Birds & Mammals
that can be found during 
FONT Birding & Nature Tours in
Newfoundland, Canada

During the Summer in July

 

List compiled by Armas Hill



Codes:

c: common
u: uncommon, or local
r:
rare
vr:
very rare
v: a vagrant 

b: breeds
ir: irruptive, more common some years than others
yr: occurs year-round

(t):          a globally threatened or rare species, designated by Birdlife International.
                  (t1): critical   (t2): endangered   (t3): vulnerable
(nt):        a near-threatened species globally.

(NFi):      introduced in Newfoundland 


Links:

Upcoming Newfoundland Tour Itineraries

 

 Birds:

  1. Red-throated Loon ______ u,b  (called Red-throated Diver in the Old World) 
    Gavia stellata  (monotypic)

  2. Common Loon ______ c,b  (called Great Northern Diver in the Old World)
    Gavia immer  (monotypic)

  3. Pied-billed Grebe ______ u
    Podilymbus podiceps

  4. Horned Grebe ______ (called Slavonian Grebe in the Old World) 
    Podiceps
    auritus

  5. Northern Fulmar ______ c
    Fulmarus glacialis

  6. Cory's Shearwater ______ r
    Calonectris diomedea

  7. Greater Shearwater______ c
    Puffinus gravis 

  8. Sooty Shearwater _____ c
    Puffinus griseus

  9. Manx Shearwater ______ u
    Puffinus puffinus

  10. Wilson's Storm-Petrel ______u
    Oceanites oceanicus

  11. Leach's Storm-Petrel ______ c,b
    Oceanodroma l. leucorhoa


  12. Northern Gannet ______ c,b
    Morus (formerly Sula) bassanus  (monotypic)

  13. American White Pelican ______ vr
    Pelecanus erythrorhynchos 


  14. Double-crested Cormorant ______ u,b
    Phalacrocorax a. auritus


  15. Great Cormorant ______ u,b
    Phalacrocorax c, carbo 

  16. American Bittern _____ u,b
    Botaurus lentiginosus 

  17. Least Bittern ______  r
    Ixobrychus exilis

  18. Great Blue Heron ______ u
    Ardea herodias

  19. Great Egret ______ r
    Ardea alba

  20. Snowy Egret ______ r
    Egretta thula

  21. Little Blue Heron ______ r
    Egretta caerulea

  22. Tricolored Heron ______ vr
    Egretta tricolor

  23. Cattle Egret ______ r
    Bubulcus ibis  (the single member of its genus)

  24. Green Heron______ vr  (was at one time considered conspecific with the nearly-cosmopolitan Striated Heron, and was then called Green-backed Heron
    Butorides virescens

  25. Black-crowned Night-Heron______ vr
    Nycticorax nycticorax 

  26. Yellow-crowned Night-Heron______ vr
    Nyctanassa violacea 
    (the single member of its genus)

  27. Glossy Ibis______ vr
    Plegadis falcinellus 

  28. Snow Goose ______ vr
    Chen (or Anser) caerulescens 

  29. Canada Goose ______ c,b
    Branta canadensis 

  30. Barnacle Goose ______ vr
    Branta leucopsis

  31. Wood Duck______ u
    Aix sponsa 


  32. American Wigeon______ u,b
    Anas americana 
    (monotypic)

  33. American Black Duck ______ c,b
    Anas rubripes  (monotypic)

  34. Mallard ______ u
    Anas p. platyrhynchos  (a different subspecies, A. p. conboschas, said to be in Greenland) 


  35. Blue-winged Teal ______ u,b
    Anas discors 
    (monotypic) 

  36. Northern Shoveler ______ r,b
    Anas clypeata 
    (monotypic)

  37. Northern Pintail ______ u,b
    Anas acuta  (monotypic)

  38. American Green-winged Teal ______ c,b  (considered distinct from the Eurasian Green-winged Teal, Anas crecca)
    Anas carolinensis

     
  39. Canvasback ______ vr
    Aythya valisineria

  40. Redhead ______ vr
    Aythya americana  (monotypic)

  41. Ring-necked Duck ______ c,b
    Aythya collaris

  42. Greater Scaup ______ u,b
    Aythya marila

  43. Common Eider ______ c,b
    Somateria mollissima

  44. Harlequin Duck ______ u,b
    Histrionicus histrionicus  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  45. Surf Scoter ______ u
    Melanitta perspicillata

  46. White-winged Scoter ______ u
    Melanitta fusca

  47. Black Scoter ______ u,b
    Melanitta nigra

  48. Long-tailed Duck ______ u  (has also been called Oldsquaw)
    Clangula hyemalis  (the single member of its genus)

  49. Common Goldeneye ______ c,b
    Bucephala clangula americana

  50. Hooded Merganser ______ r,b
    Lophodytes cucullatus  (the single member of its genus)

  51. Common Merganser ______ u,b
    Mergus merganser 

  52. Red-breasted Mergasner ______ c,b
    Mergus serrator

  53. Ruddy Duck ______ vr
    Oxyura jamaicensis

  54. Osprey______  c,b
    Pandion haliaetus carolinensis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  55. Bald Eagle ______ u,b
    Haliaeetus leucocephalus 

  56. Northern Harrier ______  u,b
    Circus 

  57. Sharp-shinned Hawk______ u,b
    Accipiter striatus 

  58. Northern Goshawk ______ u,b 
    Accipiter gentilis 

  59. Red-tailed Hawk______ r
    Buteo jamaicensis  


  60. Rough-legged Hawk______ u,b
    Buteo lagopus  

  61. Golden Eagle  ______ vr
    Aquila chrysaetos 

  62. American Kestrel______ u,b
    Falco sparverius  


  63. Merlin ______ u,b
    Falco columbarius

  64. Gyrfalcon ______ u,b
    Falco rusticolus
    (monotypic)

  65. Peregrine Falcon ______ u,b
    Falco peregrinus
     

  66. Ruffed Grouse (NFi) ______  c,b
    Bonasa umbellus

  67. Spruce Grouse (NFi)______ u,b
    Falcipennis canadensis 

  68. Willow Ptarmigan ______ c,b   
    Lagopus lagopus 
    (monotypic)

  69. Rock Ptarmigan ______  u,b
    Lagopus mutus 

  70. Virginia Rail ______ r,b
    Rallus limicola

  71. Sora  ______ u,b   
    Porzana carolina   

  72. American Coot______ u
    Fulica americana

  73. Sandhill Crane ______ vr   
    Grus canadensis 


  74. Black-bellied Plover______ (called Grey Plover in the Old World)
    Pluvialis squatarola cynosurae

  75. Eurasian Golden Plover ______ vr
    Pluvialis apricaria

  76. American Golden Plover ______ u
    Pluvialis dominica

  77. Semipalmated Plover______ c,b
    Charadrius semipalmatus 
    (monotypic)

  78. Piping Plover (tx) ______ u,b
    Charadrius melodus 

  79. Killdeer______ u,b
    Charadrius vociferus

  80. Black-necked Stilt ______ vr
    Himantopus mexicanus

  81. Common Greenshank ______ vr
    Tringa nebularia

  82. Greater Yellowlegs______ c,b
    Tringa melanoleuca 
    (monotypic)

  83. Lesser Yellowlegs______ u
    Tringa flavipes 
    (monotypic)

  84. Solitary Sandpiper______ r
    Tringa solitaria

  85. Willet ______ r,b
    Catoptrophorus semipalmatus

  86. Spotted Sandpiper______ c,b
    Actitis macularia 
    (monotypic)

  87. "American" Whimbrel ______ u
    Numenius phaeopus hudsonicus

     
  88. "Eurasian" Whimbrel ______ vr
    Numenius phaecopus

  89. Hudsonian Godwit ______ u
    Limosa haemastica

  90. Ruddy Turnstone ______ c
    Arenaria interpres morinella

  91. Red Knot ______ u
    Calidris canutus

  92. Sanderling ______ c
    Calidris alba rubida

  93. Semipalmated Sandpiper______ c
    Calidris pusilla 
    (monotypic)

  94. White-rumped Sandpiper______ c
    Calidris fuscicollis 
    (monotypic)

  95. Least Sandpiper______ c,b
    Calidris minutilla 
    (monotypic)

  96. Pectoral Sandpiper______ u
    Calidris melanotos 
    (monotypic)

  97. Purple Sandpiper ______ u
    Calidris maritima

  98. Dunlin ______ u
    Calidris alpina

  99. Curlew Sandpiper ______ r
    Calidris ferruginea

  100. Stilt Sandpiper ______ r
    Calidris (formerly Micropalama) himantopus

  101. Buff-breasted Sandpiper ______ r
    Tryngites subruficollis

  102. Ruff ______ r
    Philomachus pugnax  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  103. Short-billed Dowitcher______ u
    Limnodromus griseus  

  104. Wilson's Snipe ______ c,b
    Gallinago   alidris
    (formerly Micropalama) himantopus

  105. American Woodcock ______ r,b
    Scolopax minor

  106. Wilson's Phalarope ______ r
    Phalaropus tricolor

  107. Red-necked Phalarope ______ u
    Phalaropus lobatus

  108. Red Phalarope ______ u  (called Grey Phalarope in the Old World)
    Phalaropus fulicaria

  109. Great Skua ______ u
    Stercorarius (has been C) skua

  110. South Polar Skua ______ r
    Stercorarius (has been C) maccormicki

  111. Pomarine Jaeger ______ c
    Stercorarius pomarinus  (monotypic) 

  112. Parasitic Jaeger ______ c  (called Arctic Skua in the Old World)
    Stercorarius parasiticus  (monotypic)

  113. Long-tailed Jaeger ______ u
    Stercorarius longicaudus

  114. Laughing Gull______ r
    Larus atricilla 

  115. Franklin's Gull ______ r
    Larus pipixcan
      (monotypic)

  116. Little Gull ______ r
    Larus minutus

  117. Black-headed Gull ______ u
    Larus ridibundus

     
  118. Bonaparte's Gull ______ r
    Larus philadelphia

  119. Mew Gull ______ r  (called Common Gull in the Old World)
    Larus canus

     
  120. Ring-billed Gull ______ c,b
    Larus delawarensis

  121. "American" Herring Gull ______ c,b
    Larus (argentatus) 

  122. Thayer's Gull ______ r
    Larus thayeri

  123. Iceland Gull ______ u
    Larus glaucoides

  124. Lesser Black-backed Gull ______ r
    Larus fuscus graellsii

  125. Glaucous Gull ______ u
    Larus hyperboreus

  126. Great Black-backed Gull ______ c,b
    Larus marinus

  127. Sabine's Gull ______ r
    Xema sabini

  128. Black-legged Kittiwake ______ c,b
    Rissa tridactyla

  129. Ross' Gull ______ r
    Rhodostethia rosea  (the single member of its genus) 

  130. Caspian Tern______ u,b
    Sterna caspia 
    (monotypic)

  131. Royal Tern ______ vr
    Sterna m. maxima

  132. Sandwich Tern ______ vr
    Sterna sandvicensis

  133. Common Tern ______ c,b
    Sterna hirundo

  134. Arctic Tern ______ c,b
    Sterna paradisaea

  135. Least Tern ______ vr
    Sterna antillarum

  136. Black Tern ______ r
    Chlidonias niger

  137. Dovekie ______ u  (called Little Auk in the Old World)
    Alle alle

     
  138. Common Murre ______ c,b  (called Guillemot in the Old World)
    Uria aalge

  139. Thick-billed Murre ______ c,b  (called Brunnich's Guillemot in the Old World)
    Uria lomvia

  140. Razorbill ______ u,b
    Alca torda

  141. Black Guillemot ______ c,b
    Cepphus grylle

  142. Atlantic Puffin ______ c,b
    Fratercula corniculata

  143. Feral (or Rock) Pigeon (NFi)______ u,b
    Columba livia

  144. Mourning Dove______ u
    Zenaida macroura 

  145. Black-billed Cuckoo ______ r
    Coccyzus erythropthalmus

  146. Yellow-billed Cuckoo______ r
    Coccyzus americanus 
    (now monotypic)

  147. Great Horned Owl______ u,b
    Bubo virginianus
     

  148. Snowy Owl ______ u,ir 
    (formerly Nyctea) scandiaca

  149. Northern Hawk-Owl ______ u,b 
    Surnia ulula 

  150. Short-eared Owl ______ u,b 
    Asio flammeus

  151. Boreal Owl  ______ u,b 
    Aegolius funereus  

  152. Northern Saw-whet Owl______
    Aegolius acadicus 

  153. Common Nighthawk______ r
    Chordeiles minor 
     

  154. Chimney Swift______ r
    Chaetura pelagica

  155. Ruby-throated Hummingbird______ r,b
    Archilochus colubris 
    (monotypic)

  156. Rufous Hummingbird______ vr
    Selasphorus rufus

  157. Belted Kingfisher______ c,b
    Megaceryle
    (formerly Ceryle) alcyon  (monotypic)

  158. Lewis's Woodpecker ______ vr
    Melanerpes lewis

  159. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker______ u,b
    Sphyrapicus varius 
    (monotypic)

  160. Downy Woodpecker______ c,b
    Picoides pubescens 

  161. Hairy Woodpecker______ c,b
    Picoides villosus 

  162. American Three-toed Woodpecker ______ u,b
    Picoides tridactylus


  163. Black-backed Woodpecker ______ u,b
    Picoides tridactylus

  164. Northern Flicker ______ c,b
    Colaptes chrysoides

  165. Eastern Kingbird______ u,b
    Tyrannus tyrannus 
    (monotypic)

  166. Western Kingbird______ vr
    Tyrannus verticlis 
    (monotypic)

  167. Great Crested Flycatcher______ r
    Myiarchus crinitus 
    (monotypic)

  168. Eastern Phoebe ______ r
    Myiarchus nuttingi flavidior

  169. Olive-sided Flycatcher (or Boreal Pewee)______ u,b
    Contopus cooperi
    (formerly genus Nuttallornis, previous scientific name borealis) (monotypic)

  170. Eastern Wood-Pewee______ r
    Contopus virens 
    (monotypic)

  171. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher______ c,b
    Empidonax flaviventris 
    (monotypic)

  172. Alder Flycatcher______ u,b
    Empidonax alnorum 
    (monotypic)

  173. Least Flycatcher______ u
    Empidonax minimus 
    (monotypic)

  174. Northern Shrike ______ r  (called Great Grey Shrike in the Old World)
    Lanius excubitor

  175. Gray Jay  ______  c,b
    Perisoreus canadensis

  176. Blue Jay ______ u,b 
    Cyanocitta cristata  

  177. American Crow  ______ c,b
    Corvus brachyrhynchos  

  178. Common Raven ______ c,b
    Corvus corax 

  179. Horned Lark  ______ c,b  (called Shore Lark in the Old World)
    Eremophila alpestris 

  180. White-eyed Vireo______ r
    Vireo g. griseus 
     

  181. Blue-headed (formerly part of Solitary) Vireo ______ u,b
    Vireo solitarius

  182. Yellow-throated Vireo______ r
    Vireo flavifrons 
    (monotypic)

  183. Philadelphia Vireo______ u
    Vireo philadelphicus 
    (monotypic)

  184. Red-eyed Vireo______ u,b
    Vireo olivaceus

  185. Warbling Vireo______ r
    Vireo gilvus 
     

  186. Black-capped Chickadee  ______ c,b  
    Poecile atricapilla 

  187. Boreal Chickadee ______ c,b
    Poecile hudsonica

  188. Red-breasted Nuthatch ______ u,b
    Sitta canadensis

  189. Brown Creeper______ u,b  (an alternate name could be "American Treecreeper"
    Certhia americana 

  190. Northern Wheatear ______ r
    Oenanthe oenanthe

  191. American Robin ______ c,b
    Turdus migratorius 

  192. Redwing  ______  
    Turdus iliacus

  193. Veery ______ u,b
    Catharus fuscescens

  194. Hermit Thrush ______ c,b
    Catharus guttatus

  195. Swainson's Thrush______ c,b
    Catharus ustulatus 
     

  196. Gray-cheeked Thrush______ c,b
    Catharus minimus 
     

  197. Brown Thrasher ______ r  
    Toxostoma rufum 

  198. Northern Mockingbird ______ u,b
    Mimus polyglottos

  199. Gray Catbird ______ r,b
    Dumetella carolinensis 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  200. Purple Martin______ r
    Progne subis  

  201. Tree Swallow______ c,b
    Tachycineta bicolor 
    (monotypic)

  202. Bank Swallow / Sand Martin ______ u,b
    Riparia r. riparia

  203. Northern Rough-winged Swallow ______ r
    Stelgidopteryx serripennis  

  204. Barn Swallow ______ u,b
    Hirundo rustica erythrogaster

  205. Cliff Swallow ______ r
    Petrochelidon
    (has been Hirundo) pyrrhonota  

  206. Winter Wren______ u,b  (called simply Wren in the Old World; an alternate name could be "Northern Wren") 
    Troglodytes troglodytes 

  207. Golden-crowned Kinglet ______ c,b
    Regulus satrapa

  208. Ruby-crowned Kinglet ______ c,b
    Regulus calendula

  209. Blue-gray Gnatcatcher______ r
    Polioptila caerulea  

  210. European Starling (NFi) ______ c,b
    Sturnus vulgaris

  211. White Wagtail ______ vr
    Motacilla alba

  212. American Pipit ______ c,b  (an alternate name is Buff-bellied Pipit)
    Anthus rubescens

  213. Bohemian Waxwing ______ u,ir  (called simply Waxwing in the Old World)
    Bombycilla garrulus

  214. Cedar Waxwing______ u,b
    Bombycilla cedrorum 
    (now monotypic)

  215. Black-and-white Warbler______  c,b
    Mniotilta varia 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 

  216. Prothonotary Warbler ______ r
    Protonotaria citrea (the single member of its genus)

  217. Worm-eating Warbler ______ r
    Helmitheros vermivorus 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 

  218. Golden-winged Warbler ______ r
    Vermivora chrysoptera

  219. Blue-winged Warbler ______ r
    Vermivora pinus

  220. Tennessee Warbler______ c,b
    Vermivora peregrina

  221. Orange-crowned Warbler ______ r
    Vermivora celata

  222. Nashville Warbler ______ r,b
    Vermivora ruficapilla

  223. Northern Parula______ r
    Parula americana 
    (monotypic)

  224. Yellow Warbler______ c,b
    Dendroica aestiva (was Dendroica petechia when Mangrove Warbler of Central America not split)

  225. Magnolia Warbler ______ c,b
    Dendroica magnolia

  226. Cape May Warbler ______ r,b
    Dendroica tigrina

      
  227. "Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warbler ______ c,b
    Dendroica c. coronata

  228. Black-throated Blue Warbler ______ r
    Dendroica caerulescens

  229. Black-throated Green Warbler______ c,b
    Dendroica virens

  230. Cerulean Warbler______ r
    Dendroica cerulea

  231. Blackburnian Warbler ______ r,b
    Dendroica fusca

  232. Yellow-throated Warbler ______ r
    Dendroica dominica

     
  233. Prairie Warbler______ r
    Dendroica discolor

  234. Palm Warbler ______ u,b
    Dendroica palmarum

  235. Chestnut-sided Warbler______ r
    Dendroica pensylvanica

  236. Bay-breasted Warbler______ u,b
    Dendroica castanea

  237. Blackpoll Warbler______ c,b
    Dendroica striata

  238. Ovenbird______ c,b
    Seiurus aurocapillus

  239. Northern Waterthrush ______ c,b
    Seiurus noveboracensis

  240. Wilson's Warbler ______ c,b
    Wilsonia canadensis

  241. Hooded Warbler______ r
    Wilsonia citrina

  242. Canada Warbler ______ r
    Wilsonia canadensis

  243. Kentucky Warbler______ r
    Oporornis formosus

  244. Mourning Warbler ______ c,b
    Oporornis philadelphia

  245. Common Yellowthroat ______ u,b
    Geothlypis t. trichas

  246. Yellow-breasted Chat______ r
    Icteria virens auricollis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  247. American Redstart______ c,b
    Setophaga ruticilla 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  248. Scarlet Tanager ______ r
    Piranga olivacea 
    (monotypic)

  249. Northern Cardinal ______ r
    Cardinalis cardinalis

  250. Rose-breasted Grosbeak ______ u,b
    Pheucticus ludovicianus 
    (monotypic)

  251. Indigo Bunting______ r
    Passerina cyanea
      (monotypic)

  252. Dickcissel ______ r
    Spiza americana  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  253. Eastern Towhee ______ (formerly called Rufous-sided Towhee when conspecific with what's now the Spotted Towhee of western North America)
    Pipilo maculatus repetens 

  254. American Tree Sparrow ______ u,b
    Spizella arborea

  255. Chipping Sparrow ______ u,b
    Spizella passerina  

  256. Vesper Sparrow  ______ r
    Pooecetes gramineus 

  257. Savannah Sparrow ______ c,b
    Passerculus sandwichensis  (the single member of its genus) 
     

  258. Fox Sparrow ______ c,b
    Passerella iliaca 
     

  259. Song Sparrow ______ u,b
    Melospiza melodia

  260. Lincoln's Sparrow ______ c,b
    Melospiza lincolnii

  261. Swamp Sparrow ______ c,b
    Melospiza georgiana

  262. White-throated Sparrow ______ c,b
    Zonotrichia albicollis

  263. White-crowned Sparrow ______ u,b
    Zonotrichia leucophrys

  264. Dark-eyed Junco ______ c,b
    Junco phaeonotus alticola

  265. Lapland Longspur ______ r
    Calcarius lapponicus

  266. Snow Bunting ______ u
    Plectrophenax nivalis

  267. Bobolink ______ u,b
    Dolichonyx oryzivorus  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  268. Brown-headed Cowbird ______ u,b
    Molothrus ater

  269. Common Grackle ______ u,b
    Quiscalus quiscula

  270. Rusty Blackbird______ c,b
    Euphagus carolinus 

  271. Red-winged Blackbird _____ u,b
    Agelaius phoeniceus 

  272. Yellow-headed Blackbird ______ r
    Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  273. Baltimore Oriole ______ u  (for a while considered conspecific with Bullock's Oriole and called Northern Oriole)
    Icterus galbula 
    (monotypic)

  274. Orchard Oriole______ r
    Icterus spurius

  275. Eastern Meadowlark______ r
    Sturnella magna  

  276. Common Chaffinch ______ vr
    Fringilla coelebs

  277. Pine Grosbeak ______ c,b
    Pinicola enucleator 

  278. Purple Finch ______ c,b
    Carpodacus purpureus

  279. Red Crossbill ______ u,b
    Loxia curvirostra 

  280. White-winged Crossbill ______ c,b,ir
    Loxia leucoptera

  281. Common Redpoll ______ c,b,ir
    Carduelis flammea

  282. Pine Siskin ______ c,b,ir
    Carduelis notata 
     

  283. American Goldfinch ______ u,b
    Carduelis tristis 

  284. Evening Grosbeak ______ u,b,ir
    Hesperiphona (has been Coccothraustes) coccothraustes

  285. House Sparrow (NFi) ______ u,b
    Passer domesticus

 

Mammals (Land & Marine): 


Codes:

(NFi):  introduced in Newfouundland


Land Mammals:

  1. Cinereus (formerly Masked) Shrew  (NFi)  ______ widespread 
    Sorex cinereus

  2. Little Brown Myotis (often called Little Brown Bat) ______ at dusk, above forests & ponds
    Myotis lucifugus

  3. Northern Myotis  ______ common in west Newfoundland; above forests & ponds
    Myotis septentrionalis

  4. Snowshore Hare (NFi) ______ woodlands
    Lepus americanus

  5. Arctic Hare ______ mountains & barrens
    Lepus arcticus

  6. Amerian Beaver______ woodland ponds
    Castor canadensis

  7. Muskrat ______ in & near water 
    Ondatra zibethicus

  8. Meadow Vole ______ meadows & barrens
    Microtus pennsylvanicus

  9. Southern Red-backed Vole (NFi) ______ on Notre Dame Bay islands  (has been called Boreal Red-backed Vole; as interest, the Northern Red-backed Vole is in Alaska & far-northern Canada)  
    Clethrionomys gapperi

  10. (European) Bank Vole (NFi) ______ on Notre Dame Bay islands
    Clethrionomys glareolus

  11. Brown Rat (NFi)  ______ near human settlements  (has also been called Norway Rat)
    Rattus norvegicus

  12. Western House Mouse (NFi)  ______ near human settlements  (this species commensal with people nearly throughout the world; this species split in 1999 from the Eastern House Mouse, generally restricted to Asia, Mus musculus)
    Mus domesticus 

  13. North American Deermouse  (NFi)  ______ 
    Peromyscus maniculatus

  14. Gray Wolf ______  now extinct in Newfoundland
    Canis lupus

  15. Coyote ______ widespread; a relatively recent colonizer
    Canis latrans

  16. Red Fox ______ common & widespread
    Vulpes vulpes

  17. Arctic Fox  ______  variable distribution
    Alopex lagopus

  18. Black Bear ______ widespread, secretive
    Ursus americanus

  19. Polar Bear ______ along coast in the spring as ice breaks up
    Ursus maritimus 

  20. Ermine ______ common & widespread  (in Europe called Stoat)
    Mustela erminea

  21. American Mink  (NFi) ______ common & widespread 
    Mustela vison

  22. American Marten ______  endangered, at Little Grand Lake & Terra Nova National Park
    Martes americana


  23. River Otter ______ widespread, usually near water
    Lutra
    (formerly Lontra) canadensis


  24. Canadian Lynx  ______ widespread
    Felis canadensis

  25. Moose  (NFi)  ______ widespread  (in Europe called Elk)
    Alces alces

  26. Caribou  ______  many herds throughout 
    Rangifer tarandus

Marine Mammals:

  1. Harp Seal ______  
    Phoca groenlandica

  2. Ringed Seal ______ 
    Phica hispida

  3. Hooded Seal ______ 
    Cystophora cristata,
    comes to pack ice around Labrador & the Davis Strait to give birth, then migrates to areas around Greenland

  4. Harbor Seal ______ 
    Phoca vitulina

  5. Gray Seal ______ 
    Halichoerus grypus

  6. Bearded Seal ______ 
    Erignathus barbatus

  7. North Atlantic Right Whale ______
    Embalaena glacialis

  8. Sperm Whale ______
    Physeter catodon

  9. Humpback Whale ______
    Megaptera novaeangliae

  10. Blue Whale ______
    Balaenoptera musculus

  11. Fin Whale ______
    Balaenoptera physalus

  12. Northern Minke Whale ______
    Balaenoptera acutorostrata

  13. Sei Whale ______
    Balaenoptera borealis

  14. Northern Bottlenose Whale ______
    Hyperoodon ampullatus

  15. Sowerby's Beaked Whale ______
    Mesoplodon bidens

  16. Risso's Dolphin ______ also called Gray Grampus
    Grampus griseus

  17. Long-finned Pilot Whale ______
    Globicephala melas

  18. Orca (or Killer Whale) ______
    Orcinus orca

  19. Atlantic White-sided Dolphin ______
    Lagenorhynchus acutus

  20. Harbor Porpoise ______
    Phocoena phocoena