyx viridistriga  ______  
      
      
      Genus TEIUS
      
      
1091. Teius oculatus  ______
      
      
1092. Teius teyou  ______  rs
      
      
      Genus TUPINAMBIS
      
      
1093. Yellow Tegu  (BRe)  ______
      Tupinambis duseni  
      
      
1094. Rondonia Tegu  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1995) 
      Tupinambis longilineus  
      
      
1095. Black-and-white Tegu  (phRAA:192)  ______  ig  mg  rs
      Tupinambis merianae  (formerly T. teguixin)  ______
      
      
1096. Tupinambis palustris  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2002)
      
      
1097. Four-striped Tegu  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1997) 
      Tupinambis quadrilineatus  
      
      
1098. Red Tegu  ______  mg
      Tupinambis rufescens    
      
      
1099. Golden Tegu  (phRAA:193)  ______  mg  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)  
      Tupinambis teguixin  (formerly T. nigropunctatus)
      
      
      Family GYMNOPHTHALMIDAE  (Spectacled Lizards)
      
      
      Genus ALEXANDRESAURUS
      
      
1100. Alexandresaurus camacan  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2007)   
      
      
      Genus ALOPOGLOSSUS 
      
      
1101. Alopoglossus angulatus  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      
      
1102. Black-bellied Forest Lizard  (phRAA:155)  ______  (described in 1973)
      Alopoglossus atriventris
       
      
1103. Alopoglossus buckleyi  ______
      
      
      Genus AMAPASAURUS
      
      
1104. Four-toed Amapasaurus  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1970)
      Amapasaurus tetradactylus
      
      
      Genus ANOTOSAURA
      
      
1105. Anotosaura brachylepis  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1106. Collared Anotosaura  (BRe)  ______
      Anotosaura collaris
      
      
1107. Anotosaura vanzolinia  ______  (described in 1974)
      
      
      Genus ARTHROSAURA
      
      
1108. Arthrosaura kockii  ______
      
      
1109. Reticulated Creek Lizard  (phRAA:156)  ______
      Arthrosaura reticulata  ______
      
      
      Genus ARTHROSEPS
      
      
1110. Arthroseps fluminensis  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1111. Arthroseps werneri  (BRe)  ______
      
      
      Genus BACHIA
      
      
1112. Bachia bresslaui  ______ 
      
      
1113. Bachia cacerensis  (BRe)   ______  (recently described, in 1998)
      
      
1114. Bachia dorbignyi  ______  
      
      
1115. Bachia flavescens  ______
      
      
1116. Bachia micromela  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2007)
      
      
1117. Bachia oxyrhina  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2008) 
      
      
1118. Bachia panoplia  ______
      
      
1119. Bachia peruana  ______
      
      
1120. Bachia psamophila  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2007)  
      
      
1121. Vanzolini's Bachia  (BRe)  ______
      Bachia scolecoides
      
      
1122. Bachia trisanale  ______
      
      
      Genus CALYPTOMMATUS
      
      
1123. Calyptommatus confusionibus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2001)
      
      
1124. Calyptommatus leiolepis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      
      
1125. Rodrigues' Microteiid  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      Calyptommatus nicterus
      
      
1126. Lesser Microteiid  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus
      
      
      Genus CERCOSAURA
      
      
1127. Cercosaura argulus  ______
      
      
1128. Cercosaura eigenmanni  ______
      
      
1129. Black-striped Forest Lizard  (phRAA:158)  ______
      Cercosaura ocellata  
      
      
1130. Cercosaura oshaughnessyi  ______
      
      
1131. Lined Many-fingered Teiid  (BRe)  ______
      Cercosaura quadrilineatus
      
      
1132. Cercosaura schreibersii  ______  mg
      
      
      Genus COLOBODACTYLUS
      
      
1133. Vanzolini's Teiid  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1977)
      Colobodactylus dalcyanus
      
      
1134. Taunay Teiid  (BRe)  ______
      Colobodactylus taunayi 
      
      
      Genus COLOBOSAURA
      
      
1135. Amaral's Colobosaura  (BRe)  ______
      Colobosaura mentalis  
      
      
1136. Bahia Colobosaura  (BRe)  ______
      Colobosaura modesta  
      
      
      Genus COLOBOSAUROIDES
      
      
1137. Colobosauroides carvalhoi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1998)
      
      
1138. Colobosauroides cearensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      
      
      Genus DRYADOSAURA 
      
      
1139. Dryadosaura nordestina  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
      Genus ECPLEOPUS
      
      
1140. Ecpleopus gaudichaudii  (BRe)   ______
      
      
      Genus GYMNOPHTHALMUS
      
      
1141. White Spectacled Tegu  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      Gymnopthalmus leucomystax  
      
      
1142. Spectacled Forest Lizard  (phRAA:159)  ______  am
      Gymnophthalmus underwoodi  
      
      
1143. Gymnophthalmus vanzoi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1999)
      
      
      Genus HETERODACTYLUS
      
      
1144. Rio de Janeiro Teiid  (BRe)  ______
      Heterodactylus imbricatus  
      
      
1145. Lund's Teiid  (BRe)  ______
      Heterodactylus lundii  
      
      
      Genus IPHISA
      
      
1146. Glossy Shade Lizard  (phRAA:160)  ______  am
      Iphisa elegans  ______
      
      
      Genus LEPOSOMA
      
      
1147. Leposoma annectans  _____
      
      
1148. Leposoma baturitensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1997)
      
      
1149. Leposoma ferreirai  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
1150. Leposoma guianese  ______  
      
      
1151. Leposoma nanodactylus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1997)
      
      
1152. Leposoma osvaldoi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1995)
      
      
1153. Common Forest Lizard  (phRAA:161)  ______
      Leposoma parietale  ______
      
      
1154. Leposoma percarinatum  ______
      
      
1155. Leposoma puk  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2002)
      
      
1156. Skink Tegu  (BRe)  ______
      Leposoma scincoides  
      
      
1157. Leposoma snethlageae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1995)
      
      
      Genus MICRABLEPHARUS
      
      
1158. Micrablepharus atticolus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1996)
      
      
1159. Blue-tailed Glossy Lizard  (phRAA:162)  ______  mg
      Micrablepharus maximiliani
      
      
      Genus NEUSTICURUS
      
      
1160. Neusticurus bicarinatus  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      
      
1161. Common Streamside Lizard  (phRAA:163)  ______
      Neusticurus ecpleopus  ______
      
      
1162. Neusticurus juruazensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1998)
      
      
1163. Neusticurus ocellatus  ______
      
      
1164. Neusticurus racenisi  ______
      
      
1165. Neusticurus rudis  ______
      
      
1166. Neusticurus tatei  ______
      
      
      Genus NOTHOBACHIA
      
      
1167. Nothobachia ablephara  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1984)
      
      
      Genus PLACOSOMA
      
      
1168. Cunha's Brazilian Lizard  (BRe)  ______
      Placosoma cipoense  
      
      
1169. Placosoma cordylinum  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1170. Placosoma glabella  (BRe)  ______
      
      
      Genus PROCELLOSAURINUS
      
      
1171. Rodrigues' Red Teiid  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991) 
      Procellosaurinus erthroocercus   
      
      
1172. Rodrigues' Four-fingered Teiid  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      Procellosaurinus tetredactylus  
      
      
      Genus PSILOPHTHALMUS
      
      
1173. Psilophthalmus paeminosus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      
      
      Genus PTYCHOGLOSSUS
      
      
1174. Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis  ______
      
      
      Genus RACHYSAURUS
      
      
1175. Rachysaurus brachylepis  ______  (described, in 1974) 
      
      
      Genus SCRIPTOSAURA
      
      
1176. Scriptosaura catimbau  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2008) 
      
      
      Genus STENOLEPIS
      
      
1177. Stenoolepis ridleyi  (BRe)  ______
      
      
      Genus TRETIOSCINCUS
      
      
1178. Tretioscincus agilis  ______
      
      
1179. Tretioscincus oriximinensis  ______  (recently described, in 1995)
      
      
      Genus VANZOSAURA
      
      
1180. Vanzosaura rubricauda  ______ 
      
      
      Family ANGUIDAE  (Galliwasps, Alligator Lizards, Glass Lizards)
      
      
      Genus DIPLOGLOSSUS 
      
      
1181. Diploglossus fasciatus  ______
      
      
1182. Diploglossus lessonae  ______
      
      
      Genus OPHIODES
      
      
1183. Ophiodes striatus  ______
      
      
1184. Ophiodes vertebralis  _____
      
      
1185. Ophiodes yacupoi  ______
      
      
      Suborder SERPENTES  (Snakes)
      
      
      Family ANOMALEPIDIDAE
      
      
      Genus LIOTYPHLOPS
      
      
1186. Liotyphlops beui  ______
      
      
1187. Liotyphiops ternetzii  ______
      
      
1188. Liotyphiops wilderi  ______
      
      
1189. Liotyphiops squamosus  ______
      
      
1190. Liotyphiops trefauti  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2007)
      
      
      Family TYPHLOPIDAE  (True Blind Snakes) 
      
      
      Genus THPHLOPS  
      
      
1191. Typhlops amoipira  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2002) 
      
      
1192. Black Blind Snake  (or BR: cobra-cega)  ______  mg: common in deforested areas  (described in 1976)
      Typhlops brongersmianus
      
      
1193. Typhlops minuisquamua  ______  (described in 1979)
      
      
1194. Pernambuco Worm Snake  (BRe)  ______  (described in 1979)
      Typhlops paucisquamus  
      
      
1195. Typhlops reticulatus  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      
      
1196. Yonenga Worm Snake  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1991)
      Typhlops yonenagae  
      
      
      Family LEPTOTYPHLOPIDAE  (Slender Blind Snakes)
      
      
      Genus LEPTOTYPHLOPS 
      
      
1197. Leptotyphlops borapeliotes  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1996) 
      
      
1198. Brazilian Blind Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Leptotyphlops brasiliensis
      
      
1199. Amaral's Blind Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Leptotyphlops koppesi
      
      
1200. Espiritu Santo Blind Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Leptotyphlops salgueiroi 
      
      
1201. Leptotyphlops fulgiinosus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2006)
      
      
1202. Leptotyphlops albifrons  ______
      
      
1203. Leptotyphlops australis  ______
      
      
1204. Leptotyphlops cupinensis  ______
      
      
1205. Leptotyphlops diaplocius  ______
      
      
1206. Leptotyphlops dimidiatus  ______
      
      
1207. Leptotyphlops macrolepis  ______
      
      
1208. Leptotyphlops munoai  ______
      
      
1209. Leptotyphlops septemstriatus  ______
       
      
      Family ANILIIDAE
      
      
      Genus ANILIUS
      
      
1210. Coral Pipesnake  (phRAA:194)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Anilius scytale
        
      
      Family TROPIDOPHIIDAE
      
      
      Genus TROPIDOPHIS
      
      
1211. Tropidophis paucisquamis
      
      
      Family BOIDAE  (Boa Family, the Boids)
      
      Genus BOA 
      
      
1212. Boa Constrictor  (or BR: Jiboia)  (ph)  ______  mg   (also called Imperial Boa) (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Boa constrictor constrictor  ("Red-tailed Boa")  (phRAA:196)
      Boa constrictor imperator  ("Common Boa")  (phRAA:197)
      
      
      
      A Boa Constrictor on a road in southeastern Mexico
      (photo by Peter Mooney)
      
      
      Genus CORALLUS
      
      
1213. Emerald Tree Boa  (phRAA:198)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Corallus caninus
      
      
1214. Cropan's Tree Boa  (BRe)  ______
      Corallus cropanii 
      
      
1215. Amazon Tree Boa  (phRAA:199)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Corallus hortulanus
      
      
      Genus EPICRATES
      
      
1216. Rainbow Boa  (or BR: Salamanta) (phRAA:200)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Epicrates c. cenchria
      
      
      Genus EUNECTES
      
      
1217. Common (or Green) Anaconda  (phRAA:201) (ph) (*)  ______  mg  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Eunectes murinus
      
      The Common (or Green) Anaconda is the largest of all snakes. Normally, it can grow up to 20 feet in length (or more, as noted below), and can weigh 330 pounds (or more, as noted below).
      Although some python species can grow longer, the Common (or Green) Anaconda is said to be the heaviest and largest snake in terms of diameter.
      Some reports of large Anacondas over the years have lacked confirmed verifications, but based on records:   
      It can weigh up to 550 pounds (227 kilograms).
      It can grow up to about 30 feet in length (8.8 meters).
      It can be 12 inches (30 centimeters) in diameter.
      
      
      
      Three Photos of Anacondas in Brazil.  Note in the bottom photo 
      that Eunectes murinus is not always green. Some are tan. 
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
1218. Yellow Anaconda  (or BR: Sucuri-amarela)  ______  mg: common in seasonally flooded areas
      Eunectes notaeus
      
      
1219. Dark-spotted Anaconda  ______
      Eunectes deschauenseei
      
      
      Family COLUBRIDAE  (Colubrid Snakes)
      
      
      Genus APOSTOLEPIS
      
      
1220. Apostolepis albicolaris  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2002)
      
      
1221. Apostolepis ambinigra  ______
      
      
1222. Apostolepis ammodites  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
1223. Apostolepis arenarius  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1992)
      
      
1224. Apostolepis assimilis  ______
      
      
1225. Gomes' Burrowing Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Apostolepis cearensis
      
      
1226. Apostolepis cerradoensis  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1227. Apostolepis christineae  ______  (recently described, in 2002) 
      
      
1228. Crowned Burrowing Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Apostolepis coronata
      
      
1229. Apostolepis dimidiata  ______
      
      
1230. Apostolepis dorbignyi  ______
      
      
1231. Central Burrowing Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Apostolepis flavotorquata
      
      
1232. Apostolepis gaboi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1992)
      
      
1233. Goias Burrowing Snake  (BRe)  ______  
      Apostolepis goiasensis
      
      
1234. Mato Grosso Burrowing Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Apostolepis intermedia
      
      
1235. Apostolepis lineata  ______
      
      
1236. Longhead Burrowing Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Apostolepis longicaudata
      
      
1237. Apostolepis niceforoi  ______
      
      
1238. Apostolepis nigroterminata  ______
      
      
1239. Apostolepis polylepis  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1240. Apostolepis pymi  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1241. Apostolepis quirogai  ______  (recently described, in 1998)
      
      
1242. Apostolepis rondoni  ______ 
      
      
1243. Apostolepis sanctaeritae  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1244. Apostolepis serrana  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2006)
      
      
1245. Apostolepis vittata  (BRe)  ______     
      
      
      Genus ATRACTUS
      
      
1246. Albuquerque Ground Snake  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, on 1983)
      Atractus albuquerquei
      
      
1247. Alphonse's Ground Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Atractus alphonsehogei
      
      
1248. Atractus badius  ______
      
      
1249. Atractus caxiuana  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2006)
      
      
1250. Atractus edioi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
1251. Atractus elaps  ______
      
      
1252. Attractus flammigerus  ______
      
      
1253. Atrtractus guentheri  ______
      
      
1254. Atractus insipidus  ______
      
      
1255. Wedge-tailed Earth Snake  (phRAA:203)  ______
      Atractus latifrons  
      
      
1256. Atractus maculatus  ______
      
      
1257. Atactus major  ______
      
      
1258. Atractus natans  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1259. Atractus pantostictus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1993)
      
      
1260. Atractus poeppingi  ______
      
      
1261. Atractus potschi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1995) 
      
      
1262. Atractus reticulatus  ______
      
      
1263. Atractus ronnie  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2007)
      
      
1264. Atractus schach  ______
      
      
1265. Sao Paulo Ground Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Atractus serranus
      
      
1266. Atractus snethlageae  ______  (recently described in 1983)
      
      
1267. Atractus surucucu  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2008)
      
      
1268. Atractus taeniatus  ______
      
      
1269. Atractus thalesdelemai  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
1270. Rusty Earth Snake  (phRAA:206)  ______
      Atractus torquatus  ______
      
      
1271. Southern Ground Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Atractus trihedrurus
      
      
1272. Atractus trilineatus  ______
      
      
1273. Atractus zebrinus  ______
      
      
1274. Atractus zidoki  ______  (described in 1979)
      
      
      Genus BOIRUNA
      
      
1275. Boiruna maculata  ______
      
      
1276. Boiruna sertaneja  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1996)
        
      
      Genus CALAMODONTOPHIS
      
      
1277. Tropical Forest Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Calamodontophis paucidens    
      
      
1278. Calamodontophis ronaldoi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2006)
      
      
      Genus CERCOPHIS
      
      
1279. Cercophis auratus  ______
      
      
      Genus CHIRONIUS
      
      
1280. Chironius bicarinatus  ______
      
      
1281. Machete Savone  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Chironius carinatus
      
      
1282. Common Whipsnake  (phRAA:207)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Chironius exoletus
      
      
1283. Chironius flavolineatus  ______
      
      
1284. Olive Whipsnake  (phRAA:208)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Chironius fuscus
      
      
1285. Brazilian Sipo  (BRe)  ______
      Chironius laevicollis
      
      
1286. Chironius laurenti  ______  mg
      
      
1287. Long-tailed Machete Savone  ______
      Chironius multiventris  
      
      
1288. Chironius quadricarinatus  ______  mg: common in forested areas
      
      
1289. Smooth Machete Savone  (or Wagler's Sipo) (phRAA:209)  ______  (also called Rusty Whipsnake)
      Chironius scurrulus
      
      
      Genus CLELIA
      
      
1290. Bicolored Mucurana  (or BR: Mucurana)  ______  mg: common in deforested areas
      Clelia bicolor
      
      
1291. Mussurana  (phRAA:210) ______  mg: uncommon in deforested areas  (range: from Belize to Uruguay & Argentina)
      Clelia cielia
      
      
1292. Clelia hussami  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1293. Clelia montana  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1997)
      
      
1294. Clelia plumbea  ______
      
      
1295. Clelia quimi  ______  (recently described, in 1997)
      
      
1296. Clelia rustica  ______  
      
      
      Genus DENDROPHIDION
      
      
1297. Tawny Forest Racer  (phRAA:211)  ______
      Dendrophidion dendrophis  
      
      
      Genus DIPSAS
      
      
1298. Dipsas albifrons  ______
      
      
1299. Dipsas altenans  ______
      
      
1300. Ornate Snail-eater  (phRAA:212)  ______
      Dipsas catesbyi  ______
      
      
1301. Jan's Snail-eater  (BRe)  ______
      Dipsas incerta  
      
      
1302. Big-headed Snail-eater  (phRAA:213)  ______
      Dipsas indica  ______
      
      
      
1303. Bahia Snail-eater  (BRe)  ______
      Dipsas neivai
      
      
1304. Dipsas pavonina  ______
      
      
1305. Variegated Snail-eater  (phRAA:213)  ______
      Dipsas variegata  ______
      
      
      Genus DITAXODON
      
      
1306. Hensel's Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Ditaxodon taeniatus 
      
      
      Genus DREPANOIDES
      
      
1307. Amazon Egg-eating Snake  (phRAA:215)  ______
      Drepanoides anomalus  ______
      
      
      Genus DRYMARCHON 
      
      
1308. Indigo Snake  (or BR: Papa-pinto) (phRAA:216)  ______  (also called Yellow-tailed Cribo)  mg: common in forested areas  (range: from the southern United States to northern Argentina)
      Drymarchon corais
      
      
      Genus DRYMOBIUS 
      
      
1309. Drymobius rhombifer  ______
      
      
      Genus DRYMOLUBER
      
      
1310. Brazilian Woodland Racer  (BRe)  ______
      Drymoluber brazili
      
      
1311. Common Glossy Racer  (phRAA:217)  ______
      Drymokuber dichrous  ______
      
      
      Genus ECHINANTHERA
      
      
1312. Echinanthera affinis  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1313. Echinanthera amoena  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1314. Echinanthera bilineata  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1315. Echinanthera brevirostris  ______
      
      
1316. Echinanthera cephalomaculata  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1994)
      
      
1317. Echinanthera cephalostriata  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1996)
      
      
1318. Echinanthera cyanopleura  ______
      
      
1319. Echinanthera melanostigma  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1320. Echinanthera occipitalis  ______
      
      
1321. Echinanthera persimilis  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1322. Echinanthera poecilopogon  ______
      
      
1323. Echinanthera undulata  ______  
      
      
      Genus ELAPOMORPHUS
      
      
1324. Minas Gerais Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Elapomorphus lepidus
      
      
1325. Raddi's Lizard-eating Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Elapomorphus quinquelineatus
      
      
1326. Wucherer's Lizard-eating Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Elapomorphus wuchereri
      
      
      Genus ERYTHROLAMPRUS
      
      
1327. Common False Coral Snake  (phRAA:218)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1766) 
      Erythrolanprus aesculapii
      
      
1328. Erythrolamprus mimus  ______
      
      
      Genus GOMESOPHIS
      
      
1329. Brazilian Burrowing Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Gomesophis brasiliensis  
      
      
      Genus HELICOPS
      
      
1330. Banded South American Water Snake  (phRAA:219)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Helicops angulatus
      
      
1331. Helicops cariniocaudus  ______  rs
      
      
1332. Sao Paulo Keelback  (BRe)  ______
      Helicops gomesi   
      
      
1333. Helicops hagmanni  ______
      
      
1334. Helicops infrataeniatus  ______
      
      
1335. Spotted Watersnake  (or BR: Cobra-d'Agua)  (phRAA:220)  ______  mg: common in seasonally flooded areas
      Helicops leopardinus
      
      
1336. Olive Keelback   (BRe)  ______
      Helicops modestus
      
      
1337. Helicops polylepis  ______
      
      
1338. Helicops tapajonicus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
1339. Equatorial Keelback  (BRe)  ______  rs
      Helicops trivittatus
      
      
      Genus HYDRODYNASTES
      
      
1340. Hydrodynastes bibinctus  ______
      
      
1341. (Giant) False Water Cobra  (or BR: Jaracucu)  (phRAA:221) (*)  ______  mg: common in a variety of habitats
      Hydrodynastes gigas
      
      
1342. Hydrodynastes melanogifas  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2007)
      
      
      Genus HYDROPS 
      
      
1343. BR: Cobra d'Agua  (*)  ______  mg
      Hydrops caesurus
      
      
1344. Coral Mud Snake  (phRAA:222)  ______
      Hydrops martii  ______
      
      
1345. Water Coral  ______
      Hydrops triangularis
      
      
      Genus IMANTODES
      
      
1346. Blunthead Tree Snake  (phRAA:223)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Imantodes cenchoa  
      
      
      Genus LEPTODEIRA
      
      
1347. Banded Cat-eyed Snake  (phRAA:225)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Leptodeira annulata  
      
      
      Genus LEPTOPHIS  (Parrot Snakes)
      
      
1348. Green Treesnake  (or BR:Cobra-cipo)  (also called Parrot Snake)  (phRAA:226)  ______  mg: common in forested areas, less common in deforested areas  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Leptophis ahaetulla  
      
      
      Genus LIOHETEROPHIS
      
      
1349. Ihering's Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Lioheterophis iheringi
      
      
      Genus LIOPHIS
      
      
1350. Swamp Snake  ______  rs  mg: uncommon in deforested areas
      Liophis alamdensis
      
      
1351. Amaral's Ground Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Liophis amarali
      
      
1352. Liophis anomalus  ______
      
      
1353. Dixon's Ground Snake  (t3) (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1985)
      Liophis atraventer
      
      
1354. Tricolored Swamp Snake  (phRAA:227)  ______
      Liophis breviceps  ______
      
      
1355. Liophis carajasensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1985)
      
      
1356. Liophis cobella  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      
      
1357. Liophis dilepis  ______
      
      
1358. Liophis festae  ______
      
      
1359. Liophis flavifrenatus  ______
      
      
1360. Liophis frenatus  ______
      
      
1361. Liophis jaegeri  ______
      
      
1362. Liophis lineatus  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      
      
1363. Maryellen's Ground Snake  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1985)
      Liophis maryellenae
      
      
1364. Liophis melanauchen  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1365. Lined Ground Snake  (or BR: Cobar-de grama)  ______  mg
      Liophis meridionalis  
      
      
1366. Liophis miliaris  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      
      
1367. Liophis mossoroensis  ______  (described in 1972) 
      
      
1368. Hoge's Ground Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Liophis paucidens
      
      
1369. BR: Mata-cavalo, or Jararaquinha, or Corre-campo  ______  rs  mg: common in deforested areas, less common in forested and seasonally flooded areas
      Liophis poecilogyrus
      
      
1370. Common Swamp Snake  (phRAA:228)  ______  mg:  uncommon in seasonally flooded areas  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Liophis reginae  
      
      
1371. Liophis taeniogaster  ______
      
      
1372. Velvety Swamp Snake  (phRAA:229)  ______  rs  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Liophis typhius
      
      
1373. Liophis viridis  ______
      
      
      Genus LYSTROPHIS
      
      
1374. Lystrophis dorbignyi  ______
      
      
1375. Lystrophis histricus  ______
      
      
1376. Lystrophis matogrossensis  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1993)
      
      
1377. Lystrophis nattereri  ______
      
      
      Genus MASTICOPHIS
      
      
1378. Masticophis mentovarius  ______
      
      
      Genus MASTIGODRYAS
      
      
1379. Racer Snake  (or BR: Cascavel-do-charco)  (phRAA:230)  ______  mg: common in forested areas, less common in deforested areas
      Mastigodryas bifossatus
      
      
1380. Machete Couesse  ______  mg
      Mastigodryas boddaerti  
      
      
      Genus NINIA
      
      
1381. Ninia hudsoni  ______
      
      
      Genus OXYBELIS  (Neotropical Vine Snakes)  
      
      
1382. Brown Vine Snake  (phRAA:231)  ______
      Oxybelis aeneus  
      
      
1383. Green Vine Snake  (phRAA:233) (ph)  ______   (range: Mexico to Argentina) 
      Oxybelis fulgidus
      
      
      
      Green Vine Snake
      (photo by Sally Brady)
      
      
      Genus OXYRHOPUS
      
      
1384. Oxyrhopus clathratus  ______  rs
      
      
1385. Yellow-headed Calico Snake  (phRAA:234)  ______
      Oxythropus formosus  
      
      
1386. Oxythropus guibei  ______
      
      
1387. Tschuldi's False Coral Snake  (phRAA:235)  ______  (also called Black-headed Calico Snake)
      Oxythropus melanogenys  
      
      
1388. Banded Calico Snake  (or BR: Falsa-coral)  (phRAA:236)  ______  mg  (Mexico to Brazil) (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Oxythropus petola  
      
      
1389. Diamondback Flame Snake  (or BR: Falsa-coral)  ______  mg
      Oxythropus rhombifer  
      
      
1390. Brazilian Calico Snake  (phRAA:237)  ______
      Oxythropus trigeminus  
      
      
      
      Brazilian Calico Snake
      
      
      Genus PHALOTRIS
      
      
1391. Phalotris concolor  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1993)
      
      
1392. Phalotris lativittatus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1993)
      
      
1393. Phalotris labiomaculatus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2002) 
      
      
1394. Phalotris lemniscatus  ______
      
      
1395. False Coral Snake  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      Phalotris matogrossensis
      
      
1396. Phalotris mertensi  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1397. Phalotris multipunctatus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1993)
      
      
1398. Phalotris nasutus  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1399. Phalotris tricolor  ______
      
      
      Genus PHILODRYAS
      
      
1400. Philodryas aestiva  ______
      
      
1401. Arnaldo's Green Racer  (BRe)  ______
      Philodryas arnaldoi
      
      
1402. Philodryas livida  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1403. Philodryas mattogrossensis  ______
      
      
1404. Philodryas nattereri  (*)  ______  mg
      
      
1405. Green Snake  (or BR: cobra-verde)  ______  mg
      Philodryas olfersii
      
      
1406. Philodryas oligolepis  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1407. Philodryas patagoniensis  ______
      
      
1408. Philodryas psammophidea  ______
      
      
1409. Emerald Palmsnake  (phRAA:238)  ______
      Philodryas vivridissimus  
      
      
      Genus PHIMOPHIS
      
      
1410. Phimophis chui  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1993)
      
      
1411. Phimophis guerini  ______
      
      
1412. Phimophis guianensis  ______
      
      
1413. Gomes' Pampas Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Phimophis iglesiasi   
      
      
1414. Phimophis scriptorcibatus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 1993) 
      
      
      Genus PSEUDABLABES
      
      
1415. Pseudablabes agassizii  ______
      
      
      Genus PSEUDOBOA
      
      
1416. Amazon Scarlet Snake  (phRAA:239)  ______
      Pseudoboa coronata  ______
      
      
1417. Pseudoboa haasi  ______
      
      
1418. Pseudoboa martinsi  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2008)
      
      
1419. Ratonel  (phRAA:240)  ______  (also called Eastern Scarlet Snake)
      Pseudoboa neuwiedii    
      
      
1420. Brazilian Blacksnake  (or BR: Mucurana)  ______  mg: common in deforested areas, less common in forested areas 
      Pseudoboa nigra
      
      
1421. Pseudoboa serrana  (BRe)   ______  (recently described, in 1995) 
      
      
      Genus PSEUDOERYX
      
      
1422. Eel Snake (or Pond Snake)  (or BR: cobra d'agua)  (phRAA:241)  ______  (also called Dusky Mud Snake)  mg: uncommon in seasonally flooded areas  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Pseudoeryx plicatilis
      
      
      Genus PSEUSTES  (Puffing Snakes)
      
      
1423. Pseustes cinnamomeus  ______
      
      
1424. Dos Cocorite  (phRAA:242)  ______  (also called Common Bird Snake)  
      Pseustes poecilonotus  
      
      
1425. Pseustes sexcarinatus  ______
      
      
1426. Yellow-bellied Puffing Snake  (or BR: Caninana)  (phRAA:243)  ______  (also called Giant Bird Snake)  mg
      Pseustes sulphureus  ______
      
      
      Genus PSOMOPHIS
      
      
1427. Spirit Ground Snake  (or BR: cobra-cabelo)  ______  mg
      Psomophis genimaculatus  
      
      
1428. Psomophis joberti  ______
      
      
1429. Psomophis obtusus  ______
       
      
      Genus PTYCHOPHIS
      
      
1430. Fanged Water Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Ptychophis flavovirgatus
      
      
      Genus RHACHIDELUS
      
      
1431. Rhachidelus brazili  ______
      
      
      Genus RHINOBOTHRYUM
      
      
1432. Amazon Ringed Snake  (phRAA:244)  ______
      Rhinobothryum lentiginosum  
      
      
      Genus SIBON  (Snail Suckers)
      
      
1433. Clouded Snake  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Sibon nebulata  
      
      
      Genus SIBYNOMORPHUS
      
      
1434. Neuwied's Tree Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Sibynomorphus neuwiedi
      
      
1435. Sibynomorphus mikanii  ______
      
      
1436. Sleep Snake  (or BR: dormideira)  ______  mg
      Sibynomorphus turgidus  
      
      
1437. Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus  ______
      
      
      Genus SIMOPHIS
      
      
1438. Sao Paulo False Coral Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Simophis rhinostoma
      
      
      Genus SIPHLOPHIS
      
      
1439. Checkerbelly  (phRAA:245)  ______  (also called Common Liana Snake)
      Siphlophis cervinus 
      
      
1440. Siphlophis compressus  ______
      
      
1441. Common Spotted Night Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Siphlophis leucocephalus
      
      
1442. Siphlophis longicaudatus  ______
      
      
1443. Guanabara Spotted Night Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Siphlophis pulcher
      
      
1444. Worontzow's Spotted Night Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Siphlophis worontzowi 
      
      
      Genus SORDELLINA
      
      
1445. Dotted Brown Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Sordellina punctata
      
      
      Genus SPILOTES
      
      
1446. Tiger Treesnake  (or BR: caninana)  (phRAA:246)  ______  mg  (also called Tiger Ratsnake)  (range: from Mexico to Brazil) (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Spilotes pullatus
      
      
      Genus TAENIOPHALUS
      
      
1447. Taeniophalus nicagus  ______
      
      
1448. Spotted Groundsnake  ______  mg
      Taeniophalus occipitalis
      
      
      Genus TANTILLA  (Centipede Snakes)
      
      
1449. Tantilla boipiranga  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1450. Black-headed Snake  (or BR: cobra-de-coroa)  ______  mg  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
      Tantilla melanocephala  
      
      
      Genus THAMNODYNASTES
      
      
1451. Thamnodynastes almae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1452. Chaco Sepia Snake  (or BR: falsa-jararaca)  ______  mg  (recently described, in 1993)
      Thamnodynastes chaquensis
      
      
1453. Thamnodynastes hypoconia  ______  mg
      
      
1454. BR: Falsa-jararaca  ______  mg  (recently described, in 2005)
      Thamnodynastes lanei
      
      
1455. Thamnodynastes longicaudus  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2003)
      
      
1456. Common Mock Viper  (phRAA:248)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Thamnodynastes pallidus
      
      
1457. Prado's Coastal House Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Thamnodynastes rutilus
      
      
1458. Thamnodynastes sertanejo  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2005)
      
      
1459. Thamnodynastes strigatus  ______  rs  mg: common in deforested areas, less common in forested and seasonally flooded areas
      
      
      Genus TOMODON
      
      
1460. Tomodon degener  (BRe)  ______
      
      
1461. Tomodon dorsatus  ______  rs
      
      
1462. Tomodon ocellatus  ______  rs
      
      
      Genus TROPIDODRYAS
      
      
1463. Serra Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Tropidodryas serra
      
      
1464. Jiboinha  (BRe)  ______
      Tropidodryas striaticeps
      
      
      Genus UMBRIVAGA
      
      
1465. Umbrivaga pygmaea  ______
      
      
      Genus UROMACERINA
      
      
1466. Sao Paulo Sharp Snake  (BRe)  ______
      Uromacerina ricardinii  
      
      
      Genus UROTHECA
      
      
1467. Urotheca euryzona  ______
      
      
      Genus WAGLEROPHIS
      
      
1468. Waglerophis merremii  ______ 
      
      
      Genus XENODON
      
      
1469. Gunther's False Fer-de-alnce  (BRe)  ______
      Xenodon guentheri
      
      
1470. False Terciopelo  (phRAA:250)  ______  (also called False Fer-de-lance, or Common False Viper) (from Mexico to Amazonian South America) 
      Xenodon rabdocephalus
      
      
1471. Giant False Viper  (phRAA:251)  ______
      Xenodon severus  ______
      
      
      Genus XENOPHOLIS
      
      
1472. Flat-headed Snake  (phRAA:252)  ______
      Xenopholis scalaris  ______
      
      
1473. Xenopholis undulatus  ______  mg: uncommon in deforested areas 
      
      
1474. Scaled Ground Snake  ______  mg  (recently described, in 2009)
      Xenopholis werdingorum
      
      
      Genus XENOXYBELIS 
      
      
1475. Green-striped Vine Snake  (phRAA:232)  ______
      Xenoxybelis argenteus  ______
      
      
1476. Xenoxybelis boulengeri  ______
      
      
      Family ELAPIDAE  (Coral Snakes)  (VENOMOUS)
      
      
      Genus LEPTOMICRURUS
      
      
1477. Leptomicrurus collaris  ______
      
      
1478. Leptomicrurus narduccii  _______
      
      
1479. Leptomicrurus scutiventris  ______
      
      
      Genus MICRURUS  
      
      
1480. Uruguayan Coral Snake  ______  (Brazil, Uruguay, & northeast Argentina)
      Micrurus altirostris
      
      
1481. Annellated Coral Snake  ______  (western Brazil, and eastern Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia)
      Micrurus annelatus
      
      
1482. Black-headed Coral Snake  (phRAA:256)  ______  am  (in Brazil near Manaus, Guyana, & Suriname)
      Micrurus averyi  
      
      
1483. Brazilian Coral Snake  (BRe)  ______  (southeastern & south-central Brazil)
      Micrurus brasiliensis
      
      
1484. Painted Coral Snake  (*)  ______  (in Atlantic Forest from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul)
      Micrurus corallinus  
      
      
1485. Decorated Coral Snake  (BRe)  (*)  ______  (coastal region of southeast Brazil)
      Micrurus decoratus  
      
      
1486. Slender Coral Snake  (pjRAA:257)  ______
      Micrurus filiformis  
      
      
1487. Cerrado Coral Snake  ______  (Brazil & northeast Argentina)
      Micrurus frontalis
      
      
1488. Orange-ringed Coral Snake  (phRAA:258)  ______
      Micrurus hemprichii  
      
      
1489. Caatinga Coral Snake  (BRe)  ______  (in eastern Brazil south of the Amazon, in Bahia)
      Micrurus ibiboboca 
      
      
1490. Langsdorff's Coral Snake  (phRAA:259)  ______  (in the upper Amazon Basin in northwestern Brazil, and nearby Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
      Micrurus langsdorffii   
      
      
1491. Ribbon Coral Snake  (phRAA:260,261)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) (in most of lowland South America)
      Micrurus lemniscatus helleri  ("Western Ribbon Coral Snake") (phRAA:260)
      Micrurus l. lemniscatus  ("Eastern Ribbon Coral Snake") (phRAA:261) 
      
      ("Western Ribbon Coral Snake") (phRAA:260)
      Micrurus l. lemniscatus  ("Eastern Ribbon Coral Snake") (phRAA:261) 
      
      
1492. Micrurus pacaraimae  ______  (recently described, in 2002)
      
      
1493. Para Coral Snake  ______  (described in 1973) (northeast & central Brazil, and Suriname) 
      Micrurus paraensis
      
      
1494. Carib Coral Snake  ______  (in northern South America)
      Micrurus psyches
      
      
1495. Putumayo Coral Snake  ______  (in northwestern Brazil and adjacent Colombia & Peru)
      Micrurus putumayensis    
      
      
1496. Argentinian Coral Snake  ______  (in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay) 
      Micrurus pyrrhocryptus  
      
      
1497. Neblina Coral Snake  (phRAA:263)  ______  (in eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, & adjacent Brazil)
      Micrurus remotus
      
      
1498. Micrurus silivae  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2007)  (in far-southern Brazil, in Rio Grande do Sul)
      
      
1499. Amazon Coral Snake  (phRAA:264,265)  ______  (in the Amazon & Orinoco River basins)
      Micrurus spixii obscurus  ("Western Amazon Coral Snake") (phRAA:264) 
      Micrurus s. spixii  ("Central Amazon Coral Snake") (phRAA:265)
      
      
1500. Aquatic Coral Snake  (phRAA:266)  ______
      Micrurus surinamensis  
      
      
1501. Micrurus tricolor  ______  mg: uncommon in deforested areas  (in Mato Grosso & adjacent Paraguay) (said to be conspecific with Micrurus pyrrhocryptus, formerly so with Micrurus frontalis) 
      
      
      Family VIPERIDAE  (Viper Family)  (VENOMOUS)
      
      
      Genus BOTHRIOPSIS
      
      
1502. Two-striped Forest Pit Viper  (or Amazonian Palm Viper)  (phRAA:267,268)  ______ 
      Bothriopsis b. bilineata  ("Eastern Striped Forest Pit Viper")  (phRAA:267)
      Bothriopsis bilneata smaragdina  ("Western Striped Forest Pit Viper") (phRAA:268)    
      
      
1503. Speckled Forest Pit Viper  (phRAA:269)  ______
      Bothriopsis taeniata  
      
      
      Genus BOTHROCOPHIAS
      
      
1504. Bothrocophias hyoprora  ______  
      
      
      Genus BOTHROPS  (Lanceheads)
      
      A genus of venomous pitvipers in Central & South America. The 32 species now recognized, totally, range from small, not growing to more than 50 to 70 centimeters, to large at over 200 centimeters in length. Most are characterized by having an unelevated snout.
      Snakes in this genus are responsible for more fatalities in the Americas than any other group of venomous snakes.
      
      
1505. Alcatrazes Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2002)
      Bothrops alcatraz  
      
      
1506. Bothrops alternatus  ______  rs  (in southeastern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northern Argentina)
      
      
1507. Common Lancehead  (phRAA:270)  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) (in the northern half of Brazil, and in other countries in northern South America, in tropical lowlands)
      Bothrops atrox
      
      Bothrops atrox has commonly been called "fer-de-lance". However, now many scientists and hobbyists restrict that name to the species on Martinique in the West Indies, Bothrops lanceolatus. 
      
      
      
      This species of Fer-de-lance (known as the Terciopelo) 
      is actually Bothrops asper of Central America, 
      which is very similar to Bothrops atrox, 
      (photo by Peter Mooney during a FONT tour)
      
      
1508. Velvety (or Brazil's) Lancehead  (phRAA:271)  ______  (in Amazonian Brazil, as well as southern Colombia, eastern Peru, eastern Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guianas, and northern Bolivia)  
      Bothrops brazili
      
      
1509. Cotiara  ______  (in Araucaria forests in southern Brazil, in the states of Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul; also in northeast Argentina in Misiones) 
      Bothrops cotiara
      
      
1510. Bothrops diporus  ______
      
      
1511. Caatinga Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (in northeast Brazil in the states of Alagoas, Bahia, Ceara, extreme eastern Maranhao, Minas Gerais, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio Grande do Norte, and Sergipe)
      Bothrops erythromelas
      
      
1512. Fonseca's Lancehead  (BRe) (*)  ______  (in southeastern Brazil in the states of northeastern Sao Paulo, southern Rio de Janeiro, and southern Minas Gerais)
      Bothrops fonsecai
      
      
1513. Cerrado Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (in northeast Brazil in northern Piaui state)
      Bothrops iglesiasi
      
      
1514. Golden Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (only on Queimada Grande Island)
      Bothrops insularis
      
      Bothrops insularis is often found in trees.
      
      
1515. Cerrado Dwarf Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (in southeast Brazil in the states of Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Sao Paulo, and on the  Parana Plateau)  
      Bothrops itapetiningae
      
      
1516. Jararaca  ______  ig  (in southern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina in Misiones)  
      Bothrops jararaca
      
      
1517. Jararacussu  ______  (in eastern Brazil, from Bahia to Santa Catarina, and in Paraguay, southeastern Bolivia, and northeastern Argentina in Misiones)
      Bothrops jararacussu
      
      
1518. Bahia Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (in eastern Brazil, along the Atlantic coast from northern Espiritp Santo north to Alagoas and Ceara; also more inland in several parts of Bahia, and maybe west of the Sao Francisco River, but the identity of those disjunct populations is uncertain)  
      Bothrops leucurus
      
      
1519. Bothrops lutzi  ______
      
      
1520. Marajo Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (in northern Brazil, in the coastal lowlands of the Amazon Delta)
      Bothrops marajoensis
      
      
1521. Marbled Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (recently described, in 2008)
      Bothrops marmoratus
      
      
1522. Painted Lancehead (or BR:  jararaca)  ______  mg 
      Bothrops mattogrossensis  
      
      
1523. Brazilian Lancehead  (or BR: caicaca)  ______  mg: uncommon in seasonally flooded areas  (in central & southeastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, northeastern Argentina in Misiones)
      Bothrops moojeni  
      
      
1524. Murici Lancehead  (BRe) (ph)  ______  (recently described, in 2001)
      Bothrops muriciensis 
      
      
      
      Murici Lancehead
      (photo courtesy of Frank Stermitz)
      
      
1525. Neuwied's Lancehead  ______  mg: common in deforested areas, less common in forested areas  (in Brazil in southern Maranhao, Piaui, Ceaara, Bahia, Goias, and Mato Grosso, and with an isolated population in Amazonas, Rondonia and the southern Brazilian states; also in Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay) 
      Bothrops neuwiedi  
      
      
1526. Bothrops pauloensis  ______
      
      
1527. Piraja's Lancehead  (BRe)  ______  (in central & southern Bahia, and possibly in Minas Gerais)
      Bothrops pirajai
      
      
1528. Bothrops pubescens  ______
      
      
      Genus CROTALUS
      
      
1529. South American Rattlesnake  (or BR: Cascavel)  (phRAA:273,274)  ______  rs  mg: uncommon in forested and deforested areas  (species described by Linnaeus in 1758) 
      Crotalus durissus  (was at one time Crotalus horridus)
      Crotalus durissus dryinas  ("Amazonian Rattlesnake") (phRAA:273)
      Crotalus durissus terrificus  ("Tropical Rattlesnake") (phRAA:274)   
      
      
      Genus LACHESIS
      
      
1530. South American Bushmaster  ______  (species described by Linnaeus in 1766) 
      Lachesis m. muta  ("Amazon Bushmaster") (phRAA:275)   
      
      Bushmasters of 7 feet or more in length are often seen, and individuals up to 8.5 feet are not uncommon. The largest authenticated size is 11 feet, 10 inches.
      
      
      
      Above & below: The South American (or "Amazonian")  Bushmaster
      (photos by Frank Stermitz) 
      
      
      
      
      
      
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