BIRDS
during
Focus On Nature Tours
in Japan
in the Fall and Winter

in November, December,
January. and February


List compiled by Armas Hill

In the list, Japanese bird names follow those in English.


Photo at upper right of a STELLER'S SEA EAGLE, photographed during a FONT tour  

Codes:

(t): a globally threatened or rare species, designated by Birdlife International.
(t1): critical
(t2): endangered
(t3): vulnerable
(nt): considered a near-threatened species globally

(JPvr): very rare in Japan
(JPr):  rare in Japan
(JPrw): rare in Japan in the winter 
(JPe):  Japanese endemic
(JPeb): Japanese endemic breeder
(JPneb): Japanese near-endemic breeder
(JPi):  introduced in Japan

HK: on the northern island of Hokkaido  (p: also offshore pelagic; po: pelagic only)
HN: on the main island of Honshu  (p: also offshore Pacific pelagic; po: pelagic only)  
KY: on the southern island of Kyushu
AM: on Amami Island (in Nansei Shoto)
OK: on Okinawa (in Nansei Shoto)
NS: elsewhere in Nansei Shoto  (p: pelagic between Okinawa & Amami)   

Following the two-letter island code, the months when found during FONT fall/winter tours are noted,

(ph): species with a photograph in the FONT website
 

Available from Focus in Nature Tours is a booklet listing all of the birds of Japan including the nearly 400 species of birds that have been found during FONT Japan Tours, noting the islands where and the months when. 
E-mail us if you wish a copy. There is no charge.  


Links: 

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Japan

Some Highlights from Past FONT Tours in Japan   

A List & Photo Gallery of Japan Birds, in 2 Parts:
Part #1: Pheasants to Pittas
Part #2: Minivets to Buntings  

Cranes of Japan  (with photos)

Rare Birds of Japan  (with some photos)

Mammals of Japan  (with some photos)

Bird-List:

1. Copper Pheasant  (Yamadori)  (nt) (JPe) (ph)  ______  HN:jan  KY:jan,dec
   Syrmaticus soemmerringii
   
   
2. Green Pheasant  (Kiji)  (JPe)  ______  HN:jan  KY:jan,nov,dec
   Phasianus versicolor
   
   
3. Chinese Bamboo Partridge  (Kojukeu)  (JPi)  ______  KY:jan,feb,dec
   Bambusicola t. thoracia
   
   
4. Mute Swan  (Kobu-hakucho)  (JPi) (ph) ______  HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:dec  KY:jan,nov
   Cygnus olor
   
   
5. Whooper Swan  (O-hakucho)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec 
   Cygnus cygnus
   
   
6. "Bewick's"Tundra Swan  (Ko-hakucho)  ______  HN:jan  KY:jan,feb,nov
   Cygnus columbianus bewickii
   
   
7. Greylag Goose  (Haiiro-gan)  (JPr)  (ph) ______ HK:may,dec
   Anser anser rubrirostris
   
   
8. Greater White-fronted Goose  (Ma-gan)  ______  HN:jan,nov  HK;dec  KY:jan
   Anser albifrons frontalis
   
   
9. Taiga Bean Goose  (Hishikui)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov  KY:jan
   Anser fabalis middendorffii
   
   
10. Snow Goose  (Haku-gan)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HN:jan,nov
    Anser caerulescens hyperboreus
    
    
11. "Black" Brant Goose  (Koku-gan)  ______  HK:jan
    Branta bernicla
    
    
12. Common Shelduck  (Tsukushu-gamo)  ______  KY:jan,feb  AM:jan
    Tadorna tadorna
    
    
13. Mandarin Duck  (Oshidori)  (nt) (ph) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Aix galericulata 
    
    
14. Eurasian Wigeon (incl green-faced form)   (Hidori-gamo)  (ph) ______ HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Anas penelope 
    
    
15. American Wigeon  (Amerika-hidori)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:dec  KY:feb
    Anas americana
    
    
16. Falcated Duck  (Yoshi-gamo)  (nt) (ph)   ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,nov,dec
    Anas falcata
    
    
17. Baikal Teal  (Tomoe-gamo)  (t3) (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov  KY:jan
    Anas formosa
    
    
18. Eurasian Teal  (Ko-gamo) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov.dec  AM:jan  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Anas c. crecca
    
    The Eurasian Teal was considered conspecific with the Green-winged Teal on North America, Anas carollinensis.
    
    
19. Gadwall  (Okayoshi-gamo)  (ph) ______ HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:dec  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:jan  OK:jan
    Anas s. strepera 
    
    
20. Mallard  (Ma-gamo)  (ph) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
    Anas p. platyrhynchos
    
    
21. Eastern Spot-billed Duck  (Karu-gamo)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:nov
    Anas poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha
    
    
22. Northern Pintail  (Onaga-gamo)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,nov,dec  AM:nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
    Anas a. acuta
    
    
23. Northern Shoveler   (Hashibiro-gamo) ______ HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,dec  AM:jan,dec  OK:feb,nov
    Anas clypeata
    
    
24. Red-crested Pochard  (Akahashi-hajiro)  (JPr)  ______  HN:feb
    Netta rufina
    
    
25. Common Pochard   (Hoshi-hajiro)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan,dec  OK:jan
    Aythya ferina
    
    
26. Baer's Pochard  (Aka-hajiro)  (JPr)  ______  HN:jan
    Aythya baeri
    
    
27. Ring-necked Duck  (Kubiwa-kinkuro)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HN:jan
    Aythya collaris
    
    
28. Tufted Duck   (Kinkuro-hajiro) ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,dec  OK:jan
    Aythya fuligula
    
    
29. Greater Scaup   (Suzu-gamo) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Aythya marila mariloides
    
    
30. Harlequin Duck   (Shinori-gamo)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Histrionicus histrionicus pacificus
    
    
31. Long-tailed Duck  (Kori-gamo)  (ph)  ______  HN(p):feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Clangula hyemalis
    
    
32. Black Scoter  (Kuro-gamo)  (ph)  ______ HK, HN(p):jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Melanitta americana
    
    The Black Scoter was considered conspecific with the Common Scoter of Europe, Melanitta nigra.
    
    
33. "Stejneger's" White-winged Scoter   (Birodo-kinkuro)  ______  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Melanitta (deglandi) stejnegeri
    
    The Stejneger's" White-winged Scoter is considered conspecific with the White-winged Scoter of North America, Melanitta deglandi, and was formerly so with the Velvet Scoter of Europe, Melanitta fusca.
    
    
34. Bufflehead  (Hime-hajiro)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HK:jan
    Bucephala albeola
    
    
35. Common Goldeneye  (Hojiro-gamo)  ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan
    Bucephala c. clangula
    
    
36. Smew   (Miko-aisa)  ______ HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan
    Mergus albellus
    
    
37. Red-breasted Merganser   (Umi-aisa)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan
    Mergus serrator 
    
    
38. Scaly-sided (or Chinese) Merganser  (Korai-aisa)  (t3) (JPr)  ______  HN:jan
    Mergus squamatus
    
    
39. Common Merganser (or Goosander)  (Kawa-aisa) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Mergus m. merganser  
    
    
40. Yellow-billed Loon  (Hashijiro-abi)  (JPr)  ______  HN(po):jan  HK:jan
    Gavia adamsii
    
    In Europe, the Yellow-billed Loon is called the White-billed Diver. 
     
    
41. Red-throated Loon  (Abi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,nov
    Gavia stellata
    
    In Europe, the Red-throated Loon is called the Red-throated Diver.
    
    
42. Pacific Loon (or Diver)  (Shiroeri-ohamu)  (ph)  ______ HN(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Gavia pacifica
    
    In Europe, the Pacific Loon is called the Pacific Diver.
    
    
43. Arctic Loon  (Ohamu) ______ HN(p):jan  HK:jan,nov
    Gavia arctica viridigularis 
    
    In Europe, the Arctic Loon is called the Black-throated Diver.
    
    
44. Black-footed Albatross  (Kuroashi-ahodori)  (t3) ______ HN(po):jan,nov
    Phoebastria (formerly Diomedea) nigripes
    
    
45. Laysan Albatross   (Ko-ahodori) ______  HN(po):jan,feb,nov,dec
    Phoebastria (formerly Diomedea) immutabilis
    
    
46. Short-tailed (or Steller's) Albatross  (Ahodori)  (t2) (JPeb)  ______ HN(po):jan
    Phoebastria (formerly Diomedea) albatrus 
    
    
47. Northern Fulmar   (Furuma-kamome)  (ph)  ______ HN(po):jan,feb,nov,dec
    Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii
    
    
48. Bonin's Petrel  (Shirohara-mizunagidori)  ______  HN(po):jan
    Pterodroma hypoleuca 
    
    
49. Streaked Shearwater  (O-mizunagidori)  (JPneb)  ______ HN(po):jan,nov,dec  
    Calonectris leucomelas 
    
    
50. Flesh- (or Pale-) footed Shearwater  (Akaashi-mizunagidori) ______  HN(po):nov  
    Puffinus carneipes
    
    
51. Short-tailed Shearwater  (Hashiboso-mizunagidori) ______ HN(po):jan,nov,dec
    Puffinus tenuirostris
    
    
52. Sooty (or Tristram's) Storm-Petrel  (O-suton-umitsubame)  (nt) ______ HN(po):jan,dec
    Oceandroma tristrami
    
    
53. Fork-tailed (or Grey) Storm Petrel  (Haiiro-umitsubame)  ______  HN(po):jan,feb,nov,dec
    Oceanodroma f. furgata
    
    
54. Little Grebe  (Kaitsuburi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:jan  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
    Tachybaptus ruficollis poggei
    
    
55. Black-necked (or Eared) Grebe  (Hajiro-kaitsuburi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan
    Podiceps n. nigricollis
    
    
56. Horned (or Slavonian) Grebe  (Mimi-kaitsuburi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:feb
    Podiceps a. auritus
    
    
57. Red-necked Grebe  (Akaeri-kaitsuburi)  ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,nov
    Podiceps grisegena holboellii  (same subspecies as in North America) 
    
    
58. Great Crested Grebe  (Kanmuri-kaitsuburi)  ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,nov
    Podiceps c. cristatus
    
    
59. Oriental Stork  (Konotori)  (t2) (JPr)  ______  KY:jan,feb
    Ciconia boyciana
    
    
60. Eurasian Spoonbill  (Herasagi)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:jan  OK:feb,nov
    Platalea l. leucorodia
    
    
61. Black-faced Spoonbill  (Kurotsura-herasagi)  (t1) (JPr) (ph)  ______  HN:jan(rare)  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Platalea minor
    
    
62. Eurasian Bittern  (Sankano-goi)  _____  HN:jan  KY:jan
    Botaurus s. stellaris
    
    
63. Black-crowned Night-Heron  (Goi-sagi) ______ HN:jan,dec  KY:jna,nov,dec  OK:jan,nov
    Nycticorax n. nycticorax
    
    
64. Eastern Cattle Egret  (Ama-sagi) ______  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,dec  OK:jan,feb
    Bublucus ibis coromandus
    
    
65. Little Egret  (Ko-sagi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Egretta g. garzetta
    
    
66. Intermediate Egret  (Chu-sagi) ______ KY:jan,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov  
    Egretta i. intermedia
    
    
67. Great Egret  (Dai-sagi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Ardea a. alba
    
    
68. Grey Heron  (Ao-sagi)  (ph) ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Ardea cinerea jouyi
    
    
69. Striated Heron  (Sasa-goi)  (ph)  ______  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan,nov  OK:feb,nov
    Butorides striatus amurensis
    
    The Striated Heron was, at one time, considered conspecific with the Green Heron of North America. When so, it was called the Green-backed Heron.
    
    
70. Pacific (or Eastern) Reef-Heron   (Kuro-sagi) ______  KY:feb  AM:jan,dec  OK:jan,feb
    Egretta s. sacra
    
    
71. Cinnamon Bittern  (Ryukyu-yoshi-goi) ______ OK:jan,feb,nov
    Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
    
    
72. Yellow (or Chinese Little) Bittern  (Yoshi-goi)  ______  AM:nov  OK:nov
    Ixobrychus eurhythmus
    
    
73. Brown Booby  (Katsuodori)  (ph)  ______  KY:jan  AM:nov  
    Sula leucogaster plotus
    
    
74. Great Cormorant  (Kawa-u)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan
    Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae
    
    
75. Temminck's (or Japanese) Cormorant  (Umi-u)  (JPneb)  ______  HN(p):jan,feb,nov  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb  NS:jan
    Phalacrocorax capillatus
    
    
76. Pelagic Shag (or Cormorant)  (Hime-u)  ______  HN(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Phalacrocorax p. pelagicus
    
    
77. Red-faced Shag (or Cormorant)  (Chishima-ugarasu)  (JPr)  ______  HK:jan
    Phalacrocorax urile
    
    
78. Osprey  (Misago)  (ph)   ______  HN:jan  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb  NS:jan
    Pandion h. haliaetus
     
    
79. Black (-eared) Kite  (Tobi) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan
    Milvus (migrans) lineatus
    
    The Black-eared Kite has been part of the Black Kite of western Europe & Africa.
    
    
80. White-tailed Eagle  (Ojiro-washi)  (nt) (ph)  ______ HN:jan  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Haliaeetus a. albicilla
    
    Another name for the White-tailed Eagle has been White-tailed Fish Eagle.  
    
    
81. Steller's Sea Eagle  (O-washi)  (t3) (ph)  ______  HN:jan(rare)  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Haliaeetus p. pelagicus
    
    The Steller's Sea Eagle has also been called Steller's Fish Eagle.
    A morph, at one time called H. p. niger, all-black except for the white tail, in Korea & adjacent Siberia, may now be extinct.  
    
    
82. Eastern Marsh Harrier  (Chuhi) ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan
    Circus spilonotus
    
    The Eastern Marsh Harrier has been considered by some as conspecific with the Western Marsh Harrier of Europe, and was then called the Northern Marsh Harrier.
    
    
83. Hen Harrier  (Haiiro-chuhi) ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,nov  KY:jan
    Circus cyaneus
    
    The Hen Harrier has been considered conspecific with the Northern Harrier of North America, Circus hudsonius.
     
    
84. Northern Goshawk   (O-taka) ______ HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,dec  OK:jan
    Accipiter gentilis fujiyamae
    
    
85. Eurasian Sparrowhawk   (Hai-taka) ______  HN:jan,nov,dec  HK:jan,nov  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:jan  OK:jan
    Accipiter nisus nisosimilis
    
    
86. Japanese Sparrowhawk  (Tsumi) ______  AM:jan,feb,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Accipiter gularis
    
    
87. Eastern Buzzard  (Nosuri) ______ HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,dec
    Buteo japonicus
    
    The Eastern Buzzard has been part of the Common Buzzard, Buteo buteo.
     
    
88. Rough-legged Buzzard  (Kaeshi-nosuri)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Buteo lagopus menzbieri
    
    The Rough-legged Buzzard is called Rough-legged Hawk in the New World. 
    
    
89. Grey-faced Buzzard  (Sashiba)  ______  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec
    Butastur indicus
    
    
90. Greater Spotted Eagle  (Karafuto-washi)  (JPr)  ______  KY:jan
    Aquila clanga 
    
    
91. Mountain Hawk-Eagle  (Kuma-taka)  ______  HN:jan  HK:dec  KY:jan,feb,dec
    Spizaetus nipalensis orientalis  (this subspecies in Japan is rather distinct from populations of mainland Asia)
     
    
92. Eurasian Kestrel   (Chogenbo) ______  HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:jan  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Falco tinnunculus interstinctus
    
    
93. Merlin  (Ko-chogenbo)  (ph)  ______  HN:feb  HK:jan  KY:jan
    Falco columbarius pacificus
    
    
94. Northern Hobby   (Chigo-hayabusa)  ______  HN:jan  KY:jan  AM:jan
    Falco s. subbuteo
    
    
95. Peregrine Falcon   (Hayabusa)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb,dec  HK:feb  KY:jan,feb,nov  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Falco peregrinus japonensis
    
    
96. Gyrfalcon  (Shiro-hayabusa)  ______  HN(po):jan  HK:jan,feb
    Falco rusticolus
    
    
97. Swinhoe's (or Asian Yellow) Rail  (Shima-kuina)  ______  AM:dec
    Coturnicops exquisitus
    
    
98. Eastern Water Rail  (Kuina)  ______  KY:jan
    Rallus indicus
    
    
99. Okinawa Rail  (Yambaru-kuina)  (t2) (JPe) (ph)  ______  OK:jan,feb,nov
    Gallirallus okinawae
    
    
100. Ruddy-breasted Crake   (Hi-kuina) ______ HN:jan  KY:jan,nov  OK:jan
     Porzana fusca
     
     
101. Baillon's Crake  (Hime-kuina)  ______  AM:jan,nov  OK:jan
     Porzana p. pusilla
     
     
102. White-breasted Waterhen  (Shirohara-kuina)  ______ AM:jan  OK:jan,feb.nov
     Amaurornis phoenicurus
     
     
103. Common Moorhen  (Ban)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Gallinula c. chloropus 
     
     
104. Eurasian Coot   (O-ban) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:jan,nov)
     Fulica a. atra
     
     
105. Common Crane  (Kuro-zuru)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Grus grus lilfordi
     
     
106. Hooded Crane  (Nabe-zuru)  (t3) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Grus monarchus
     
     
107. Sandhill Crane  (Kanada-zuru)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Grus c, canadensis
     
     
108. White-naped Crane  (Mana-zuru)  (t3) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Grus vipio
     
     
109. Red-crowned (or Japanese) Crane  (Tancho)  (t2) (ph)  ______  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Grus japonensis
     
     
110. Siberian Crane  (Sodeguro-zuru)  (t1) (JPr) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,feb
     Grus leucogeranus
     
     
111. Demoiselle Crane  (Aneha-zuru)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,feb
     Grus (formerly Anthropoides) virgo
     
     
112. Pheasant-tailed Jacana  (Renkaku)  (JPr)  ______  OK:nov
     Hydrophasianus chinurgus
     
     
113. Greater Painted-Snipe   (Tama-shigi) ______  KY:jan  OK:jan,feb
     Rostratula b. benghalensis
     
     
114. Eurasian Oystercatcher (JPr)   (Miyakodori) ______ KY:jan
     Haematopus ostralegus osculans 
     
     
115. Black-winged Stilt   (Seitaka-shigi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,dec  KY:jan  OK:jan
     Himantopus h. himantopus
     
     
116. Pied Avocet  (Sorihashi-seitaka-shigi)  (JPr)  ______  KY:jan  OK:jan
     Recurvirostra avosetta
     
     
117. Long-billed Plover   (Ikaru-chidori)  (nt) ______ HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan
     Charadrius placidus
     
     
118. Little Ringed Plover   (Ko-chidori) ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,nov,dec  AM:jan,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Charadrius d. dubius 
     
     
119. Common Ringed Plover   (Hajiro-ko-chidori)  ______ HN:jan,dec  KY:jan  AM:dec
     Charadrius hiaticula tundrae
     
     
120. Kentish Plover  (Shiro-chidori) ______ HN:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Charadrius alexandrinus dealbatus
     
     The Kentish Plover was considered conspecific with the Snowy Plover of North America & South America.
      
     
121. Lesser Sandplover  (or Mongolian Plover)  (Medai-chidori) ______ AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Charadrius mongolus stegmanni   
     
     
122. Greater Sandplover (JPr)   (O-medai-chidori) ______ AM:jan
     Charadrius l. leschenaultii
     
     
123. Pacific Golden Plover   (Munaguro) ______ HN:jan  KY:jan  AM:jan,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Pluvialis fulva
     
     
124. Grey (or Black-bellied) Plover   (Daizen) ______ HN:jan,dec  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Pluvialis s. squatarola
     
     
125. Grey-headed Lapwing  (Keri)  (nt)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov  KY:dec  OK:feb
     Vanellus cinereus
     
     
126. Northern Lapwing  (Tageri)  ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan  OK:jan
     Vanellus vanellus
     
     
127. Temminck's Stint  (Ojiro-tonen)  ______  KY:jan,nov,dec  OK:feb
     Calidris temminckii
     
     
128. Red-necked Stint  (Tonen) _______  HN:dec  KY:jan  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Calidris ruficollis 
     
     
129. Long-toed Stint  (Hibari-shigi)   ______  )OK:jan,feb
     Calidris subminuta
     
     
130. Dunlin   (Hama-shigi) ______ HN:jan,dec  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Calidris alpina sakhalina
     
     
131. Sanderling   (Miyubi-shigi) ______ HN:jan,dec  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan,nov
     Calidris a. alba
     
     
132. Ruddy Turnstone   (Kyojo-shigi)  ______  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Arenaria i. interpres  
     
     
133. Ruff / Reeve  (Erimaki-shigi)  (ph)  ______  KY:jan  OK:jan,nov
     Philomachus pugnax 
     
     
134. Eurasian Woodcock  (Yama-shigi)  ______  HN:jan  AM:dec  OK:jan,nov 
     Scolopax rusticola
     
     
135. Amami Woodcock  (Amami-yama-shigi)  (t3) (JPe) (ph)  ______  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Scolopax mira
     
     
136. Common Snipe  (Ta-shigi) ______ HN:jan  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Gallinago gallinago 
     
     The Common Snipe was conspecific with the Wilson's Snipe of North America, Gallinago delicata.
     
     
137. Solitary Snipe  (Ao-shigi)  ______  HN:jan
     Gallinago solitaria japonica
     
     
138. Pin-tailed Snipe  (Hario-shigi)  (JPr)  ______  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Gallinago stenura
     
     
139. Swinhoe's Snipe  (Chuji-shigi)  (JPr)  ______  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Gallinago megola
     
     
140. Common Redshank  (Akaashi-shigi) ______  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Tringa totanus eurhinus
     
     
141. Common Greenshank  (Aoashi-shigi) ______  HN:jan  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Tringa nebularia
     
     
142. Marsh Sandpiper  (Ko-aoashi-shigi) ______  OK:jan,nov 
     Tringa stagnatilis
     
     
143. Green Sandpiper  (Kusa-shigi) ______  KY:jan,nov,dec  AM:jan,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Tringa ochropus
     
     
144. Wood Sandpiper  (Takabu-shigi) ______  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Tringa glareola
     
     
145. Grey-tailed (or Polynesian) Tattler  (Kiashi-shigi) ______  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov  NS:jan
     Heteroscelus brevipes
     
     
146. Common Sandpiper  (Iso-shigi) ______ HN:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Actitis hypoleucos
     
     
147. Bar-tailed Godwit  (O-sorihashi-shigi) ______  OK:jan,feb
     Limosa lapponica baueri   
     
     
148. Eurasian Curlew  (Daishaku-shigi) ______ HN:dec  KY:jan  AM:jan  OK:jan,feb
     Numenius arquata orientalis
     
     
149. Eastern Curlew  (Horoku-shigi)  (nt) ______ OK:jan,feb
     Numenius madagascariensis  
     
     
150. "Eurasian" Whimbrel   (Chushaku-shigi) ______  OK:jan,nov
     Numenius phaeopus variegatus
     
     
151. Red-necked Phalarope   (Akaeri-hireashi-shigi)  ______ HN(po):jan,nov
     Phalaropus lobatus
     
     
152. Pomarine Jaeger (or Pomarine Skua)   (Tozokukamome) ______ HN(po):jan,nov,dec
     Stercorarius pomarinus
     
     
153. Great Black-headed (or Pallas's) Gull  (O-zuguro-kamome)  (JPr)  ______    KY:jan
     Ichthyaetus (formerly Larus) ichthyaetus
     
     
154. Saunder's Gull  (Zuguro-kamome)  (t3)  ______  KY:jan,feb  AM:jan,nov  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Saundersilarus (formerly Larus) saundersi
     
     
155. Black-headed Gull  (Yuri-kamome)  (ph) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb.dec  AM:nov  OK:jan,feb
     Chroicocephalus (formerly Larus) ridibundus 
     
     
156. Black-tailed (or Japanese) Gull  (Umineko)  (JPneb) (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,dec  AM:jan,feb  OK:jan,feb  NS:jan
     Larus crassirostris 
     
     
157. "Kamchatka Gull  (Kamome) ______ HN(p):jan,feb,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb
     Larus canus kamtschatschensis
     
     The "Kamchatka Gull" is part of the Common Gull of Eurasia, that's called the Mew Gull in North America. 
     
     
158. Vega Gull  (Seguro-kamome)  (ph)  ______ HN(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  HK(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan
     Larus (argentatus) vegae
     
     The Vega Gull is considered by some distinct from the Herring Gull of Europe, Larus argentatus, and from the "American" Herring Gull, Larus a, smithsonianus.
      
     
159. "Heuglin's" Lesser Black-backed Gull  ______  KY:feb,dec
     Larus fuscus heuglini
     
     
160. "Mongolian" Yellow-legged Gull   ______  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Larus cachinnans mongolicus
     
     The "Mongolian" Yellow-legged Gull is part of the "Caspian", or "Pontic" Gull, of the Yellow-legged Gull, previously part of the Herring Gull.   
     
     
161. Thayer's Gull  (Kanada-kamome)  ______  HN:feb  HK:nov
     Larus thayeri
     
     
162. Slaty-backed Gull   (O-seguro-kamome)  (ph) ______ HN(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  HK(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,dec
     Larus schistisagus
     
     
163. Glaucous Gull   (Shiro-kamome)  (ph)  ______  HN(p):jan,feb,dec  HK(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan
     Larus hyperboreus pallidissimus
     
     
164. Glaucous-winged Gull   (Washi-kamome) ______ HN(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov
     Larus glaucescens 
     
     
165. Iceland Gull  (Aisurando-kamome)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HK:jan
     Larus glaucoides kumlieni 
     
     
166. Ross's Gull  (Hime-kubiwa-kamome)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HN:dec
     Rhodostethia rosea
     
     
167. Black-legged Kittiwake   (Mitsuyubi-kamome)  (ph) ______ HNp:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,nov  
     Rissa tridactyla pollicaris
     
     
168. Gull-billed Tern  (Hashibuto-ajisashi)  ______  OK:nov 
     Gelochelidon (formerly Sterna) n. nilotica 
     
     
169. Whiskered Tern   (Kurohara-ajisashi)  ______  OK:jan,nov
     Chlidonias hybridus javanica
     
     
170. Common Murre (or Guillemot)   (Umigarasu)  (ph)  ______  HN(po):jan,feb,dec  HK(p):jan,feb
     Uria aalge inornata
     
     
171. Thick-billed Murre  (Hashibuto-umigarasu)  (ph)  ______  HN(po):jan  HK(p):jan,feb
     Uria lomvia arra
      
     
172. Spectacled (or Sooty) Guillemot   (Keimafuri)  ______ HN(po):jan  HK:jan,feb,nov
     Cepphus carbo
     
     
173. Pigeon Guillemot  (Umibato)  ______  HN(po):jan,dec  HK:jan
     Cepphus columba snowi
     
     
174. Long-billed Murrelet  (Madara-umisuzume)  ______  HN(po):jan  HK:feb
     Brachyramphus perdix
     
     
175. Ancient Murrelet (or Ancient Auk)   (Unisuzume: this translates to "sea sparrow")  ______ HN(p):jan,feb,dec  HK(p):jan,feb,nov  KY:feb
     Synthliboramphus a. antiquus
     
     
176. Japanese Murrelet  (Kanmuri-umisuzume)  (t3) (JPe) (ph)  ______ HN(po):dec  KY:dec
     Synthliboramphus wumizusume
     
     
177. Crested Auklet   (Etorofu-umisuzume) ______ HN(po):jan  HK(po):jan
     Aethia cristatella
     
     
178. Least Auklet  (Ko-umisuzume)  (ph)  ______  HN(po):jan,feb  HK(p):jan,feb
     Aethia pusilla
     
     
179. Rhinoceros Auklet   (Utou) ______ HN(po):jan,nov  
     Cerorhinca monocerata
     
     
180. Tufted Puffin  (Etopirika)  (JPr)  ______  HN(po):jan  HK(po):jan
     Fratercula (formerly Lunda) cirrhata
     
     
181. Feral Pigeon (or Rock Pigeon)  (Dobato)  (JPi)  ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Columba livia
     
     
182. Oriental Turtle Dove   (Kiji-bato) ______ HN(p):jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov  NS:jan
     Streotopelia orientalis 
     
     
183. White-bellied Green Pigeon  (Ao-bato)  (nt)  ______ KY:feb  OK:jan
     Treron (formerly Sphenurus) s. sieboldii
     
     
184. Ryukyu Green Pigeon  (Zuaka-ao-bato)  (nt) (ph) ______  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb  NS:jan
     Treron (formerly Sphenurus) riukiuensis 
     
     The Ryukyu Green Pigeon was known as the Whistling Green Pigeon when it was conspecific with the Taiwan Green Pigeon, Treron formosae.
     It has also rather inappropriately been called the Red-capped Green Pigeon. 
     
     
185. Black Wood Pigeon  (Karasu-bato)  (nt) (JPneb)  ______  AM:jan,feb  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Columba janthina
     
     
186. Blakiston's Fish Owl  (Shima-fukuro)  (t2) (ph)  ______  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Bubo b. blakistoni  (now genus Bubo rather than Ketupa)
     
     
187. Japanese Scops Owl   (O-konoha-zuku) ______  HK:jan  OK:jan
     Otus semitorques pryeri 
     
     The Japanese Scops Owl has been considered by some as part of the Collared Scops Owl of mainland Asia, Otus lettia, 
     
     
188. Oriental Scops Owl  (Konoha-zuku) ______  AM:dec
     Otus sunia japonicus
     
     The Oriental Scops Owl was, at one time, treated as a subspecies of the Common Scops Owl, Otus scops.
     
     
189. Ryukyu (or Elegant) Scops Owl  (Ryukyu-konoha-zuku)  (nt)  ______  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Otus e. elegans (other subspecies are on islands off Taiwan and the Philippines)
     
     The Elegant, or Ryukyu, Scops Owl was until recently considered part of the Celebes, or Sulawesi, Scops Owl of southeast Asian islands, Otus manadensis.
     Prior to that, it was considered part of the Oriental Scops Owl, and, at one time, treated as a subspecies of the Common Scops Owl, Otus scops.
     
     
190. Brown (or Oriental) Hawk-Owl   (Aoba-zuku) ______  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,nov
     Ninox scutulata japonica
     
     
191. Ural Owl  (Fukuro)  (ph)   ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan
     Strix uralensis hondoensis
     
     
192. Northern Long-eared Owl   (Torafu-zuku)  (ph)  ______  AM:jan,feb
     Asio o. otus
     
     
193. Short-eared Owl  (Komini-zuku)  (ph)  ______  HN(p):jan,nov  HK:jan
     Asio f. flammeus
     
     
194. House Swift  (Hime-amatsubame)  ______  KY:jan,nov  AM:dec
     Apus affinus
     
     
195. Common Kingfisher  (Kawasemi)  (ph) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Alcedo atthis bengalensis
     
     
196. Crested Kingfisher   (Yamasemi) ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Ceryle lugubris
     Ceryle l. pallida (on Hokkaido)
     Ceryle l. lugubris (on Honshu & Kyushu)
     
     
197. Japanese Green Woodpecker   (Ao-gera)  (ph) ______ HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,nov
     Picus a. awokera
     
     
198. Grey-headed Woodpecker   (Yama-gera) ______ HK:jan,nov
     Picus canus jessoensis 
     
     
199. Black Woodpecker   (Kuma-gera)  (ph)  ______ HK:jan,feb
     Dryocopus m. martius
     
     
200. Okinawa (or Pryer's) Woodpecker  (Noguchi-gera)  (t1) (JPe) (ph) ______  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Dendrocopos (formerly Sapheopipo) noguchii
     
     
201. Amami (or "Owston's") Woodpecker  (Amami-O-aka-gera)  (JPe)  ______  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Dendrocopos (formerly Picoides) (leucotos) owstoni 
     
     The Amami (or "Owston's") Woodpecker, endemic to Amami Island, has been considered a race of the White-backed Woodpecker - the largest and darkest race of that wide-ranging species across the Palearctic.
     So distinctive is the bird on Amami, however, that it may be a full species.   
     
     
202. White-backed Woodpecker   (O-aka-gera) ______  HK:jan  
     Dendrocopos (formerly Picoides) leucotos subcirrus
     
     
203. Great Spotted Woodpecker   (Aka-gera)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:dec
     Dendrocopos (formerly Picoides) major japonicus
     
     
204. Lesser Spotted Woodpecker  (Ko-aka-gera)  ______  HK:jan,nov
     Dryobates (formerly Dendrocopos), prior to that Picoides) minor amurensis
     
     
205. Japanese Pygmy Woodpecker  (Ko-gera)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Yungipicus (formerly Dendrocopos; prior to that Picoides) kizuki
     Yungipicus k. ijimae (on Hokkaido)
     Yungipicus k. seebohmi (on Honshu)
     Yungipicus k. kizuki (on Kyushu & Okinawa)
     
     
206. Ryukyu Minivet  (Ryukyu-sanshokui)  (JPe) (ph)  ______  KY:jan  AM:jan,feb,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Pericrocotus tegimae
     
     The Ryukyu Minivet was considered conspecific with the Ashy Minivet, Pericrocotus divaricatus.
      
     
207. Bull-headed Shrike  (Mozu)  ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:feb,dec
     Lanius b. bucephalus
     
     
208. Brown Shrike  (Aka-mozu)  (JPrw)  ______  OK:jan
     Lanius cristatus lucionensis
     
     
209. Long-tailed (or Rufous-backed) Shrike  (Takaago-mozu)  (JPr)  ______  KY:jan
     Lanius s. schach
     
     
210. Great Grey Shrike  (O-mozu)  (ph)  ______  HK:jan
     Lanius excubitor bianchii
     
     
211. Eurasian Jay   (Kakesu) ______ HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Garrulus glandarius
     Garrulus g. brandtii (on Hokkaido)
     Garrulus g. japonicus (on Honshu & Kyushu)
     
     
212. Lidth's Jay  (Ruri-kakesu)  (t3) (JPe) (ph)  ______ AM:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Garrulus lidthi
     
     
213. Azure-winged Magpie   (Onaga) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Cyanopica cyana japonica
     
     
214. Eurasian Magpie  (Kasasagi)  (JAi)  ______  HK;feb  KY:jan
     Pica pica sericea
     
     
215. Daurian Jackdaw  (Kokumaru-garasu)  ______  HN:jan  KY:jan,feb,nov
     Coloeus (formerly Corvus) dauuricus  
     
     
216. Rook  (Miyama-garasu)  ______  HN:jan  HK:jan  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:dec
     Corvus frugilegus pastinator
     
     
217. Carrion Crow   (Hashiboso-garasu) ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Corvus corone orientalis 
     
     
218. Large-billed Crow  (Hashibuto-garasu) ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Corvus macrorhynchos
     Corvus m.japonensis (on Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu)
     Corvus m. connectens (on Amami & Okinawa) 
     
     The Large-billed Crow was considered conspecific with the Jungle Crow of southern Asia, Corvus levaillantii.
     
     
219. Northern Raven  (Watari-garasu)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HK:jan,feb,dec
     Corvus corax kamtschaticus
     
     
220. Marsh Tit   (Hashibuto-gara)  ______ HK:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Poecile (formerly Parus) palustris hensoni (in the Brevirostris group)
     
     
221. Willow Tit   (Ko-gara) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan,nov
     Poecile (formerly Parus) montanus restrictus (in the Kamtschatkenis group)
     
     
222. Varied Tit   (Yama-gara)  (JPneb)   ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Poecile (formerly Parus) varius
     Poecile v. varius (on Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu)
     Poecile v. amami (on Amami & Okinawa)
     
     
223. Coal Tit   (Hi-gara) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,nov,dec
     Periparus (formerly Parus) ater insularis (in the Ater group)
     
     
224. Eastern Great Tit   (Shiju-kara)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Parus minor
     Parus m. minor (on Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu)
     Parus m. amamiensis (on Amami)
     Parus m. okinawae (on Okinawa)
     (These 3 subspecies in the Minor group, also called "Grey Tit".) 
     
     The Eastern Great Tit was considered conspecific with the Northern Great Tit of western Eurasia, Parus major. 
     
     
225. Chinese Penduline Tit  (Tsurisu-gara)  ______  KY:jan,feb
     Remiz consobrinus
     
     The Chinese Penduline Tit was considered conspecific with other Penduline Tits across Eurasia - now 4 species. 
     
     
226. Bohemian Waxwing   (Ki-renjaku) ______  HK:jan  AM:jan
     Bombycilla garrulus centralasiae
     
     
227. Japanese Waxwing   (Hi-renjaku) _______  HN:jan  HK:jan  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan
     Bombycilla japonica
     
     
228. Barn Swallow   (Tsubame)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb,jul  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,dec  OK:jan,feb
     Hirundo rustica  (2 subspecies recorded in Japan, mostly Hirundo r. gutturalis, also Hirundo r. saturata)
     
     
229. Pacific Swallow   (Ryukyu-tsubame) ______ AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov  NS:jan
     Hirundo tahitica namiyae
     
     
230. Red-rumped Swallow   (Koshiaka-tsubame)  ______  KY:nov 
     Cecropis (formerly Hirundo) daurica japonica
     
     
231. Asian House Martin  (Iwa-tsubame) ______ KY:jan,feb,nov  AM:jan  OK:jan,feb
     Delichon dasypus
     
     The Asian House Martin was considered conspecific with the Northern House Martin of Europe, Delichon urbica.
     
     
232. Long-tailed Bushtit  (Enaga) ______  HN:jan,feb,nov  HK:jan,dec  KY:jan,nov,dec
     Aegithalos caudatus
     Aegithalos c. japonicus (on Hokkaido)
     Aegithalos c. trivirgatus (on Honshu)
     Aegithalos c. kiusiuensis (on Kyushu)
     (A.c. japonicus is in the Caudatus group with head & throat white, A.c.trivirgatus & kiusiuensis in the Europaeus group, with the head with dark lateral crown stripes)
     
     The Long-tailed Bushtit has been called Long-tailed Tit.
     
     
233. Eurasian Skylark  (Hibari)  ______ HN:jan,feb  HK:jan  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec 
     Alauda arvensis japonica 
     (2 other subspecies of the Common Skylark are in Japan in the winter, occurring into spring)
     
     
234. Brown-eared Bulbul   (Hiyodori)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Microscelis (formerly Hypsitpetes) amaurotis
     Microscelis a. hensoni (on Hokkaido, mostly in summer)
     Microscelis a. amaurotis (on Honshu & Kyushu)
     Microscelis a. ogawae (on Amami)
     Microscelis a. pryeri (on Okinawa)
     
     
235. Light-vented (or Chinese) Bulbul   (Shirogashira) ______ OK:jan,feb,nov
     Pycnonotus sinensis orii  
     
     
236. Zitting Cisticola  (Sekka) ______ KY:jan,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Cisticola juncidis brunniceps
     
     The Zittting Cisticola was called the Fan-tailed Warbler, but there's a species so-named in Mexico, totally unrelated. Also, now the cisticolas are not in the same family as the Old World Warblers. 
     
     
237. Goldcrest   (Kikuitadaki)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,nov,dec
     Regulus regulus japonensis 
     
     
238. Japanese Bush-Warbler   (Uguisu)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Cettia diphone
     Cettia d. cantans (breeds on Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu)
     Cettia d. riukiuensis (on Okinawa) 
     
     
239. Ijima's Leaf Warbler  (Ijima-mushikui)  (t3) (JAeb)  ______  AM:jan,feb,dec
     Phylloscopus ijimae 
     
     
240. Yellow-browed Warbler   (Kimayu-mushikui)  (ph)  ______  AM:jan,nov
     Phylloscopus inornatus 
     
     
241. Arctic Warbler   (Meboso-mushikui) ______  HN:jan  AM:nov,dec
     Phylloscopus b. borealis  (note: another subspecies, P. b. xanthodryas also occurs in Japan)  
     
     
242. Japanese White-eye  (Mejiro)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Zosterops japonica
     Zosterops j. japonica (on Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu)
     Zosterops j. loochooensis (on Amami & Okinawa) 
     
     
243. Eurasian Wren  (Misosazai) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,dec  KY:jan,nov
     Troglodytes (or Nannus) troglodytes fumigatus
     
     
244. Eurasian Nuthatch  (Goju-kara)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,nov
     Sitta europaea
     Sitta e. asiatica (on Hokkaido, a pale-breasted form)
     Sitta e. amurensis (on Honshu)
     Sitta e. roseilia (on Kyushu)
     
     
245. Eurasian Treecreeper  (Kivashiri)  ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,feb,nov
     Certhia familiaris
     
     
246. Common Starling  (Hoshi-mukudori)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  KY:jan,nov  OK:jan,feb
     Sturnus vulgaris poltaratskyi
     
     
247. White-cheeked (or Grey) Starling  (Mukudori) ______  HN;jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:dec  OK:jna,feb
     Sturnus cineraceus
     
     Another name for the White-cheeked, or Gray, Starling, has been Ashy Starling. 
     
     
248. White-shouldered Starling  (Kara-mukudori)  (JPr)  ______  KY:jan  OK:jan,feb
     Sturnus sinensis
     
     The White-shouldered Starling has been called the Gray-backed Starling, or Myna. 
     
     
249. Red-billed Starling  (Gin-mukudori)  (JPr)  ______  KY:jan  OK:feb
     Sturnus sericeus
     
     The Red-billed Starling has also been called the Silky Starling.
     
     
250. Crested Myna  (Hakkacho)  (JPi)  ______  HN:jan
     Acridotheres cristatellus
     
     
251. Blue Rock Thrush (red-bellied form)   (Iso-hiyodori) ______ HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov  NS:jan
     Monticola solitarius philippensis  
     
     
252. White's (Ground) Thrush  (Tora-tsugumi) ______ KY:jan  AM:jan,dec)
     Zoothera aurea toratugumi
     
     The White's Ground Thrush was considered conspecific with the Scaly Ground Thrush of southeast Asia.  
     
     
253. Amami (Ground) Thrush  (O-tora-tsugumi)  (t1) (JPe)  ______  AM:jan,npv,dec
     Zoothera major  
     
     
254. Brown-headed Thrush  (Akahara)  (JPneb) ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan
     Turdus c. chrysolaus  (another more-northerly subspecies, T.c. orii, winters) 
     
     The Brown-headed Thrush has been called the Brown Thrush.
     
     
255. Pale Thrush  (Shirohara)  ______ HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Turdus pallidus
     
     
256. Eye-browed (or Grey-headed) Thrush   (Mamichajinal) ______  KY:nov
     Turdus obscurus
     
     
257. Dusky Thrush  (Tsugumi)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov)
     Turdus eunomus 
     
     
258. Naumann's Thrush  (Tsugumi)  (JPr) (ph)  ______  HN:jan  AM:feb
     Turdus naumanni
     
     The Naumann's Thrush was considered conspecific with the Dusky Thrush.
      
     
259. Japanese (Grey) Thrush  (Kuro-tsugumi) ______ AM:dec)
     Turdus cardis
     
     The Japanese Thrush has been called Grey Thrush, but there's another species with that name in Africa.
     The name Japanese Thrush notwithstanding, the species is not endemic to Japan, occurring also in China & Korea.
     
     
260. Ryukyu Robin  (Akahige)  (nt) (ph)  ______ AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Erithacus komadori
     Erithacus k. komadori (on Amami)
     Erithacus k. namiyei (on Okinawa)
     
     
261. Siberian Rubythroat   (No-goma)  (ph)  ______  AM:jan
     Luscinia calliope camtschatkensis
     
     
262. Bluethroat  (Ogawa-komadori)  (ph)   ______  AM:jan
     Luscinia svecica
     
     
263. Red-flanked Bluetail  (Ruri-bitaki)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan,dec  OK:jan
     Luscinia (formerly Tarsiger) c. cyanurus 
     
     What was the Himalayan population of the Red-flanked Bluetail, the Orange-flanked Bush Robin, is no longer included in Luscinia cyanurus.
      
     
264. Daurian Redstart  (Jo-bitaki)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov  HK:jan,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Phoenicurus a. auroreus
     
     
265. Desert Wheatear  (Sabaku-hitaki)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan
     Oenanthe d. deserti
     
     
266. Mugimaki Flycatcher  (Mugimaki)  (JPr)  ______ KY:jan 
     Ficedula mugimaki
     
     
267. Ryukyu Flycatcher  (Ryukyu-Ki-bitaki)  (t2) (JPe)  ______ AM:jan,nov  OK:jan,feb
     Ficedula owstoni
     
     The Ryukyu Flycatcher was considered as part of the Narcissus Flycatcher.  
     
     
268. Brown (or Pallas's) Dipper  (Kawagarasu) ______ HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Cinclus pallasii pallasii 
     
     
269. Russet (or Cinnamon) Sparrow  (Nyunai-suzume)  ______ KY:jan,dec
     Passer r. rutilans 
     
     
270. Eurasian Tree Sparrow  (Suzume)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Passer montanus saturatus
     
     
271. Scaly-breasted (or Spotted) Munia  (Amihara)  (JPi)  ______ OK:jan,feb,nov
     Lonchura punctulata
     
     
272. Japanese Accentor   (Kayakuguri) ______  HN:jan,feb
     Prunella rubida fervida
     
     
273. Olive-backed Pipit   (Binzui)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,dec
     Anthus h. hodgsoni  (another subspecies, Anthus h. yunnanensis, also occurs in Japan)
     
     The Olive-backed Pipit has been called Indian Tree Pipit.
     
     
274. Red-throated Pipit   (Muneaka-tahibari)   ______  KY:nov  AM:jan
     Anthus c. cervinus
     
     
275. "Siberian" Buff-bellied  (Tahibari) ______ HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb  OK:jan
     Anthus (rubescens) japonicus 
     
     The "Siberian Buff-bellied Pipit", Anthus rubescens japonicus, was part of the Water Pipit of Eurasia, but now it is considered conspecific with the Buff-bellied, or American, Pipit of North America, or possibly it is a distinct species.
      
     
276. Grey Wagtail   (Ki-sekirei) ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Motacilla cinerea robusta
     
     
277. White Wagtail  (Hojiro / Haku-sekirei)  (ph) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan,feb,nov
     Motacilla alba lugens  (throughout Japan: the ""Black-backed Wagtail")    
     Motacilla alba leucopsis  (on Kyushu & Okinawa) 
     
     
278. Japanese Wagtail   (Seguro-sekirei) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov  HK:jan,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  OK:jan
     Motacilla grandis
     
     
279. Brambling  (Atori)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan  HK:jan  KY:jan,nov
     Fringilla montifringilla
     
     
280. Grey-capped Greenfinch   (Kawara-hiwa)  ______ HN:jan,feb,nov  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Chloris (formerly Carduelis) sinica minor  (subspecies that breeds in Japan, C. s. kawarahiba also occurs in the winter) 
     
     Another name for the Oriental Greenfinch has been the Gray-capped Greenfinch. 
     
     
281. Eurasian Siskin   (Ma-hiwa)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan,nov  AM:jan,dec  OK:jan
     Spinus (formerly Carduelis) spinus
     
     
282. Common Redpoll  (Beni-hiwa)  (ph)  ______  HK:jan,nov
     Acanthis (formerly Carduelis) f. flammea
     
     
283. Red Crossbill  (Isuka)  (ph)  ______  KY:jan
     Loxia curvirostra japonica
     
     
284. Asian Rosy Finch   (Hagi-mashiko)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan  HK:jan,feb,nov
     Leucosticte arctoa brunneonucha
     
     
285. Long-tailed Rosefinch   (Beni-mashiko)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:dec  KY:jan
     Uragus sibiricus sanguinolentus 
     
     
286. Pallas's (or Siberian) Rosefinch  (O-mashiko)  (JPr) (ph) ______  HN:jan,feb,apr
     Carpodacus roseus  
     
     
287. Eurasian Bullfinch   (Uso) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,feb  KY:jan,nov
     Pyrrhula pyrrhula rosacea  (on Hokkaido, with pink flush on upper breast)
     Pyrrhula pyrrhula griseiventris  (on Hokkaido, Hinshu & Kyushu, has been called "Grey-bellied Bullfinch", with pink only on cheeks)
     
     
288. Japanese Grosbeak   (Ikaru)  ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan  KY:jan,nov
     Eophona p. personata
     
     
289. Hawfinch  (Shime) ______ HN:jan,feb,nov  HK:jan,feb,dec  KY:jan
     Caccothraustes caccothraustes japonicus
     
     
290. Snow Bunting  (Yuki-hojiro)  (ph)  ______  HK:jan
     Calcarius (formerly Plectrophenax) nivalis viasowae
     
     
291. Lapland Bunting (or Longspur)  (Tsumenaga-hojiro)  (ph)  ______  HK:jan
     Calcarius lapponicus kamtschaticus 
     
     
292. Grey Bunting  (Kuroji)  (JP:neb)  ______  HN:jan,feb,nov,dec  KY:jan,feb  AM:dec  OK:feb
     Emberiza v. variabilis
     
     
293. Black-faced Bunting   (Aoji)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan,feb,nov  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Emberiza spodocephala personata  (breeds throughout Japan, the "Masked Bunting")
     Emberiza s. spodocephala  (breeds on mainland Asia, winters in Nansei Shoto) 
     
     
294. Meadow Bunting   (Hijiro) ______  HN:jan,feb  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Emberiza cioides ciopsis  (subspecies endemic to Japan)
     
     
295. Rustic Bunting   (Kashiradaka) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:jan,dec  KY:jan,nov,dec
     Emberiza rustica latifascia
     
     
296. Eleganat Bunting   (Miyama-hojiro)  (ph)  ______  HN:jan  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec  AM:feb,dec
     Emberiza e. elegans 
     
     The Elegant Bunting has been called the Yellow-throated Bunting.
     
     
297. Chestnut-eared (or Grey-headed) Bunting  (Hoaka)  ______  KY:jan,feb,dec
     Emberiza fucata
     
      
298. Common Reed Bunting   (O-jurin) ______  HN:jan,feb  HK:dec  KY:jan,feb,nov,dec
     Emberiza schoeniclus pyrrhulina
     
     
299. Pallas's Reed Bunting  (Shiberia-jurin)  (JPr)  ______  KY:jan,feb,nov
     Emberiza pallasi minor
     
     
300. Japanese Reed Bunting  (Ko-jurin)  (ph)  ______ HN:jan
     Emberiza y. yessoensis
     
     The Japanese Reed Bunting has also been called the Ochre-rumped Bunting, although other buntings also have ochre rumps.
     
     
301. Red-billed Leiothrix (JPi)   (Soushicho) ______ KY:jan 
     Leiothrix lutea
     
     
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