PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA
E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-800-721-9986
 or 302/529-1876; Fax: 302/529-1085


VENEZUELA 
BIRDS


Noting those found
during Focus On Nature Tours 
with an (*)

1991 thru 2010

(during the months of February, 
March, & June)


A Venezuela bird-list compiled by Armas Hill.





PHOTO AT RIGHT: GOLDEN TANAGERS at a feeder during a FONT tour in Venezuela     


About 700 species of birds have cumulatively been seen during FONT tours.



Codes:

Indicating regions visited (as follows):

AM: The Andean state of Merida (from subtropical forest to paramo)

AT: The Andean state of Tachira (from subtropical forest to paramo)

BA: Barinas state (mostly): from east of Santo Domingo to Barinas

BC: Bolivar state: the Canaima (Angel Falls) area & "Las Nieves"

BE: Bolivar state: the area of the Escalera, the Tepuis, and the Gran Sabana

BI: Bolivar state: the area of the Imataca Forest Reserve & El Dorado

CA: Caracas

CC: Caribbean coast (from Chichiviriche east, including Morrocoy)

CR: Coastal Range (including Henri Pittier National Park & Colonia Tovar)

FS: Falcon state (west of Chichiviriche)

LL: Llanos (the Hato El Cedral, in the state of Apure)

MB: Maracaibo Basin (Zulia & Trujillo states)


(t): a globally threatened, or rare, species as designated by Birdlife International
(t1): critical   (t2): endangered   (t3): vulnerable
(nt): a near-threatened species globally

(i): introduced species
(Ve): Venezuelan endemic (Venezuela has 41.)
(Vqe): quasi (or near) endemic to Venezuela 
(Vr): rare in Venezuela

(ph): species with a photo in the FONT website  


REGARDING "PANTEPUI" SPECIALTY BIRDS (noted in this list with a "PS")

Southeast Venezuela is particularly known for its great variety of bird species. There's a road there that ascends to the plateau called the Gran Sabana.
An excellent birding road, it's called "La Escalera", which literally means "the staircase". Along that road is dense cloud forest that's home to most of the PANTEPUI SPECIALTY BIRDS, those that are typical of the foothill slopes of the "table mountains" known as "tepuis". 
38 species of birds are in that category of Pantepui endemics & specialties. And more study is almost certainly to reveal more. 
Pantepui endemics that are also endemic to Venezuela are also coded in the following list with a (Ve).
     


Links:

Upcoming South America FONT Birding & Nature Tours 
part 1: in Brazil & Venezuela

Upcoming South America FONT Birding & Nature Tours 
part 2: in Argentina & Chile
    

Birds of the Amazonian Basin 
(including Brazil, Ecuador, & Venezuela)

Venezuela Mammals

South America Butterflies 

Directory of Photos in this FONT Website

 

Bird-List:

  1. Gray Tinamou  ______
    Tinamus tao

  2. Great Tinamou  (*) ______ BE
    Tinamus m. major

  3. White-throated Tinamou  ______
    Tinamus guttatus

  4. Highland Tinamou  ______
    Nothocercus bonapartei

  5. Tawny-breasted Tinamou  ______
    Nothocercus julius

  6. Cinereous Tinamou  ______
    Crypturellus cinereus

  7. Little Tinamou  (*)  ______ CR
    Crypturellus soui andrei

  8. Tepui Tinamou  (PS)  ______
    Crypturellus ptaritepui

  9. Brown Tinamou  (*)  ______ AM
    Crypturellus obsoletus cerviniventris

  10. Undulated Tinamou  (*)  ______ BC
    Crypturellus undulatus manapiare 

  11. Variegated Tinamou  (*)  ______ BC
    Crypturellus v. variegatus

  12. Red-legged Tinamou  ______
    Crypturellus erythropus

  13. Gray-legged Tinamou  ______
    Crypturellus duidae

  14. Barred Tinamou  ______
    Crypturellus casiquiare

  15. Rufous-vented Chachalaca  (*)  ______ AT CA CC FS LL
    Ortalis ruficauda  (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
    Ortalis ruficauda ruficrissa 
    Ortalis r. ruficauda 

  16. Little Chachalaca  (*)  ______ BC (has been considered part of the Variable Chachalaca, the smallest & darkest race)
    Ortalis m. motmot 

  17. Band-tailed Guan  (*)  ______ CR
    Penelope a. argyrotis

  18. Andean Guan  (*)  ______ AM
    Penelope m. montagnii

  19. Marail Guan  ______
    Penelope marail

  20. Spix's Guan  (*)  ______ BC
    Penelope jacquacu orienticola

  21. Crested Guan  (ph)  ______
    Penelope purpurascens

  22. Common (or Blue-throated) Piping Guan  (*)  ______ BC
    Pipile c. cumanensis

  23. Wattled Guan  (nt)  ______
    Aburria aburri

  24. Nocturnal Curassow  ______
    Nothocrax urumutum 

  25. Crestless Curassow  ______
    Mitu tomentosa

  26. Black Curassow  (*)  ______ BC
    Crax alector 
    (monotypic)

  27. Yellow-knobbed Curassow  (nt) (*)  ______ LL
    Crax daubentoni 
    (monotypic)

  28. Northern Helmeted Curassow  (t3) ______
    Pauxi pauxi

  29. Crested Bobwhite  (*)  ______ BC FS LL
    Colinus cristatus sonnini

  30. Marbled Wood Quail  ______
    Odontophorus gujanensis

  31. Black-fronted Wood Quail  (t3) ______
    Odontophorus atrifrons 

  32. Venezuelan Wood Quail (nt) (Ve) (*)  ______ CR
    Odontophorus columbianus 
    (monotypic)

  33. Horned Screamer  (*)  ______ LL
    Anhima cornuta 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  34. Northern Screamer (nt)  (*)  ______ MB
    Chauna chavaria 
    (monotypic)

  35. Fulvous Whistling Duck  (*)  ______ LL
    Dendrocygna bicolor 
    (monotypic)

  36. White-faced Whistling Duck  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Dendrocygna viduata 
    (monotypic)

  37. Black-bellied Whistling Duck  (*) (ph)  ______ FS LL
    Dendrocygna autumnalis discolor

  38. Orinoco Goose (nt) (*)  ______ LL
    Neochen jubata 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  39. Andean Teal  (*)  ______ AM  (was part of more-southerly Speckled Teal, Anas flavirostris; the range of that species is now north to Peru)  
    Anas andium 

  40. American Wigeon  (ph)  ______
    Anas americana

  41. White-cheeked Pintail  (*)  ______ CC
    Anas b. bahamensis

  42. Blue-winged Teal  (*) (ph)  ______ CC FS LL
    Anas discors 
    (monotypic)

  43. Northern Shoveler  ______
    Anas clypeata

  44. Brazilian Teal  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Amazonetta b. brasiliensis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  45. Torrent Duck  (*) (ph) ______ BA
    Merganetta armata colombiana 
    (the single member of its genus)

  46. Comb Duck (nt) (*)  ______ LL
    Sarkidiornis melanotos 
    (the single member of its genus)

  47. Muscovy Duck  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Cairina moschata 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  48. Southern Pochard  ______
    Netta erythrophthalma

  49. Lesser Scaup  (ph)   ______
    Aythya affinis

  50. Masked Duck  (*)  ______ FS
    Nononyx
    (formerly Oxyura) dominica  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  51. Least Grebe  (*) (ph)  ______ FS LL
    Tachybabtus (formerly Podiceps) dominicus

  52. Pied-billed Grebe  (*)  ______ AM LL
    Podilymbus podiceps

  53. American Flamingo  (*) (ph)  ______ CC
    Phoenicopterus ruber

  54. Wood Stork  (*) (ph)  ______ CC FS LL
    Mycteria americana 
    (monotypic)

  55. Maguari Stork  (ph) ______ LL
    Euxenura maguari 
    (formerly Ciconia maguari)  (monotypic)

  56. Jabiru  (*) (ph)  ______ BC LL
    Jabiru mycteria 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 

  57. Buff-necked Ibis  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Theristicus c. caudatus

  58. Sharp-tailed Ibis  (*)  ______ LL
    Cercibis oxycerca 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 

  59. Green Ibis  (*)  ______ LL MB
    Mesembrinibis cayennensis  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)  

  60. Bare-faced (or Whispering) Ibis  (*)  ______ CC FS LL MB
    Phimosus infuscatus

  61. American White Ibis  (*) (ph)  ______ CC LL
    Eudocimus albus 
    (monotypic)

  62. Scarlet Ibis  (*) (ph)  ______ CC LL MB
    Eudocimus ruber 
    (monotypic)

  63. Glossy Ibis  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Phegadis f. falcinellus

  64. Roseate Spoonbill  (*) (ph)  ______ AM CC FS LL
    Ajaia
    (formerly Platalea) ajaja  (monotypic)

  65. Great Blue Heron  (*)  ______ CC LL
    Ardea herodias 

  66. Cocoi Heron  (*) (ph)  ______ BI LL MB  (has also been called White-necked Heron, but there's a species so-named in Australia)
    Ardea cocoi 
    (monotypic) 

  67. Great Egret  (*) (ph)  ______ AM BE BI CC FS LL MB
    Casmerodius (has been Ardea) alba egretta

  68. Snowy Egret  (*) (ph)  ______ AM CC FS LL MB
    Egretta t. thula

  69. Little Blue Heron  (*) (ph)   ______ CC LL MB
    Egretta caerulea 
    (monotypic)

  70. Reddish Egret  (ph)  ______
    Egretta rufescens

  71. Tricolored Heron  (*) (ph)  ______ CC LL MB  (has been called Louisiana Heron)
    Egretta tricolor ruficollis

  72. Striated Heron  (*) (ph)  ______ BI CC FS LL MB  (at one time considered conspecific with the Green Heron, of mostly North America & much of Central America; was then called Green-backed Heron)
    Butorides striatus   

  73. Green Heron  (*)  ______ MB  (at one time considered conspecific with the nearly-cosmopolitan Striated Heron, and was then called Green-backed Heron)
    Butorides virescens

  74. Western Cattle Egret  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BC CC FS LL MB
    Bubulcus ibis  


  75. Agami (or Chestnut-bellied) Heron (nt) (*)  ______ LL
    Agamia agami
      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  76. Whistling Heron  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Syrigma sibilatrix fostersmithi 
    (the single member of its genus)




    Whistling Heron

  77. Capped Heron  (*) (ph)  ______ LL MB
    Piherodius pileatus 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  78. Black-crowned Night Heron  (*)  ______ CC LL MB
    Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli

  79. Yellow-crowned Night Heron  (*) (ph)  ______ CC LL
    Nyctanassa violacea cayennensis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  80. Boat-billed Heron  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Cochlearius c. cochlearius 
    (the single member of its genus)

  81. Fasciated Tiger Heron  ______
    Tigrisoma fasciatum

  82. Rufescent Tiger Heron  (*)  ______ LL
    Tigrisoma l. lineatum

  83. Zigzag Heron (nt) (*)  ______ LL
    Zebrilus undulatus
      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 

  84. Least Bittern  (ph)   _____
    Ixobrychus exilis

  85. Stripe-backed Bittern  ______
    Ixobrychus involucris

  86. Pinnated Bittern  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Botaurus p. pinnatus

  87. Magnificent Frigatebird  (*) (ph)  ______ CC FS
    Fregata magnificens 
    (now said to be monotypic)

  88. Brown Pelican  (*) (ph)  ______ CC
    Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis

  89. Neotropic (has been called Olivaceous) Cormorant  (*) (ph)  ______ BI CC FS LL MB
    Phalacocorax brasilianus 
    (formerly P. olivaceous

  90. Anhinga  (*) (ph)  ______ BI FS LL MB
    Anhinga a. anhinga

  91. Andean Condor (nt) (ph)  ______  (re-introduced in Venezuela)
    Vultur gryphus

  92. King Vulture  (*) (ph)  ______ BC LL
    Sarcoramphus papa 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 

  93. Black Vulture  (*) (ph)  ______ all regions
    Coragyps atratus brasiliensis 
    (but said by some to be monotypic) (the single member of its genus) 

  94. Turkey Vulture  (*) (ph)  ______ all regions
    Cathartes aura ruficollis

  95. Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture  (*) (ph)  ______ BC LL MB
    Cathartes b. burrovianus
      (said by some to be monotypic)

  96. Greater Yellow-headed Vulture  (*)  ______ BI
    Cathartes melambrotus 
    (monotypic)

  97. Black Caracara  ______
    Daptrius ater

  98. Red-throated Caracara  (*)  ______ BI
    Ibycter americanus 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  99. Yellow-headed Caracara  (*)  ______ BA BE BC BI CC CR FS LL MB
    Milvago chimachima cordatus

  100. Northern Crested Caracara  (*) (ph)  ______ BC BE BI FS LL MB  (was conspecific with the now Southern Caracara, Caracara plancus, of South America, generally south of the Amazon)
    Caracara c. cheriway 

  101. Laughing Falcon  (*)  ______ AM FS LL
    Herpetotheres c. cachinnans 
    (the single member of its genus)

  102. Collared Forest Falcon  (*)  ______
    Micrastur s. semitorquatus

  103. Barred Forest Falcon  ______
    Micrastur ruficollis  

  104. Lined Forest Falcon  (*)  ______ BC
    Micrastur gilvicollis 
    (monotypic)

  105. Slaty-backed Forest Falcon  ______
    Micrastur mirandollei 


  106. Peregrine Falcon  (*) (ph)  ______ FS
    Falco peregrinus anatum

  107. Bat Falcon  (*) (ph)  ______ CR MB
    Falco r. rufigularis

  108. Aplomado Falcon  (*) (ph)  ______ BC BI LL MB
    Falco f. femoralis

  109. Merlin  (*) (ph)  ______ AM FS
    Falco c. columbarius

  110. American Kestrel  (*) (ph)  ______ AM BA BC BI FS LL MB
    Falco sparverius isabellinus 


  111. Osprey  (*) (ph)  ______ FS LL MB
    Pandion haliaetus 
    (the single member of its genus & family)

  112. White-tailed Kite  (*)  ______ AT LL
    Elanus l. leucurus

  113. Pearl Kite  (*)  ______
    Gampsonyx swainsonii

  114. Swallow-tailed Kite  (*)  ______ BC BE MB
    Elanoides forficatus yetapa 
    (the single member of is genus)

  115. Hook-billed Kite  ______
    Chondrohierax uncinatus

  116. Gray-headed Kite  (*)  ______ BA
    Leptodon c. cayanensis 
    (the single member of its genus)
      
  117. Double-toothed Kite  (*)  ______ BA BE
    Harpagus b. bidentatus

  118. Plumbeous Kite  (*)  ______ BC BE
    Ictinia plumbea 
    (monotypic)

  119. Snail Kite  (*) (ph)   ______ LL MB
    Rostrhamus s. sociabilis 
    (now the single member of its genus)

  120. Slender-billed Kite  (*)  ______
    Helicolestes
    (formerly Rostrhamus) hamatus 

  121. Long-winged Harrier  (ph)   ______
    Circus buffoni

  122. Plain-breasted Hawk  (*)  ______ BA  (has been considered a subspecies of the more-northerly  Sharp-shinned Hawk
    Accipiter (striatus) ventralis

  123. Semi-collared Hawk (nt) (*)  ______ AM AT  (rare, and not well known)
    Accipiter collaris 
    (monotypic)

  124. Tiny Hawk  ______
    Accipiter superciliosus

  125. Bicolored Hawk  ______
    Accipiter bicolor

  126. Gray-bellied Hawk  ______
    Accipiter poliogaster

  127. Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle  (*) (ph) ______ AM 
    Geranoaetus melanoleucus australis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  128. White-tailed Hawk  (*)  ______ FS LL
    Buteo albicaudatus colonus

  129. Zone-tailed Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ LL MB
    Buteo albonotatus 
    (monotypic)

  130. Roadside Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BE FS LL MB
    Buteo magnirostris 
    (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
    Buteo m. magnirostris
    Buteo magnirostris insidiatrix


  131. Gray-lined Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BE FS LL  (merged with the Gray Hawk of mostly Central America)
    Buteo
    (has also been said to be Asturina) n. nitida   

  132. White-rumped Hawk  ______
    Buteo leucorrhous

  133. Broad-winged Hawk  ______
    Buteo platypterus  

  134. White-throated Hawk  (*)  ______ AT  (a rare hawk in the Venezuelan high mountains) (was at one time a subspecies of the Short-tailed Hawk)
    Buteo albigula

  135. Short-tailed Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ CR FS
    Buteo b. brachyurus

  136. Bay-winged Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ BC FS LL  (In North America called Harris' Hawk.)
    Parabuteo u. unicinctus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  137. Crane Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Geranospiza c. caerulescens 
    (the single member of its genus)

  138. Slate-colored Hawk  ______
    Leucopternis schistacea 

  139. White Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ CR
    Leucopternis a. albicollis




    White Hawk
    (photo by Alan Brady)

  140. Black-faced Hawk  ______
    Leucopternis melanops

  141. Black-collared Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ FS LL MB
    Busarellus n. nigricollis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  142. Savanna Hawk  (*) (ph)   ______ BI BC FS LL MB
    Buteogallus meridionalis 
    (monotypic)

  143. Common Black Hawk  (*) (ph)  ______ BI CC MB
    Buteogallus a. anthracinus

  144. Great Black Hawk  (*)  ______ BC LL
    Buteogallus u. urubitinga

  145. Rufous Crab Hawk  ______  (in eastern Venezuela, near the seacoast) 
    Buteogallus aequinoctialis

  146. Montane Solitary Eagle  ______
    Harpyhaliaetus solitarius

  147. Crested Eagle  (nt)  ______
    Morphnus guianensis


  148. Harpy Eagle  (nt) (ph)   ______
    Harpia harpyja




    An immature Harpy Eagle

  149. Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle  ______
    Spizastur melanoleucus

  150. Black Hawk-Eagle  (*)  ______ AT BA LL
    Spizaetus tyrannus serus

  151. Ornate Hawk-Eagle  (ph)   ______
    Spizaetus ornatus

  152. Black-and-chestnut Eagle  ______
    Oroaetus isidori 


  153. Gray-breasted Crake  ______
    Laterallus exilis

  154. Rufous-sided Crake  ______
    Laterallus melanophaius

  155. Rusty-flanked Crake (t2)  ______
    Laterallus levraudi

  156. Russet-crowned Crake  ______
    Laterallus viridis

  157. Uniform Crake  ______
    Amaurolimnas concolor

  158. Sora  ______
    Porzana carolina

  159. Ash-throated Crake  ______
    Porzana albicollis 

  160. Gray-necked Wood Rail  (*) (ph)  ______ BA FS LL
    Aramides c. cajanea

  161. Yellow-breasted Crake  (*)  ______ LL
    Porzana f. flaviventer

  162. Paint-billed Crake  ______
    Neocrex erythrops

  163. Speckled Crake  ______
    Coturnicops notatus

  164. Ocellated Crake  ______
    Micropygia schomburgkii

  165. Clapper Rail  ______
    Rallus longirostris

  166. Plain-flanked Rail  (t2) (Ve)  ______  
    Rallus wetmorei

  167. Blackish Rail  ______
    Pardirallus nigricans

  168. Spotted Rail  ______
    Pardirallus maculatus

  169. Rufous-necked Wood Rail  ______
    Aramides axillaris

  170. Common Gallinule (or Moorhen) (*) (ph)  ______ BI FS LL
    Gallinula chloropus galeata

  171. Purple Gallinule  (*) (ph)  ______ BI LL MB
    Porphyrula martinicus 
    (monotypic)

  172. Azure Gallinule  (*)  ______ LL
    Porphyrula flavirostris 
    (monotypic)

  173. Caribbean Coot  (nt)  ______
    Fulica caribaea

  174. Sungrebe  (*) (ph)  ______ LL  (has been called "American Finfoot")
    Heliornis fulica 
    (monotypic)




    A Sungrebe photographed during a FONT tour

  175. Sunbittern  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Eurypyga h. helias 
    (the single member of its genus & family) 




    A Sunbittern photographed during a FONT tour

  176. Gray-winged Trumpeter  ______
    Psophia crepitans 

  177. Limpkin  (*) (ph)   ______ LL MB
    Aramus guarauna 
    (the single member of its genus & family) 

  178. Double-striped Thick-knee  (*) (ph)   ______ FS LL
    Burhinus bistriatus vocifer




    A Double-striped Thick-knee photographed during a FONT tour 

  179. American Oystercatcher  (ph)   ______
    Haematopus palliatus 


  180. Black-necked Stilt  (*) (ph)   ______ CC FS LL (has been said by some to be conspecific with the Black-winged Stilt of the Old World, Himantopus himantopus)
    Himantopus (h.) mexicanus 


  181. Southern Lapwing  (*) (ph)   ______ BC BI CC FS LL MB
    Vanellus chilensis cayennensis  

  182. Pied Plover  (*)  ______ LL
    Hoploxypterus cayanus  (monotypic)

  183. Gray Plover  (ph)   ______  (has been called Black-bellied Plover)
    Pluvialis squatarola

  184. American Golden Plover  (ph)   ______
    Pluvialis dominica

  185. Semipalmated Plover  (*) (ph)   ______ CC
    Charadrius semipalmatus 
    (monotypic)

  186. Wilson's Plover  (ph)   ______
    Charadrius wilsonia

  187. Collared Plover  (*)  ______ FS LL
    Charadrius collaris 
    (monotypic)

  188. Killdeer  ______
    Charadrius vociferus

  189. Wattled Jacana  (*) (ph)   ______ BI CC FS LL MB
    Jacana jacana 
    (3 subspecies in Venezuela) 
    Jacana jacana melanopygia 
    (west VE)
    Jacana jacana intermedia 
    (north & central VE)
    Jacana j. jacana 
    (south VE)

  190. Greater Yellowlegs  (*)  ______ CC FS LL
    Tringa melanoleuca 
    (monotypic)

  191. Lesser Yellowlegs  (*) (ph)   ______ CC FS LL
    Tringa flavipes 
    (monotypic)

  192. Solitary Sandpiper  (*) (ph)   ______ FS LL
    Tringa s. solitaria

  193. Spotted Sandpiper  (*) (ph)   ______ AT CC FS LL MB
    Actitis macularia 
    (monotypic)

  194. Willet  (*) (ph)   ______ CC
    Catoptrophorus (or Tringa)  semipalmatus inornatus

  195. Ruddy Turnstone  (*) (ph)   ______
    Arenaria interpres

  196. Red Knot  (ph)   ______
    Calidris canutus

  197. Pectoral Sandpiper  (*) (ph)   ______ CC LL
    Calidris melanotos 
    (monotypic)

  198. Least Sandpiper  (*) (ph)   ______ CC FS LL
    Calidris minutilla 
    (monotypic)

  199. Semipalmated Sandpiper  (*)  ______ CC LL
    Calidris pusilla 
    (monotypic)

  200. Western Sandpiper  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Calidris mauri 
    (monotypic)

  201. White-rumped Sandpiper  (ph)   ______
    Calidris fuscicollis

  202. Sanderling  (*) (ph)   ______ CC
    Calidris alba rubida

  203. Stilt Sandpiper  (*)  ______ FS
    Calidris
    (formerly Micropalama) himantopus  (monotypic)

  204. Upland Sandpiper  ______
    Bartramia longicauda

  205. "American" Whimbrel  (*) (ph)   ______ CC
    Numenius phaepus hudsonicus

  206. Hudsonian Godwit  ______
    Limosa haemastica

  207. Buff-breasted Sandpiper (nt) (ph)   ______
    Tryngites subruficollis

  208. Short-billed Dowitcher  (*) (ph)   ______ CC
    Limnodromus g. griseus

  209. Wilson's Snipe  (ph)   ______  (was conspecific with the Common Snipe of Eurasia)
    Gallinago delicata

  210. South American Snipe  (*)  ______ LL  (has been considered conspecific with what's now the Wilson's Snipe, Gallinago delicata, of North America, which has formerly been conspecific itself with the Common Snipe, Gallinago gallinago, of the Old World)
    Gallinago paraguaiae 

  211. Noble Snipe  ______
    Gallinago nobilis

  212. Andean Snipe  (*)  ______ AT
    Gallinago jamesoni

  213. Giant Snipe  ______
    Gallinago undulata 


  214. Laughing Gull  (*) (ph)   ______ MB
    Larus atricilla

  215. Large-billed Tern  (*) (ph)   ______ LL MB
    Phaetusa s. simplex 
    (the single member of its genus)

  216. Gull-billed Tern  (*) ______ CC LL
    Gelochelidon (formerly Sterna) nilotica aranea

  217. Common Tern  ______
    Sterna hirundo

  218. Roseate Tern  (*) (ph)   ______ CC
    Sterna d. dougallii

  219. Least Tern  ______
    Sternula
    (formerly Sterna) antillarum

  220. Yellow-billed Tern  (*) ______ LL  (an alternate name has been Amazon Tern)
    Sternula
    (formerly Sterna) superciliaris  (monotypic)

  221. Caspian Tern  (ph)   ______
    Hydroprogne
    (formerly Sterna) caspia 

  222. Royal Tern  (*) (ph)   ______ MB
    Thalasseus (
    formerly Sterna) m. maxima

  223. Sandwich Tern  (ph)   ______
    Thalasseus
    (formerly Sterna) sandvicensis

  224. Cayenne Tern  ______
    Thalasseus
    (formerly Sterna) eurygnatha

  225. Bridled Tern  (ph)  ______
    Onychopion
    (formerly Sterna) anaethetus

  226. Sooty Tern  (ph)    ______
    Onychopion
    (formerly Sterna) fuscata

  227. Brown Noddy  ______
    Anous stolidus

  228. Black Noddy  ______
    Anous minutus

  229. Black Tern  (ph)   ______
    Chlidonias niger 

  230. Black Skimmer  (*) (ph)   ______ CC LL
    Rynchops n. nigra

  231. Band-tailed Pigeon  (*) (ph)   ______ AT BA CR
    Patagioenas
    (formerly Columba) fasciata albilinea

  232. Scaled Pigeon  ______
    Patagioenas
    (formerly Columba) speciosa

  233. Scaly-naped Pigeon  ______  (in Venezuela, only on offshore islands, and not commonly)
    Patagioenas
    (formerly Columba) squamosa

  234. Bare-eyed Pigeon  (*)  ______ CC FS
    Patagioenas
    (formerly Columba) corensis  (monotypic)

  235. Pale-vented Pigeon  (*)  ______ AM AT BA BC LL MB
    Patagioenas
    (formerly Columba) cayennensis

  236. Ruddy Pigeon  (*)  ______ BI CR
    Patagioenas
    (formerly Columba) subvinacea purpureotincta

  237. Plumbeous Pigeon  (*)  ______ BA,CR
    Patagioenas
    (formerly Columba) plumbea delicata

  238. Feral Pigeon (i) (*)  ______ throughout
    Columba livia

  239. Eared Dove  (*) (ph)   ______ AM AT BA BI CC FS LL MB
    Zenaida auriculata stenura

  240. Common Ground Dove  (*) (ph)   ______ BA BC CC CR FS LL
    Columbina passerina albivitta

  241. Plain-breasted Ground Dove  (*)  ______ LL
    Columbina m. minuta

  242. Ruddy Ground Dove  (*)  ______ AM BC CC FS LL MB
    Columbina talpacoti rufipennis

  243. Scaled Dove  (*)  ______ BC FS LL MB
    Columbina
    (or by some said to be Scardafella) squammata

  244. Blue Ground Dove  (*)  ______ CR
    Claravis preiosa 
    (monotypic)

  245. Maroon-chested Ground Dove  ______
    Claravis mondetoura


  246. White-tipped Dove  (*)  ______ BC CC CR FS LL  (was called White-fronted Dove)
    Leptotila v. verreauxi

  247. Gray-fronted Dove  (*)  ______ BE MB
    Leptotila rufaxilla dubusi 

  248. Ruddy Quail-Dove  (*)  ______ AM BC BE CR
    Geotrygon m. montana

  249. Lined Quail-Dove  (*)  ______ CR
    Geotrygon l. linearis

  250. Violaceous Quail-Dove   ______
    Geotrygon violacea  

  251. Blue-and-Yellow Macaw  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Ara ararauna 
    (monotypic)




    Blue-and-yellow Macaw

  252. Military Macaw  (t3) (*) ______
    Ara militaris

  253. Scarlet Macaw  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Ara m. macao

  254. Red-and-green (or Green-winged) Macaw  (*) (ph)   ______ BC BI FS
    Ara chloroptera 
    (monotypic)

  255. Chestnut-fronted Macaw  (*)  ______ LL MB
    Ara s. severus

  256. Red-bellied Macaw  ______
    Orthopsittaca manilata

  257. Red-shouldered Macaw  ______
    Diopsittaca nobilis

  258. Blue-crowned Parakeet  (*)  ______
    Aratinga acuticaudata

  259. Scarlet-fronted Parakeet  (*)  ______ CR
    Aratinga wagleri transilis 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  260. White-eyed Parakeet  (*) (ph)  ______ BC
    Aratinga l. leucophthalmus

  261. Brown-throated Parakeet  (*)  ______ AT BC BI CC FS LL MB
    Aratinga pertinax venezuelae 
    (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela, 2 on offshore islands: Tortuga & Margarita)

  262. Blood-eared Parakeet  (Ve) (*)  ______ CR  (also called Red-eared Parakeet)
    Pyrrhura h. hoematotis 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  263. Fiery-shouldered Parakeet  (PS)   ______
    Pyrrhura egregia

  264. Maroon-tailed Parakeet  ______
    Pyrrhura melanura

  265. Rose-crowned Parakeet  (Ve)  ______  (was called Rose-headed Parakeet)
    Pyrrhura rhodocephala

  266. Painted Parakeet  (*)  ______ BI  (closely related to, and formerly conspecific with, the Perija Parakeet, Pyrrhura caeruleiceps, of mostly Colombia, and the Venezuelan (or Maroon-faced) Parakeet (Ve). Pyrrhura emma)  
    Pyrrhura p. picta  

  267. Perija Parakeet  ______  (was part of Painted Parakeet)
    Pyrrhura caeruleiceps

  268. Venezuelan (or Maroon-faced) Parakeet  (Ve)  ______  (was part of Painted Parakeet)
    Pyrrhura emma

  269. Barred Parakeet  ______
    Bolborhynchus lineola

  270. Green-rumped Parrotlet  (*)  ______ AT BA BC BI CC FS LL MB
    Forpus passerinus viridissimus

  271. Spectacled Parrotlet  ______
    Forpus conspicillatus

  272. Dusky-billed Parrotlet  ______
    Forpus sclateri

  273. Orange-chinned Parakeet  (*)  ______ AM
    Brotogeris jugularis exsul

  274. Cobalt-winged Parakeet  ______
    Brotogeris cyanoptera

  275. Golden-winged Parakeet  ______
    Brotogeris chrysopterus

  276. Tepui Parrotlet  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Nannopsittaca panychlora 
    (the only other species in this genus was described only as recently as 1991, the Amazonian Parrotlet of Peru & Bolivia)

  277. Lilac-tailed Parrotlet  ______
    Touit batavica

  278. Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet  ______
    Touit huetii

  279. Blue-fronted Parrotlet  ______
    Touit dilectissima

  280. Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet  ______
    Touit purpurata

  281. Black-headed Parrot  (*)  ______ BC
    Pionites m. melanocephala

  282. Saffron-headed Parrot  (t3) ______
    Pionopsitta pyrilia

  283. Caica Parrot  (PS)  ______
    Pionopsitta caica

  284. Orange-cheeked Parrot  ______
    Pionopsitta barrabandi

  285. Rusty-faced Parrot  (t2)  ______
    Hapalopsittaca amazonina

  286. Blue-headed Parrot ______ BC BE FS
    Pionus m. menstruus

  287. Red-billed Parrot  (*)  ______ CR
    Pionus s. sordidus 
    (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)

  288. White-capped Parrot  (*)  ______ AT  (by some merged with the Speckle-faced Parrot, Pionus tumultuosus, of Peru & Bolivia)
    Pionus seniloides

  289. Bronze-winged Parrot  ______
    Pionus chalcopterus

  290. Dusky Parrot  (PS)  ______
    Pionus fuscus

  291. Red-lored Amazon  ______
    Amazona autumnalis

  292. Blue-cheeked Amazon  (nt)  ______
    Amazona dufresniana

  293. Festive Amazon  (*)  ______ LL
    Amazona festiva bodini

  294. Yellow-shouldered Amazon  (t3) (*)  ______ FS
    Amazona b. barbadensis 
    (monotypic)

  295. Yellow-crowned Amazon  (*)  ______ BI BC CC FS LL MB
    Amazona o. ochrocephala

  296. Orange-winged Amazon  (*)  ______ AM BA BE BI LL MB
    Amazona a. amazonica

  297. Scaly-naped Amazon  ______
    Amazona mercenaria

  298. Mealy Amazon  (*)  ______ BC BI
    Amazona f. farinosa

  299. Red-fan (or Hawk-headed) Parrot  (*) (ph)  ______ BE
    Deroptyus accipitrinus 
    (the single member of its genus) 




    Red-fan Parrot

  300. Greater Ani  (*)  ______ LL MB
    Crotophaga major 
    (monotypic)

  301. Smooth-billed Ani  (*) (ph)   ______ AM BA BC BE CC FS LL MB
    Crotophaga ani 
    (monotypic)

  302. Groove-billed Ani  (*) (ph)   ______ AM AT BA LL
    Crotophaga sulcirostris 
    (now monotypic)

  303. Dwarf Cuckoo  (*) ______ LL MB
    Coccycua pumilus 
    (monotypic)

  304. Dark-billed Cuckoo  (*)  ______ LL
    Coccyzus melacoryphus 
    (monotypic)

  305. Black-billed Cuckoo  ______
    Coccyzus erythropthalmus

  306. Yellow-billed Cuckoo  ______
    Coccyzus americanus

  307. Pearly-breasted Cuckoo  ______
    Coccyzus euleri

  308. Mangrove Cuckoo  (ph)   ______
    Coccyzus minor

  309. Gray-capped Cuckoo  ______
    Coccyzus lansbergi 

  310. Squirrel Cuckoo  (*) (ph)   ______ AT BE BI FS MB
    Piaya cayana mehleri

  311. Black-bellied Cuckoo  ______
    Piaya melanogaster

  312. Little Cuckoo  (*)  ______ BI FS
    Coccycua m. minuta

  313. Striped Cuckoo  (*)  ______ AM BA BI CR LL
    Tapera n. naevia 
    (the single member of its genus)

  314. Pheasant Cuckoo  ______
    Dromococcyx phasianellus

  315. Rufous-winged Ground Cuckoo  (PS)  ______
    Neomorphus rufipennis 

  316. Hoatzin  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Opisthocomus hoazin 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus & family)




    A Hoatzin photographed during a FONT tour in Venezuela
    (photo by Alan Brady)


  317. Barn Owl  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Tyto alba hellmayri

  318. Foothill Screech Owl  ______  (was part of the Vermiculated, or Variable, Screech Owl(PS)
    Megascops
    (formerly Otus) roraimae

  319. Tropical Screech Owl  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BC
    Megascops
    (formerly Otus) choliba crucigerus




    Tropical Screech Owl

     
  320. Rufescent Screech Owl  ______
    Megascops
    (formerly Otus) ingens

  321. Tawny-bellied Screech Owl  ______
    Megascops
    (formerly Otus) watsonii

  322. White-throated Screech Owl  (*)  ______ AM
    Megascops
    (formerly Otus) albogularis  (2 subspecies in west VE: M. a. obscurus, more northerly, & M. a. meridensis

  323. Great Horned Owl  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Bubo virginianus nacurutu

  324. Crested Owl  ______
    Lophostrix cristata

  325. Spectacled Owl  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Pulsitrix p. perspicillata

  326. Black-and-white Owl  ______
    Strix nigrolineata

  327. Black-banded Owl  ______
    Strix huhula

  328. Mottled Owl  ______
    Strix virgata

  329. Rufous-banded Owl  ______
    Strix albitarsis

  330. Andean Pygmy Owl  (*)  ______ AM
    Glaucidium jardinii 
    (now monotypic)

  331. Ferruginous Pygmy Owl  (*) (ph)  ______ BA LL
    Glaucidium brasilianum phalaenoides




    Ferruginous Pygmy Owl
    (photo by DickTipton)

  332. Amazonian Pygmy Owl  ______  (in Venezuela, was thought to be part of the Least Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium minutissimum, now in Brazil)  
    Glaucidium hardyi 

  333. Burrowing Owl  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Athene cunicuaria apurensis 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  334. Striped Owl  (ph)   ______
    Asio clamator

  335. Stygian Owl  ______
    Asio stygius

  336. Short-eared Owl  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Asio flammeus pallidicaudus

  337. Buff-fronted Owl  ______
    Aegolius harrisii

  338. Oilbird  ______
    Steatornis caripensis

  339. Great Potoo  (*)  ______ LL
    Nyctibius g. grandis

  340. Long-tailed Potoo  ______
    Nyctibius aethereus

  341. Common (or Gray) Potoo  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Nyctibius g. griseus




    A Common Potoo roosting by day
    (photo by Armas Hill)

  342. Short-tailed (or Semicollared) Nighthawk  (*)  ______ BI CR
    Lurocalis s. semitorquatus

  343. Rufous-bellied Nighthawk  ______
    Lurocalis rufiventris

  344. Least Nighthawk  ______
    Chordeiles pusillus

  345. Lesser Nighthawk  (*)  ______ BC LL
    Chordeiles a. acutipennis

  346. Common Nighthawk  ______
    Chordeiles minor

  347. Sand-colored Nighthawk  ______
    Chodeiles rupestris

  348. Band-tailed Nighthawk  (*)  ______ LL
    Nyctiprogne leucopyga pallida

  349. Nacunda Nighthawk  (*)  ______ CC LL
    Podager nacunda minor 
    (the single member of its genus)

  350. Pauraque  (*) (ph)   ______ FS LL
    Nyctidromus albicollis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  351. Rufous Nightjar  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT
    Caprimulgus rufus minimus




    A Rufous Nightjar during a FONT tour, roosting on the ground by day
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  352. Blackish Nightjar  (*)  ______ BC
    Caprimulgus nigrescens

  353. Band-winged Nightjar  (*)  ______ AM
    Caprimulgus longirostris ruficervix

  354. Roraiman Nightjar  (PS)   ______
    Caprimulgus whitelyi

  355. White-tailed Nightjar  (*)  ______ BC LL
    Caprimulgus c. cayennensis

  356. Spot-tailed Nightjar  (*)  ______ LL
    Caprimulgus maculicaudus 
    (monotypic)

  357. Little Nightjar  (*) (ph)   ______ LL
    Caprimulgus parvulus heterurus

  358. Ladder-tailed Nightjar  ______
    Hydropsalis climacocerca

  359. Lyre-tailed Nightjar  (*)  ______ AM
    Uropsalis l. lyra

  360. White-collared Swift  (*)  ______ AT BA BC CR MB
    Streptoprocne zonaris albicincta

  361. Chestnut-collared Swift  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Streptoprocne
    (has been Cypseloides) r. rutilus

  362. Tepui Swift  (PS) (*)  ______ BC BE
    Streptoprocne
    (has been Cypseloides) phelpsi  (monotypic)

  363. White-chinned Swift  ______
    Cypseloides cryptus

  364. Spot-fronted Swift  ______
    Cypseloides cherriei

  365. Chapman's Swift  ______
    Chaetura chapmani

  366. Vaux's Swift  (*) ______ AM BA CR
    Chaetura vauxi andrei 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  367. Gray-rumped Swift  (*)  ______ BC CR
    Chaetura cinereiventris lawrencei

  368. Band-rumped Swift  (*) ______ BE
    Chaetura spinicaudus latirostris

  369. Short-tailed Swift  (*)  ______ BC BE CR FS MB
    Chaetura b. brachyura

  370. White-tipped Swift  (*)  ______ CR
    Aeronautes m. montivagus

  371. Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift  (*)  ______ BA CR
    Panyptila c. cayennensis

  372. Pygmy Palm Swift  ______
    Tachornis furcata

  373. Neotropical (or Fork-tailed) Palm Swift  (*)  ______ BA BC BI CC MB
    Tachornis s. squamata

  374. Rufous-breasted Hermit  (*)  ______ BA BE
    Glaucis h. hirsuta

  375. Band-tailed Barbthroat  ______
    Threnetes ruckeri

  376. Pale-tailed Barbthroat  ______
    Threnetes niger

  377. Pale-bellied Hermit  (*)  ______ LL
    Phaethornis a. anthophilus

  378. Green Hermit  (*)  ______ AT
    Phaethornis g. guy

  379. White-bearded Hermit  (*)  ______ MB
    Phaethornis hispidus

  380. Western Long-tailed Hermit  ______
    Phaethornis longirostris

  381. Eastern Long-tailed Hermit  (*)  ______ BC BE
    Phaethornis s. superciliosus

  382. Great-billed Hermit  ______
    Phaethornis malaris

  383. Straight-billed Hermit  (*)  ______ BE
    Phaethornis bourcieri whitelyi

  384. Sooty-capped Hermit  (*)  ______ BA BC CR
    Phaethornis a. augusti

  385. Rupurumi Hermit  ______  (was part of the Dusky-throated Hermit, a species now in southeast Brazil)
    Phaethornis rupurumii

  386. Reddish Hermit  (*)  ______ BE
    Phaethornis ruber episcopus

  387. Gray-chinned Hermit  (*)  ______ BC
    Phaethornis g. griseogularis

  388. Little Hermit  ______
    Phaethornis longuemareus

  389. Stripe-throated Hermit  (ph)   ______
    Phaethornis striigularis

  390. Green-fronted Lancebill  ______
    Doryfera ludovicae

  391. Blue-fronted Lancebill  ______
    Doryfera johannae

  392. Gray-breasted Sabrewing  ______
    Campylopterus largipennis

  393. Rufous-breasted Sabrewing  (PS)  ______
    Campylopterus hyperythrus

  394. Buff-breasted Sabrewing  ______
    Campylopterus duidae

  395. White-tailed Sabrewing  (nt) ______  (occurs only in northern Venezuela and on the nearby island of Tobago)
    Campylopterus ensipennis  

  396. Lazuline Sabrewing  (*)  ______ AM CR
    Campylopterus falcatus 
    (monotypic)

  397. White-necked Jacobin  (*) (ph)   ______ AT BI LL
    Florisuga m. mellivora 
    (the other subspecies restricted to Tobago Is.)




    White-necked Jacobin

  398. Brown Violetear  (*)  ______ CR
    Colibri delphinae 
    (now monotypic)

  399. Green Violetear  (*) (ph)   ______ AM BA  
    Colibri thalassinus cyanotus

  400. Sparkling Violetear  (*) (ph)   ______ AM BA CR
    Colibri c. coruscans

  401. Green-throated Mango  ______
    Anthracothorax viridigula

  402. Green-breasted Mango  (ph)   ______
    Anthracothorax prevostii

  403. Black-throated Mango  (*) (ph)   ______ AT BA BC BE CA LL MB
    Anthracothorax nigricollis 
    (monotypic)

  404. Fiery-tailed Awlbill  ______
    Avocettula (or Anthracothorax) recurvirostris

  405. Ruby Topaz Hummingbird  (*)  ______ CR LL 
    Chrysolampis mosquitus 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  406. Crimson Topaz  (ph)  ______
    Topaza pella




    Crimson Topaz

  407. Fiery Topaz  ______
    Topaza pyra 

  408. Violet-headed Hummingbird  (*)  ______ AM
    Klais g. guimeti

  409. Tufted Coquette  ______
    Lophornis ornatus

  410. Spangled Coquette  ______
    Lophornis stictolophus

  411. Festive Coquette  ______
    Lophornis chalybeus

  412. Peacock Coquette  (PS)   ______
    Lophornis pavoninus

  413. Black-bellied Thorntail  ______
    Popelairia langdorffi

  414. Racket-tailed Coquette  ______
    Discosura longicauda

  415. Blue-chinned Sapphire  (*)  ______ CR
    Chlorostilbon n. notatus 
    (has also been said to be in the monotypic genus, Chlorestes) 

  416. Blue-tailed Emerald  (*)  ______ BC BI CA CC FS LL
    Chlorostilbon mellisugus caribaeus 
    (1 of 4 subspecies in Venezuela)

  417. Red-billed Emerald  ______
    Chlorostilbon gibsoni

  418. Narrow-tailed Emerald  (*)  ______ AM  (probably a subspecies of the Green-tailed Emerald; in an area of overlap where both occur, the Narrow-tailed & Green-tailed are virtually indistinguishable. Narrow-billed at higher elevations and more-southerly.)
    Chlorostilbon s. stenurus 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela) 

  419. Green-tailed Emerald (Ve) (*)  ______ AT
    Chlorostilbon alice 
    (monotypic)

  420. Short-tailed Emerald  (*)  ______ AT
    Chlorostilbon p. poortmani

  421. Violet-crowned Woodnymph  (*)  ______ AT LL  (also called Purple-crowned Woodnymph
    Thalurania colombica rostrifera

  422. Common (or Fork-tailed) Woodnymph  (*)  ______ BC BE
    Thalurania f. furcata 
    (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela)

  423. Shining-green Hummingbird  ______
    Lepidopyga goudoti

  424. Rufous-throated Sapphire  ______
    Hylocharis sapphirina 

  425. White-chinned Sapphire  (*)  ______ BA
    Hylocharis cyanus viridiventris

  426. Golden-tailed Sapphire  ______
    Chrysuronia oenone

  427. White-tailed Goldenthroat  (*)  ______ LL
    Polytmus g. guainumbi

  428. Tepui Goldenthroat  (Ve) (PS)  ______
    Polytmus milleri

  429. Green-tailed Goldenthroat  ______
    Polytmus theresiae  

  430. Buffy Hummingbird  (*)  ______ FS
    Leucippus f. fallax 
    (but said by some to be monotypic)

  431. White-chested Emerald  (*)  ______ BC
    Amazilia b. brevirostris

  432. Plain-bellied Emerald  ______
    Amazilia leucogaster

  433. Versicolored Emerald  (*)  ______ LL
    Amazilia versicolor hollandi

  434. Glittering-throated Emerald  (*)  ______ LL
    Amazilia fimbriata elegantissima 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  435. Sapphire-spangled Emerald  ______
    Amazilia lactea

  436. Copper-rumped Hummingbird ______ CA CR
    Amazilia tobaci caudata 
    (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela)

  437. Steely-vented Hummingbird  (*)  ______ BA
    Amazilia saucerrottei braccata

  438. Green-bellied Hummingbird  ______
    Amazilia viridigaster

  439. Copper-tailed Hummingbird  (PS)  ______  
    Amazilia cupreicauda

  440. Rufous-tailed Hummingbird  (*) (ph)   ______ AM AT MB
    Amazilia t. tzacatl

  441. White-vented Plumeleteer  (*)  ______ AT BA
    Chalybura buffonii aeneicauda

  442. Speckled Hummingbird  (*) (ph)   ______ AT BA CR
    Adelomyia melanogenys aeneosticta

  443. Gould's Jewelfront  ______
    Heliodoxa aurescens

  444. Violet-fronted Brilliant  (*)  ______ CR
    Heliodoxa l. leadbeateri

  445. Violet-browed Brilliant  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Heliodoxa xanthogonys

  446. Scissor-tailed Hummingbird  (t3) (Ve)  ______
    Hylonympha macrocerca

  447. Violet-chested Hummingbird (Ve) (*)  ______ CR
    Sternoclyta cyanopectus

  448. Mountain Velvetbreast  (*)  ______ AT
    Lafresnaya lafresnaya greenewalti

  449. Bronzy Inca  (*)  ______ AT BA CR
    Coeligena coeligena columbiana 
    (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)

  450. Collared Inca  (*) (ph)   ______ AM AT
    Coeligena torquata conradii

  451. Golden-bellied Starfrontlet  ______
    Coeligena bonapartei

  452. Golden-tailed Starfrontlet (Ve) (*) ______ AM AT  (this population in the Venezuelan Andes was formerly considered a subspecies of the Golden-bellied Starfrontlet, Coeligena bonapartei, of mostly ne Colombia)
    Coeligena eos   

  453. Blue-throated Starfrontlet  ______
    Coeligena helianthea

  454. Sword-billed Hummingbird  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT
    Ensifera ensifera 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)


     

    Sword-billed Hummingbird

  455. Buff-tailed Coronet  ______
    Boissonneaua  flavescens

  456. Orange-throated Sunangel  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Heliangelus mavors 
    (monotypic)

  457. Longuemare's Sunangel  (*)  ______ AM (includes Merida Sunangel (Ve) previously regarded as a distinct species) (closely related to Amethyst-throated Sunangel of Ecuador to Bolivia; 2 subspecies of the Longuemare's Sunangel were previously regarded as subspecies of the Amethyst-throated)   
    Heliangelus clarisse spencei ("Merida Sunangel")

  458. Coppery-bellied Puffleg  (nt)  ______
    Eriocnemis cupreoventris

  459. Glowing Puffleg  (*)  ______ AT
    Eriocnemis v. vestita

  460. Booted Racket-tail  (*)  ______ CR  (A more appropriate name would be Racket-tailed Puffleg, as there are parrots in southeast Asia (the Philippines) called "Racket-tails".) 
    Ocreatus underwoodii polystictus 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)  (the single member of its genus) 

  461. Purple-backed Thornbill  ______
    Ramphomicron microhynchum

  462. Tyrian Metaltail  (*)  ______ AM AT CR
    Metallura tyrianthina oreopola 
    (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)

  463. Perija Metaltail  (t3) ______
    Metallura iracunda

  464. Bronze-tailed Thornbill  ______
    Chalcostigma heteropogon

  465. Bearded Helmetcrest  (*)  ______ AM
    Oxypogon guerinii lindenii 
    (the single member of its genus)

  466. Long-tailed Sylph  (*)  ______ AM CR
    Aglaiocercus kingi margarethae 
    (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)

  467. Venezuelan Sylph  (Ve)  ______
    Aglaiocercus berlepschi

  468. Wedge-billed Hummingbird  ______
    Schistes geoffroyi

  469. Long-billed Starthroat  ______
    Heliomaster longirostris

  470. Black-eared Fairy  (*)  ______ BC BE LL
    Heliothryx a. auritus

  471. Amethyst Woodstar  (*)  ______ BA BI
    Calliphlox amethystina 
    (monotypic)

  472. Gorgeted Woodstar  (*)  ______ AT
    Chaetocercus h. heliodor

  473. Rufous-shafted Woodstar  (*)  ______ CR
    Chaetocercus jourdanii 
    (3 subspecies in Venezuela)

  474. Crested Quetzal  ______
    Pharomachrus antisianus

  475. White-tipped Quetzal  (*)  ______ CR
    Pharomachrus f. fulgidus

  476. Golden-headed Quetzal  ______
    Pharomachrus auriceps

  477. Pavonine Quetzal  ______
    Pharomachrus pavoninus

  478. Black-tailed Trogon  ______
    Trogon melanurus

  479. Amazonian White-tailed Trogon  (*) (ph)   ______ BC
    Trogon v. viridis

  480. Collared Trogon  (*)  ______ BE BI CR
    Trogon collaris exoptatus

  481. Masked Trogon  (*)  ______ AM BA BE
    Trogon p, personatus 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  482. Black-throated Trogon  ______
    Trogon rufus

  483. Gartered Trogon  (ph)   ______  (was part of Violaceous Trogon)
    Trogon caligatus

  484. Violaceous Trogon  ______
    Trogon violaceus

  485. Ringed Kingfisher  (*) (ph)   ______ AM BA BE BI FS LL MB
    Megaceryle
    (formerly Ceryle) t. torquata

  486. Belted Kingfisher  (ph)   ______
    Megoceryle alcyon

  487. Amazon Kingfisher  (*)  ______ BA BE BI FS LL
    Chloroceryle a. amazona 
    (said by some to be monotypic)

  488. Green Kingfisher  (*) (ph)   ______ BE LL
    Chloroceryle a. americana

  489. Green-and-rufous Kingfisher  (*)  ______ LL
    Chloroceryle inda 
    (monotypic)

  490. American Pygmy Kingfisher  (*) (ph)   ______ LL MB
    Chloroceryle a. aenea

  491. Blue-crowned Motmot  (*) (ph)   ______ BC CR
    Motmotus motmotus osgoodi
    Motmotus m. momota 
    (south of the Orinoco River) 

  492. Pale-headed Jacamar  (*)  ______ BA
    Brachygalba goeringi

  493. Brown Jacamar  ______
    Brachygalba lugubris

  494. Yellow-billed Jacamar  ______
    Galbula albirostris

  495. Rufous-tailed Jacamar  (*) (ph)   ______ CA CR LL MB
    Galbula r. ruficauda

  496. Green-tailed Jacamar  (*)  ______ BC
    Galbula galbula 
    (monotypic)

  497. Bronzy Jacamar  ______
    Galbula leucogastra

  498. Paradise Jacamar  (*)  ______ BE
    Galbula d. dea

  499. Great Jacamar  ______
    Jacamerops aureus

  500. Swallow-winged Puffbird  (*)  ______ BC BE
    Chelidoptera t. tenebrosa 
    (the single member of its genus)

  501. White-necked Puffbird  ______
    Notharchus macrohynchos

  502. Brown-banded Puffbird  ______
    Notharchus ordii

  503. Pied Puffbird  ______
    Notharchus tectus

  504. Chestnut-capped Puffbird  ______
    Bucco macrodactylus

  505. Spotted Puffbird  ______
    Bucco tamatia

  506. Collared Puffbird  ______
    Bucco capensis 

  507. Russet-throated Puffbird  (*) (ph)  ______ BC MB
    Hypnelus (or Bucco) ruficollis bicinctus 
    (6 subspecies in Venezuela; 5 on the mainland & 1 on the offshore Margarita Island) (H. bicinctus in north & east VE are double-banded; H. ruficollis in the Maracaibo area is single-banded. These have been considered separate species.)  




    Russet-throated Puffbird
    (photo by Alan Brady during a FONT tour in Venezuela)

  508. White-chested Puffbird  ______
    Malacoptila fusca

  509. Moustached Puffbird  ______
    Malacoptila mystacalis

  510. Rusty-breasted Nunlet  ______
    Nonnula rubecula

  511. Black Nunbird  (*)  ______ BC BE
    Monasa atra 
    (monotypic)

  512. White-fronted Nunbird  ______
    Monasa morphoeus

  513. Black-spotted Barbet  ______
    Capito niger

  514. Gilded Barbet  ______
    Capito auratus

  515. Red-headed Barbet  (*)  ______ BA
    Eubucco b. bourcierii

  516. Groove-billed Toucanet  (*)  ______ CR
    Aulacorhynchus s. sulcatus

  517. Yellow-billed Toucanet  (*)  ______ BA  (has been part of Groove-billed Toucanet)
    Aulacorhynchus  calorhynchus

  518. Emerald Toucanet  (*) (ph)   ______ AM
    Aulacorhynchus prasinus albivitta

  519. Chestnut-tipped Toucanet  ______
    Aulacorhynchus derbianus

  520. Crimson-rumped Toucanet  ______
    Aulacorhynchus haematopygus

  521. Guianan Toucanet  ______
    Selenidera culik

  522. Tawny-tufted Toucanet  ______
    Selenidera nattereri

  523. Collared Aracari  (ph)   ______
    Pteroglossus torquatus

  524. Black-necked Aracari  (*)  ______ BC BE
    Pteroglossus aracari roraimae 

  525. Many-banded Aracari  ______
    Pteroglossus pluricinctus

  526. Ivory-billed Aracari  ______
    Pteroglossus azara 

  527. Green Aracari  (*)  ______ BE
    Pteroglossus v. viridis

  528. Black-billed Mountain Toucan  ______
    Andigena nigrirostris

  529. Keel-billed Toucan  (ph)   ______
    Ramphastos sulfuratus

  530. Citron-throated Toucan  ______
    Ramphastos citreolaemus   

  531. Channel-billed Toucan  (*) (ph)   ______ BC BE  
    Ramphastos vitellinus 
    (includes 2 subspecies that were formerly considered distinct species:
    Ramphastos vitellinus culminatus
    (the former Yellow-ridged Toucan)
    Ramphastos v. vitellinus   


  532. Black-mandibled Toucan  (*)  ______ AT  (has been considered by some as conspecific with the Chestnut-mandibled Toucan of Central Ameria & western Colombia.) 
    Ramphastos ambiguus abbreviatus

  533. White-throated Toucan  (*)  ______ BC BE
    Ramphastos tucanus  
    (includes 2 subspecies that were formerly considered distinct species:
    Ramphastos tucanus cuveri 
    (the former Cuvier's Toucan)
    Ramphastos t. tucanus
    (the former
    Red-billed Toucan)

  534. Spot-breasted Woodpecker  (*)  ______ AT LL
    Chrysoptilus punctigula punctipectus

  535. Crimson-mantled Woodpecker  (*)  ______ AM
    Piculus rivolii meridae 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)




    Crimson-mantled Woodpecker

  536. Golden-olive Woodpecker  (*) (ph)   ______ AM CR
    Piculus rubiginosus meridensis

  537. Yellow-throated Woodpecker  ______
    Piculus flavigula

  538. Golden-green Woodpecker  ______
    Piculus chrysochloros

  539. Chestnut Woodpecker  ______
    Celeus elegans

  540. Scale-breasted Woodpecker  ______
    Celeus grammicus

  541. Waved Woodpecker  ______
    Celeus undatus

  542. Cream-colored Woodpecker  ______
    Celeus flavus

  543. Ringed Woodpecker  ______
    Celeus torquatus  

  544. Lineated Woodpecker  (*)  ______ BC BI
    Dryocopus l. lineatus

  545. Yellow-tufted Woodpecker  (*)  ______ AT BC BE BI
    Melanerpes cruentatus 
    (monotypic)

  546. Red-crowned Woodpecker  (*)  ______ AM AT BA BI CA CR LL
    Melanerpes r. rubricapillus 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela; the other with a limited range in north VE, the Paraguana Peninsula) 

  547. Smoky-brown Woodpecker  (*)  ______ CR
    Veniliornis fumigatus reichenbachi

  548. Little Woodpecker  (*)  ______ AT
    Veniliornis passerinus modestus

  549. Red-rumped Woodpecker  (*)  ______ LL
    Veniliornis kirkii continentalis 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela; the other restricted to Mt. Roraima)

  550. Red-stained Woodpecker  ______
    Veniliornis affinis

  551. Golden-collared Woodpecker  (*)  ______ BE
    Veniliornis cassini 
    (monotypic)

  552. Yellow-vented Woodpecker  ______
    Veniliornis dignus

  553. Crimson-crested Woodpecker  (*) (ph)   ______ BA BC LL
    Campephilus melanoleucos malherbii

  554. Red-necked Woodpecker  (*)  ______ BE
    Campephilus r. rubricollis

  555. Powerful Woodpecker  ______
    Campephilus pollens

  556. Scaled Piculet  (*)  ______ AT BA CR
    Picumnus squamulatus roehli 
    (1 of 4 subspecies in Venezuela)

  557. White-bellied Piculet  ______
    Picumnus spilogaster

  558. Olivaceous Piculet  (*)  ______ AT CA
    Picumnus olivaceus tachirensis 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  559. Chestnut Piculet  ______
    Picumnus cinnamomeus

  560. Black-dotted Piculet  (Ve)  ______
    Picumnus nigropunctatus

  561. Golden-spangled Piculet  (*)  ______ BE
    Picumnus exilis undulatus 
    (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela) 

  562. Olive Manakin  (PS)  ______
    Chloropipo uniformis

  563. Golden-winged Manakin  ______
    Masius chrysopterus

  564. Western Striped Manakin  (*)   ______  BA
    Machaeropterus striolatus aureopectus

  565. Fiery-capped Manakin  ______
    Machaeropterus pyrocephalus

  566. Black Manakin  ______
    Xenopipo atronitens

  567. Lance-tailed Manakin  (*)  ______ CR
    Chiroxiphia lanceolata

  568. Blue-backed Manakin  ______
    Chiroxiphia pareola

  569. White-bearded Manakin  (*) (ph)   ______ BC
    Manacus manacus




    White-bearded Manakin

  570. White-throated Manakin  ______
    Corapipo guttualis

  571. White-ruffed Manakin  ______
    Corapipo leucorrhoa

  572. Wire-tailed Manakin  (*) (ph)  ______ BA LL
    Pipra f. filicauda




    Wire-tailed Manakin

  573. Crimson-hooded Manakin  ______
    Pipra aureola

  574. Scarlet-horned Manakin  (PS)  ______
    Pipra cornuta

  575. Golden-headed Manakin  (*)  ______ BC
    Pipra e. erythrocephala

  576. White-crowned Manakin  (*)  ______ BC
    Dixiphia
    (formerly Pipra) p. pipra

  577. Blue-crowned Manakin  ______
    Lepidothrix coronata

  578. Orange-bellied Manakin  (PS)  ______
    Lepidothrix suavissima

  579. Yellow-crested Manakin  ______ 
    Hewterocercus flavivertex

  580. Black-tailed Tityra  (*)  ______ BA BC CR
    Tityra c. cayana 

  581. Masked Tityra  (*)  ______ CR
    Tityra semifasciata columbiana

  582. Black-crowned Tityra  (*)  ______ BC BI CR
    Tityra inquisitor erythrogenys 

  583. Thrush-like Schiffornis  ______
    Schiffornis turdinus

  584. Varzea Schiffornis   ______
    Schiffornis major 


  585. White-naped Xenopsaris  ______
    Xenopsaris albinucha

  586. Green-backed Becard  ______
    Pachyramphus viridis

  587. Barred Becard  ______
    Pachyramphus versicolor

  588. Cinereous Becard  (*)  ______ AT
    Pachyramphus r. rufus

  589. Chestnut-crowned Becard  (*)  ______ CR
    Pachyramphus castaneus intermedius 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  590. Cinnamon Becard  ______
    Pachyramphus castaneus

  591. White-winged Becard  (*)  ______ BI
    Pachramphus polychopterus tristis

  592. Black-capped Becard  (*)  ______ BC
    Pachramphus marginatus nanus

  593. Black-and-white Becard  (*)  ______ BA CR
    Pachramphus a. albogriseus


  594. Pink-throated Becard  ______
    Platypsaris minor

  595. One-colored Becard  ______
    Platypsaris homochrous

  596. Red-crested Cotinga  ______
    Ampelion rubrocristatus

  597. Barred Fruiteater  ______
    Pipreola arcuata

  598. Green-and-black Fruiteater  ______
    Pipreola riefferii

  599. Golden-breasted Fruiteater  ______
    Pipreola aureopectus

  600. Handsome Fruiteater (Ve) (*) (ph)  ______ CR
    Pipreola f. formosa




    A Handsome Fruiteater photographed during a FONT tour.
    A brightly-colored bird in the recesses of a dark forest. 

  601. Red-banded Fruiteater  (PS)  ______
    Pipreola whitelyi

  602. Scaled Fruiteater  ______
    Ampelioides tschudii 

  603. Sharpbill  (*)  ______ BE
    Oxyruncus cristatus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  604. White-browed Purpletuft  ______
    Iodopleura isabellae

  605. Dusky Purpletuft  ______
    Isdopleura fusca

  606. Andean Laniisoma  ______  (has been called Shrike-like Cotinga and Elegant Mourner)
    Laniisoma buckleyi

  607. Purple-breasted Cotinga  (PS)  ______
    Cotinga cotinga

  608. Spangled Cotinga  (PS)  ______
    Cotinga cayana

  609. Pompadour Cotinga  (PS)  ______
    Xipholena punicea 

  610. White Bellbird  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Procnias a. albus

  611. Bearded Bellbird  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Procnias averano carnobarba 


  612. Screaming Piha  (*)  ______ BE BI
    Lipaugus vociferans 
    (monotypic)

  613. Rose-collared Piha  (PS)  ______
    Lipaugus streptophorus

  614. Cinnamon Mourner  ______
    Laniocera hypopyrra

  615. Purple-throated Fruitcrow  (*)  ______ BI
    Querula purpurata 
    (monotypiic, and the single member of its genus) 

  616. Red-ruffed Fruitcrow  (*)  ______ CR
    Pyroderus scutatus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  617. Bare-necked Fruitcrow  (*)  ______ BE
    Gymnoderus foetidus 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  618. Amazonian Umbrellabird  ______
    Cephalopterus ornatus 


  619. Black-necked Red Cotinga  ______
    Phoenicircus nigricollis

  620. Guianan Red Cotinga  ______
    Phoenicircus carifex

  621. Guianan Cock-of-the-Rock  (PS) (*)  ______ BC BE
    Rupicola rupicola 
    (monotypic)

  622. Andean Cock-of-the-Rock  (*) (ph) ______ BA
    Rupicola peruviana aequatorialis




    Andean Cock-of-the-Rock

  623. Capuchinbird  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Perissocephalus tricolor

  624. Wing-barred Piprites  (*)  ______ CR  (at one time called Wing-barred Manakin, but not a manakin)
    Piprites chloris chlorion

  625. Sreak-throated Bush-Tyrant  (*)  ______ AM
    Myiotheretes s. striaticollis

  626. Smoky Bush Tyrant  ______
    Myiotheretes fumigatus

  627. Drab Water Tyrant  ______
    Ochthornis littoralis

  628. Blackish Chat-Tyrant  ______
    Ochthoeca nigrita

  629. Slaty-backed Chat-Tyrant  ______
    Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris

  630. Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant  ______
    Ochthoeca rufipectoralis

  631. Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Ochthoeca fumicolor superciliosa

  632. Yellow-bellied Chat-Tyrant  (*)  ______ AM
    Ochthoeca diadema 
    (3 subspecies in Venezuela)

  633. Black Phoebe  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Sayornis nigricans angustirostris

  634. Rufous-tailed Tyrant  (*)  ______ AT
    Knipolegus poecilurus venezuelanus

  635. Riverside Tyrant  ______
    Knipolegus orenocensis

  636. Amazonian Black Tyrant  ______
    Knipolegus poecilocercus

  637. Pied Water Tyrant  (*)  ______ FS LL MB
    Fluvicola p. pica

  638. White-headed Marsh Tyrant  (*) (ph)   ______ BI LL
    Arundinicola leucocephala 
    (monotypic)

  639. Vermilion Flycatcher  (*) (ph)   ______ BI CC FS LL MB
    Pyrocephalus rubinus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  640. Yellow-browed Tyrant  (*)  ______ LL
    Satrapa icterophrys 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 

  641. Long-tailed Tyrant  (ph)  ______
    Colonia colonus




    Long-tailed Tyrant
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  642. Cattle Tyrant  (*) (ph)   ______ BI FS LL MB
    Machetornis rixosa 
    (the single member of its genus)

  643. Fork-tailed Flycatcher  (*) (ph)   ______ BC BE BI LL MB
    Tyrannus savana monachus

  644. Eastern Kingbird  (ph)   ______
    Tyrannus tyrannus

  645. Tropical Kingbird  (*) (ph)   ______ all regions
    Tyrannus m. melancholicus

  646. White-throated Kingbird  (ph)  ______
    Tyrannus albogularis




    White-throated Kingbird
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  647. Gray Kingbird  (*) (ph)   ______ CA FS LL
    Tyrannus d. dominicensis

  648. Crowned Slaty Flycatcher  ______
    Griseotyrannus aurantioatrocristatus

  649. Sulphury Flycatcher  ______
    Tyrannopsis sulphurea

  650. Variegated Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA
    Empidonomus varius rufinus

  651. Piratic Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA LL
    Legatus l. leucophaius 
    (the single member of its genus)

  652. Boat-billed Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA BC CC CR
    Megarhynchus p. pitangua 
    (the single member of its genus)

  653. Streaked Flycatcher  (*) (ph)   ______ BA BC BE BI CR LL MB
    Mylodynastes maculatus difficilis

  654. Golden-crowned Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA
    Myiodynastes chrysocephalus cinerascens

  655. Lemon-browed Flycatcher  ______
    Conopias cinchoneti

  656. Yellow-throated Flycatcher  ______
    Conopias parva

  657. Three-striped Flycatcher  ______
    Conopias trivirgata

  658. Rusty-margined Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA BC LL CR
    Myiozetetes cayanensis rufipennis

  659. Social Flycatcher  (*) (ph)   ______ all regions
    Myiozetetes similis columbianus




    Social Flycatcher
    (photo by Alan Brady)

  660. Gray-capped Flycatcher  ______
    Myiozetetes granadensis

  661. Dusky-chested Flycatcher  ______
    Myiozetetes luteiventris

  662. White-bearded Flycatcher (Ve) (*)  ______ LL
    Phelpsia inornata 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus; formerly in the genus Myiozetetes, then Conopias)

  663. Great Kiskadee  (*) (ph)   ______ all regions
    Pitangus sulphuratus 
    (2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  664. Lesser Kiskadee  (*)  ______ LL MB
    Pitangus
    (formerly Philohydor) l. lictor

  665. Bright-rumped Attila  (*) (ph)   ______ CR
    Attila spadiceus parvirostris

  666. Citron-bellied Attila  (*)  ______ BC
    Attila citriniventris

  667. Cinnamon Attila  ______
    Attila cinnamomeus

  668. Grayish Mourner  ______
    Rhytipterna simplex

  669. Pale-bellied Mourner  ______
    Rhytipterna immunda

  670. Eastern Sirystes  ______
    Sirystes sibilator 

  671. Short-crested Flycatcher  (*)  ______ CC
    Myiarchus ferox brunnescens

  672. Swainson's Flycatcher  _____
    Myiarchus swainsoni

  673. Venezuelan Flycatcher (Vqe) (*)  ______ FS
    Myiarchus venezuelensis

  674. Panama Flycatcher  ______
    Myiarchus panamensis

  675. Pale-edged Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA
    Myiarchus cephalotes caribbaeus

  676. Brown-crested Flycatcher  (*)  ______ AT LL
    Myiarchus tyrannulus

  677. Great Crested Flycatcher  (ph)   ______
    Myiarchus crinitus

  678. Dusky-capped Flycatcher  (*) (ph)   ______ BA BE
    Myiarchus tuberculifer

  679. Cinnamon Flycatcher  (*)  ______ AT CR
    Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea vieillotioides

  680. Flavescent Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA
    Myiophobus flavicans venezuelanus

  681. Roraiman Flycatcher  (PS)   ______
    Myiophobus roraimae

  682. Bran-colored Flycatcher  (*)  ______ CC CR
    Myiophobus fasiatus

  683. Dwarf Tyranneutes  ______  (has been called Dwarf Tyrant-Manakin)
    Tyranneutes stolzmanni

  684. Tiny Tyranneutes  ______  (has been called Tiny Tyrant-Manakin)
    Tyranneutes virescens

  685. Saffron-crested Neopelma  ______ (has been called Saffron-crested Tyrant-Manakin)
    Neopelma chrysocephalum

  686. Cliff Flycatcher  (*) (ph)  ______ BE
    Hirundinea f. ferruginea

  687. Tropical Pewee  (ph)   ______
    Contopus cinereus

  688. Eastern Wood Pewee  ______
    Contopus virens

  689. Western Wood Pewee  ______
    Contopus sordidulus 

  690. Smoke-colored Pewee  (*)  ______ AM BE CR
    Contopus fumigatus cineraceus 

  691. Olive-sided Flycatcher  (nt)  ______
    Contopus cooperi
    (formerly borealis)

  692. Alder Flycatcher  ______
    Empidonax alnorum

  693. Acadian Flycatcher  ______
    Empidonax virescens

  694. Euler's Flycatcher  ______
    Lathrotriccus euleri

  695. Fuscous Flycatcher  (*)  ______ AT CA
    Cnemotriccus fuscatus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  696. Whiskered Myiobius  ______  (has been called Whiskered Flycatcher; was part of the Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher, which is now west of Andes, not in Venezuela)
    Myiobius barbatus

  697. Black-tailed Myiobius  ______  (has been called Black-tailed Flycatcher)
    Myiobius atricaudus

  698. Tawny-breasted Myiobius  (*)  ______ AT  (has been called Tawny-breasted Flycatcher)
    Myiobius villosus schaeferi

  699. Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher  ______
    Terenotriccus erythrurus

  700. Cinnamon Neopipo  ______
    Neopipo cinnamomea

  701. Northern Royal Flycatcher  (ph)  ______
    Onychorhynchus mexicanus  




    Northern Royal Flycatcher

  702. Amazonian Royal Flycatcher  ______
    Onychorhynchus coronatus

  703. White-crested Spadebill  ______
    Platyrinchus platyrhynchos

  704. Yellow-throated Spadebill  ______
    Platyinchus flavigularis

  705. Cinnamon-crested Spadebill  ______
    Platyinchus saturatus

  706. White-throated Spadebill  (*)  ______ BI
    Platyrinchus mystaceus insularis

  707. Golden-crowned Spadebill  ______
    Platyinchus coronatus

  708. Yellow-olive Flatbill  (*)  ______ AT FS  (formerly called Yellow-olive Flycatcher)
    Tolmomyias sulphurescens exortivus

  709. Zimmer's Flatbill  ______  (formerly called Yellow-margined Flycatcher)
    Tolmomyias assimilis

  710. Gray-crowned Flatbill  ______
    Tolmomyias poliocephalus

  711. Ochre-lored Flatbill  (*)  ______ CC CR MB  (formerly called Yellow-breasted Flycatcher; birds south from south Peru are now considered a separate species, the Olive-faced Flatbill, Tolmomyias viridiceps)
    Tolmomyias flaviventris

  712. Bamboo Flatbill  ______  (has been called Large-billed Flatbill)
    Ramphotrogon megacephala

  713. Rufous-tailed Flatbill  ______
    Ramphotrogon ruficauda

  714. Olivaceous Flatbill  (*)  ______ BC CC MB
    Rhynchocyclus olivaceus  (2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  715. Common Tody-Flycatcher  (*)  ______ AM BA FS LL MB
    Todirostrum c. cinereum

  716. Spotted Tody-Flycatcher  ______
    Todirostrum maculatum

  717. Maracaibo Tody-Flycatcher  (nt) (Ve) (*)  ______ FS  (was once called the Short-tailed Tody-Flycatcher; and it was also once considered by some to be a subspecies of the Common Tody-Flycatcher. Regarding its tail, it is shorter than that of the Common Tody-Flycatcher, but no shorter than the tail of T. pictum, the Painted Tody-Flycatcher, which also occurs in Venezuela.)    
    Todirostrum viridanum

  718. Painted Tody-Flycatcher  ______
    Todirostrum pictum

  719. Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher  ______
    Todirostrum nigriceps

  720. Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher  (*) (ph)  ______ BA
    Poecilotriccus s. sylvia 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela) 




    Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  721. Rufous-crowned Tody-Flycatcher  ______
    Poecilotriccus ruficeps  

  722. Ruddy Tody-Flycatcher  (PS)  ______
    Poecilotriccus russatum

  723. Black-chested Tyrant  ______
    Taeniotriccus andrei 
    (has been placed in the genus Poecilotriccus

  724. Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant  ______
    Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer

  725. White-eyed Tody-Tyrant  ______
    Hemitriccus zosterops

  726. Snethlage's Tody-Tyrant  ______
    Hemitriccus minor

  727. Black-throated Tody-Tyrant  ______
    Hemitriccus granadensis

  728. Scale-crested Pygmy Tyrant  ______
    Lophotriccus pileatus

  729. Helmeted Pygmy Tyrant  ______
    Lophotriccus galeatus

  730. Pale-eyed Pygmy Tyrant  (*)  ______ CC CR LL
    Lophotriccus pilaris venezuelensis

  731. Tawny-crowned Pygmy Tyrant  ______
    Euscarthmus meloryphus

  732. Short-tailed Pygmy Tyrant  ______
    Myiornis ecaudatus

  733. Ringed Antpipit  ______
    Corythopis torquata

  734. Marble-faced Bristle Tyrant  (*)  ______ CR
    Pogonotriccus (or Phylloscartes) ophthalmicus purus

  735. Variegated Bristle Tyrant  (*)  ______ AM
    Pogonotriccus (or Phylloscartes) poecilotis pifanoi

  736. Chapman's Bristle Tyrant  (PS) (*)  ______ BC
    Pogonotriccus
    (or Phylloscartes) chapmani duidae  (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

     
  737. Venezuelan Bristle Tyrant (nt)  (Ve) (*)  ______ CR
    Pogonotriccus (or Phylloscartes) venezuelanus 
    (monotypic)

  738. Rufous-lored Tyrannulet  (Ve) (*)  ______ CR
    Phylloscartes flaviventris  (formerly in genus Pogonotriccus, and was called Yellow-bellied Bristle-Tyrant)

  739. Black-fronted Tyrannulet  (PS)  ______
    Phylloscartes nigrifrons

  740. Rufous-browed Tyrannulet  ______
    Phylloscartes superciliaris

  741. Crested Doradito  ______
    Pseudocolopteryx sclateri

  742. Bearded Tachuri  (nt)  ______
    Polystictus pectoralis

  743. Agile Tit-Tyrant  (*)  ______ AT
    Uromyias agilis 
    (monotypic)

  744. Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant  ______
    Stigmatura napensis


    The Lesser Wagtail Tyrant was first found in Venezuela in June 1996, when it was tape-recorded on a small Orinoco River island a few miles upriver from the Camturama Lodge, in Amazonas. Several specimens were taken there in May 1999.
    The bird is a specialist of young, regenerating, and bushy vegetation on river islands.

    More recently, in 2007, a wagtail-tyrant was found on a lower Orinoco River island in the Delta Amacuro - either a new, yet unnamed species, or representing a significant range extension of the Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant. The bird was photographed.   
    (See also notes below with the Rio Orinoco Spinetail and the "Delta Amacuro Softail").     

  745. Yellow Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ LL
    Capsiempis flaveola cerulus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  746. Torrent Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Serpophaga c. cinera

  747. River Tyrannulet  ______
    Serpophaga hypoleuca

  748. Pale-tipped Inezia  (*)  ______ BA  (has been called Pale-tipped Tyrannulet; at that time with a wider range, that species included the current Amazonian Inezia)
    Inezia caudata

      
  749. Amazonian Inezia  ______
    Inezia subflava

  750. Slender-billed Inezia  (*)  ______ FS  (has been called Slender-billed Tyrannulet) (restricted to N Colombia & NW Venezuela)
    Inezia tenuirostris 
    (monotypic) 

  751. White-banded Tyrannulet  ______
    Mecocerculus stictopterus

  752. White-throated Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ AM AT CR
    Mecocerculus leucophrys palliditergum

  753. Yellow-bellied Elaenia  (*) (ph)   ______ AM AT BA BC CC FS LL MB
    Elaenia flavogaster

  754. Lesser Elaenia  ______
    Elaenia chiriquensis

  755. Sierran Elaenia  ______
    Elaenia pallatangae

  756. Small-billed Elaenia  (*)  ______ BC LL
    Elaenia parvirostris 
    (monotypic)

  757. Plain-crested Elaenia  (*)  ______ BE
    Elaenia c. cristata

  758. Mountain Elaenia  (*)  ______ AM AT CR
    Elaenia frantzii

  759. Rufous-crowned Elaenia  ______
    Elaenia ruficeps

  760. Slaty Elaenia  ______
    Elaenia strepera

  761. Great Elaenia (Ve) (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Elaenia d. dayi

  762. Gray Elaenia  ______
    Myiopagis caniceps

  763. Forest Elaenia  ______
    Myiopagis gaimardii

  764. Yellow-crowned Elaenia  ______
    Myiopagis flavivertex

  765. Greenish Elaenia  ______
    Myiopagis viridicata

  766. Northern Scrub Flycatcher  (*)  ______ FS
    Sublegatus arenarum glaber

  767. Amazonian Scrub Flycatcher  ______
    Sublegatus obscurior

  768. Mouse-colored Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ CR LL 
    Phaeomylas murina

  769. Southern Beardless Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ BC CA CC FS LL
    Camptostoma obsoletum

  770. Brown-capped Tyrannulet  ______
    Ornithion brunneicapillum

  771. White-lored Tyrannulet  ______
    Ornithion inerme

  772. White-fronted Tyrannulet  ______
    Phyllomyias zeledoni

  773. Sooty-headed Tyrannulet  ______
    Phyllomyias griseiceps

  774. Ulrich's Tyrannulet  (t2)  ______
    Phyllomyias urichi

  775. Black-capped Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ AT
    Phyllomyias nigrocapillus aureus

  776. Tawny-rumped Tyrannulet  ______
    Phyllomyias uropygialis

  777. Venezuelan Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ AT BI CR  (formerly part of an expanded Paltry Tyrannulet; that species now restricted to Central America)
    Zimmerius improbus

  778. Golden-faced Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ BA
    Zimmerius chrysops cumanensis

  779. Slender-footed Tyrannulet  ______
    Zimmerius gracilipes

  780. Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet  (*)  ______ CC
    Tyrannulus e. elatus 

  781. Rufous-breasted Flycatcher  ______
    Leptopogon rufipectus 

  782. Sepia-capped Flycatcher  (ph)   ______
    Leptopogon amaurocephalus 


     

    Sepia-capped Flycatcher
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  783. Slaty-capped Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BA
    Leptopogon superciliaris venezuelensis

  784. Olive-striped Flycatcher  (*)  ______  BA
    Mionectes olivaceus venezuelanus

  785. Ochre-bellied Flycatcher  (*)  ______ CR MB
    Mionectes oleagineus chloronotus

  786. McConnell's Flycatcher  (*)  ______ BE
    Mionectes macconnelli mercedesfosterae 

  787. Fasciated Antshrike  ______
    Cymbilaimus lineatus

  788. Black-throated Antshrike  ______
    Frederickena viridis

  789. Great Antshrike  (ph)  ______
    Taraba major

  790. Black-crested Antshrike  (*)  ______ CC FS
    Sakesphorus canadensis intermedius

  791. Black-backed Antshrike  ______
    Sakesphorus melanonotus

  792. Barred Antshrike  (*) (ph)   ______ AM CA CR LL
    Thamnophilus doliatus fraterculus




    Barred Antshrike
    (photo by Alan Brady)

  793. Bar-crested Antshrike  ______
    Thamnophilus multistriatus

  794. Blackish-gray Antshrike  ______
    Thamnophilus nigrocinereus

  795. White-shouldered Antshrike  ______
    Thamnophilus aethiops

  796. Mouse-colored Antshrike  (*)  ______ BC
    Thamnophilus m.murinus

  797. Western Slaty Antshrike  ______
    Thamnophilus atrinucha

  798. Guianan Slaty Antshrike  (*)  ______ BC
    Thamnophilus p. punctatus

  799. Amazonian Antshrike  ______
    Thamnophilus amazonicus

  800. Streak-backed Antshrike  (Ve) (PS)  ______
    Thamnophilus insignis 

  801. Pearly Antshrike  ______
    Megastictus margaritatus

  802. Spot-winged Antshrike  ______
    Pygiptila stellaris

  803. Russet Antshrike  ______
    Thamnistes anabatinus 

  804. Plain Antvireo  (*)  ______ BA CC CR 
    Dysithamnus mentalis cumbreanus

  805. Venezuelan Antvireo  (Ve)  ______  (has been erroneously put in the genus Thamnomanes, and was then called Plumbeous Antshrike
    Dysithamnus tucuyensis

  806. Dusky-throated Antshrike  ______
    Thamnomanes ardesiacus

  807. Cinereous Antshrike ______
    Thamnomanes caesius

  808. Pygmy Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula brachyura

  809. Yellow-throated Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula ambigua

  810. Guianan Streaked Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula surinamensis

  811. Amazonian Streaked Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula multostriata

  812. Cherrie's Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula cherriei

  813. Rufous-bellied Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula guttata

  814. Brown-bellied Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula gutturalis 

  815. Stipple-throated Antwren  (*)  ______ BC
    Myrmotherula haematonota pyrrhonota

  816. White-flanked Antwren  (*)  ______ CR
    Myrmotherula a. axillaris

  817. Slaty Antwren  (*)  ______ CR
    Myrmotherula schisticolor sanctaemartae

  818. Long-winged Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula longipennis

  819. Plain-winged Antwren  ______
    Myrmotherula behni

  820. Gray Antwren  _____
    Myrmotherula menetriesii

  821. Spot-tailed Antwren  ______
    Herpsilochmus sticturus

  822. Todd's Antwren  ______
    Herpsilochmus stictocephalus

  823. Spot-backed Antwren  ______
    Herpsilochmus dorsimaculatus

  824. Roraiman Antwren  (PS)  ______
    Herpsilochmus roraimae

  825. Rufous-winged Antwren  ______
    Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus

  826. Northern White-fringed Antwren  (*)  ______ BI CA CC FS  (formerly conspecific with what's now the Southern White-fringed Antwren that's mostly in Brazil) 
    Formicivora (grisea) intermedia

  827. Southern White-fringed Antwren  ______
    Formicivora grisea

  828. Long-tailed Antbird  ______
    Drymophila caudata

  829. Ash-winged Antwren  ______
    Terenura spodioptila

  830. Gray Antbird  ______
    Cercomacra cinerascens

  831. Dusky Antbird  (*)  ______ MB
    Cercomacra t. tyrannina

  832. Jet Antbird  ______
    Cercomacra nigricans

  833. White-browed Antbird  ______
    Myrmoborus leucophrys

  834. Black-faced Antbird  ______
    Myrmoborus myotherinus

  835. Warbling Antbird  (*)  ______ BE
    Hypocnemis cantator flavescens 

  836. Black-chinned Antbird  ______
    Hypocnemoides melanopogon

  837. Spot-backed Antbird  ______
    Hylophylax naevia

  838. Dot-backed Antbird  ______
    Hylophylax punctulata

  839. Scale-backed Antbird  ______
    Hylophylax poecilinota

  840. Banded Antbird  ______
    Dichrozona cincta

  841. Spot-winged Antibird  ______
    Schistocichla leucostigma

  842. Caura Antbird  (ph)  ______
    Schistocichla caurensis




    Caura Antbird

  843. Silvered Antbird  ______
    Sclateria naevia

  844. Black-headed Antbird  ______
    Percnostola rufifrons

  845. Yapacana Antbird  ______  (a habitat specialist in seasonally saturated white sandy soil "shrubby campina") 
    Myrmeciza disjuncta 
    (this species may not be in this genus)

  846. White-bellied Antbird  ______
    Myrmeciza longipes

  847. Ferruginous-backed Antbird  ______
    Myrmeciza ferruginea

  848. Black-throated Antbird  ______
    Myrmeciza atrothorax

  849. Gray-bellied Antbird  ______
    Myrmeciza pelzelni

  850. Immaculate Antbird  ______
    Myrmeciza immaculata

  851. Dull-mantled Antbird  ______
    Myrmeciza laemosticta

  852. White-plumed Antbird  ______
    Pithys albifrons

  853. Rufous-throated Antbird  ______
    Gymnopithys rufigula

  854. Reddish-winged Bare-eye  ______
    Phlegopsis erythroptera

  855. Wing-banded Antbird  ______
    Myrmornis torquata

  856. Unicolored Tapaculo  ______
    Scytalopus unicolor

  857. Northern White-crowned Tapaculo  ______
    Scytalopus atratus

  858. Merida Tapaculo  (*)  ______ AT BA  (was part of Brown-rumped Tapaculo which was split into 4 species from Venezuela south to Ecuador; in Venezuela, the former Brown-rumped Tapaculo, Scytalopus latebricola, is now 2 species: this, in the Andes, & the Caracas Tapaculo, in the Northern Coastal Range)
    Scytalopus meridanus 


  859. Caracas Tapaculo  (Ve)  ______
    Scytalopus caracae

  860. Rufous-rumped Tapaculo  ______
    Scytalopus griseicollis

  861. Ocellated Tapaculo  (*)  ______ AT
    Acropternis o. orthonyx 

  862. Rufous-capped Antthrush  ______
    Formicarius colma

  863. Black-faced Antthrush  (*)  ______ CR
    Formicarius analis saturatus

  864. Rufous-breasted Amtthrush  ______
    Formicarius rufipectus

  865. Schwartz's Antthrush  ______
    Chamaeza turdina

  866. Short-tailed Antthrush  ______
    Chamaeza campanisona

  867. Great Antpitta  (t3)  ______
    Grallaria excelsa

  868. Undulated Antpitta  ______
    Grallaria squamigera

  869. Variegated Antpitta  ______
    Grallaria varia

  870. Scaled Antpitta  ______
    Grallaria guatimalensis 

  871. Plain-backed Antpitta  (*)  ______ BA CR
    Grallaria h. haplonota

  872. Chestnut-crowned Antpitta  (*)  ______ AM CR
    Grallaria ruficapilla avilae

  873. Rufous Antpitta  ______
    Grallaria rufula

  874. Spotted Antpitta  ______
    Hylopezus macularius

  875. Thrush-like Antpitta  _____
    Myrmothera campanisona 

  876. Tepui Antpitta  (PS)  ______
    Myrmothera simplex

  877. Rusty-breasted Antpitta  ______
    Grallaricula ferrugineipectus 

  878. Slate-crowned Antpitta  ______
    Grallaricula nana

  879. Scallop-breasted Antpitta  (nt) (Ve)  ______
    Grallaricula loricata

  880. Hooded Antpitta  (t3)  ______
    Grallaricula cucullata

  881. Gray-naped Antpitta  (*)  ______ AT
    Grallaria g. griseonucha 

  882. Caribbean (formerly part of Pale-legged) Hornero (Ve) (*)  ______ BI FS MB
    Furnarius l. longirostris

  883. Bar-winged Cinclodes  (*)  ______ AM
    Cinclodes fuscus heterurus

  884. Andean Tit-Spinetail  (*)  ______ AM
    Leptasthenura andicola certhia

  885. Azara's Spinetail  (*)  ______ AT
    Synallaxis azarae elegantior

  886. McConnell's Spinetail  (PS)  ______
    Synallaxis macconnelli

  887. Pale-breasted Spinetail  (*)  ______ AM BC CA FS
    Synallaxis albescens trinitatus 
    (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela)

  888. Plain-crowned Spinetail  ______
    Synallaxis gujanensis

  889. Stripe-breasted Spinetail  (*)  ______ CR
    Synallaxis cinnamomea bolivari

  890. Rufous Spinetail  ______
    Synallaxis unirufa

  891. Black-throated Spinetail (Ve) (*)  ______ CR  (formerly conspecific with Rufous Spinetail of the Andes)
    Synallaxis castanea 
    (monotypic)

  892. Ruddy Spinetail  ______
    Synallaxis rutilans

  893. Rio Orinoco Spinetail  ______
    Synallaxis beverlyae

    The Rio Orinoco Spinetail is a newly-described species (Hilty & Ascanio, 2009), found in river island scrub in the lower and middle part of the main channel of the Orinoco River in Venezuela and adjacent Colombia.
    The species had been overlooked until recently because the Orinoco River island where it occurs were not adequately examined during earlier ornithological expeditions. 
    In appearance, the species is similar to the widespread Pale-breasted Spinetail, but it voice is more like that of the Dark-breasted, Cinereous-breasted, and Spix's Spinetails.
    The Rio Orinoco Spinetail seems to be restricted to scrubby river island vegetation and adjacent river edges that are subject to seasonal inundation. It is presently known from only two well-separated areas, but it may be found to occur on appropriate intervening islands.    

    Either 1 or 2 other new birds species have recently been discovered on islands of the lower Orinoco River: the "Delat Amacuro Softtail" and a so-far unnamed wagtail-tyrant (a flycatcher). The wagtail-tyrant may be a significant range extension of the Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant.      

  894. White-browed Spinetail  ______
    Hellmayrea gularis   

  895. Yellow-chinned (or Yellow-throated) Spinetail  (*)  ______ AM BI LL MB
    Certhiaxis cinnamomea orenocensis

  896. White-whiskered Spinetail  (*)  ______ FS
    Synallaxis candei vanezuelensis

  897. Crested Spinetail  (*)  ______ CR
    Cranioleuca s. subcristata

  898. Tepui Spinetail  (PS)  ______
    Cranioleuca demissa

  899. Rusty-backed Spinetail  ______
    Cranioleuca vulpina

  900. Speckled Spinetail  ______
    Cranioleuca gutturata   

  901. Ochre-browed Thistletail (Ve) (*)  ______ AM AT
    Schizoeaca coryi 
    (monotypic)

  902. White-chinned Thistletail  ______
    Schizoeaca fuliginosa

  903. Perija Thistletail  (t3)  ______
    Schizoeaca perijana

  904. Streak-backed Canastero  (*)  ______ AM
    Asthenes wyatti mucuchiesi

  905. Orinoco Softtail  (t3) (Ve) ______
    Thripophaga cherriei

  906. "Delta Amacuro Softtail"  ______
    Thripophaga sp.

    The "Delta Amacuro Softatil" has only recently been discovered, and is as of yet (in late 2009), not described. It is soon to be. The bird appears to be restricted to river islands of the Lower Orinoco River. It has been documented with a photograph.    

  907. Plain (or Rufous-fronted) Thornbird  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Phacellodomus rufifrons

  908. Pearled Treerunner  (*)  ______ BA
    Margarornis squamiger perlatus

  909. Roraiman Barbtail  (PS)  ______
    Roraimia adusta

  910. Spotted Barbtail  ______
    Premnoplex brunnescens

  911. White-throated Barbtail  (t3) (Ve)  ______
    Premnoplex tatei

  912. Rusty-winged Barbtail  ______
    Premnornis guttuligera  

  913. Streaked Tuftedcheek  (*)  ______ CR
    Pseudocolaptes boissoneautii striaticeps

  914. Point-tailed Palmcreeper  ______
    Berlepschia rikeri

  915. Lineated Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Syndactyla subalaris

  916. Guttulated Foliage-gleaner  (*)  ______ CR
    Syndactyla g. guttulata


  917. Montane Foliage-gleaner  (*)  ______ BA CR
    Anabacerthia striaticollis venezuelana

  918. Eastern Striped Woodhaunter  ______
    Hyloctistes subulatus

  919. Chestnut-winged Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Philydor erythropterus

  920. Cinnamon-rumped Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Philydor pyrrodes

  921. Rufous-tailed Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Philydor ruficaudatus

  922. Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner  (*)  ______ CR
    Philydor rufum columbianus

  923. Tepui Foliage-gleaner  (PS)  ______ 
    Automolus roraimae

  924. Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Automolus infuscatus

  925. Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Automolus ochrolaemus

  926. Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Automolus rufipileatus

  927. Ruddy Foliage-gleaner  ______
    Automolus rubiginosus

  928. Flammulated Treehunter  ______
    Thripadectes flammulatus 

  929. Striped Treehunter  ______
    Thripadectes virgaticeps

  930. Steak-capped Treehunter  ______
    Thripadectes virgaticeps

  931. Streaked Xenops  (*)  ______ AT
    Xenops rutilans heterurus

  932. Slender-billed Xenops  ______
    Xenops tenuirostris

  933. Plain Xenops  (*)  ______ AM BA BC CR
    Xenops
    minutus ruficaudus 

  934. Rufous-tailed Xenops  ______
    Xenops milleri

  935. Tawny-throated Leaftosser  ______
    Sclerurus mexicanus

  936. Gray-throated Leaftosser  ______
    Sclerurus albigularis

  937. Short-billed Leaftosser  ______
    Sclerurus rufigularis

  938. Black-tailed Leaftosser  ______
    Sclerurus caudacutus

  939. Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper  ______
    Lochmias nematura

  940. Tyrannine Woodcreeper (Vr) (*)  ______ AT
    Dendrocincla tyrannina

  941. Plain-brown Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ BA CR
    Dendrocincla fulginosa phaeochroa

  942. White-chinned Woodcreeper  ______
    Dendrocincla merula

  943. Ruddy Woodcreeper  ______
    Dendrocincla homochroa

  944. Long-tailed Woodcreeper  ______
    Deconychura longicauda

  945. Spot-throated Woodcreeper  ______
    Deconychura stictolaema

  946. Olivaceous Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ AT BC BE CA CR
    Sittasomus griseicapillus griseus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  947. Wedge-billed Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ BA
    Glyphorhyncus s. spirurus 
    (the single member of its genus) 

  948. Long-billed Woodcreeper  ______
    Nascia longirostris

  949. Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper  ______
    Dendrexetastes rufigula  

  950. Strong-billed Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ BC CR
    Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus procerus

  951. Northern Barred Woodcreeper  ______
    Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae

  952. Amazonian Barred Woodcreeper  ______
    Dendrocolaptes certhia

  953. Black-banded Woodcreeper  ______
    Dendrocolaptes picumnus

  954. Straight-billed Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ AM CR FS LL
    Xiphorhynchus picus 
    (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
    Xiphorhynchus picus phalara 
    (north VE)

  955. Striped Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ BC
    Xiphorhynchus obsoletus notatus

  956. Ocellated Woodcreeper  ______
    Xiphorhynchus ocellatus

  957. Chestnut-rumped Woodcreeper  ______
    Xiphorhynchus pardalotus

  958. Buff-throated Woodcreeper  ______
    Xiphorhynchus guttatus

  959. Cocoa (formerly part of Buff-throated) Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ CA CR LL MB
    Xiphorhynchus susurrans

  960. Olive-backed Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ CR
    Xiphorhynchus triangularis hylodromus

  961. Montane (formerly part of Spot-crowned) Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ AT CR
    Lepidocolaptes l. lacrymiger

  962. Streak-headed Woodcreeper  (*)  ______ BA
    Lepidocolaptes souleyetii littoralis

  963. Lineated Woodcreeper  ______
    Lepidocolaptes albolineatus 

  964. Red-billed Scythebill  (*) (ph)  ______ CR
    Campylorhamphus trochilirostris venezuelensis




    Red-billed Scythebill

  965. Curve-billed Scythebill  ______
    Campylorhamphus procurvoides

  966. Brown-billed Scythebill  ______
    Campylorhamphus pusillus


  967. Rufous-browed Peppershrike  (*)  ______ AM AT BA CR
    Cyclarhis gujanensis

  968. Yellow-browed Shrike-Vireo  ______
    Vireolanius eximius

  969. Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo  ______
    Vireolanius leucotis

  970. Red-eyed Vireo  (*)  ______ AT BA BC 
    Vireo olivaceous

  971. Yellow-green Vireo  ______
    Vireo flavoviridis

  972. Black-whiskered Vireo  ______
    Vireo altiloquus

  973. Brown-capped Vireo  (*)  ______ AM AT CR
    Vireo leucophrys

  974. Yellow-throated Vireo  ______
    Vireo flavifrons

  975. Tepui Greenlet  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Hylophilus sclateri

  976. Buff-cheeked Greenlet  (*)  ______ BE
    Hylophilus muscicapinus

  977. Rufous-naped Greenlet  (*)  ______ AT CR
    Hylophilus semibrunneus

  978. Golden-fronted Greenlet  (*)  ______ AM CR
    Hylophilus aurantiifrons saturatus

  979. Scrub Greenlet  (*)  ______ CA FS
    Hylophilus flavipes

  980. Gray-chested Greenlet  ______
    Hylophilus semicinereus

  981. Lemon-chested Greenlet  ______
    Hylophilus thoracicus

  982. Brown-headed Greenlet  ______
    Hylophilus brunneiceps

  983. Tawny-crowned Greenlet  ______
    Hylophilus ochraceiceps

  984. Violaceous Jay  (*)  ______ BC
    Cyanocorax violaceus pallidus

  985. Black-collared Jay  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Cyanolyca armillata 
    (2 subspecies in west Venezuela)

  986. Cayenne Jay  (*)  ______ BE
    Cyanocorax cayanus

  987. Black-chested Jay  (*)  ______ MB
    Cyanocorax a. affinis

  988. Azure-naped Jay  ______
    Cyanocorax heilprini

  989. Black-chested Jay  ______
    Cyanocorax affinis

  990. Inca Jay  (*)  ______ AM AT BA CR  (formerly part of an expanded Green Jay; that species now restricted to Central America & south Texas)
    Cyanocorax yncas 
    (2 subspecies in Venezuela) 
    Cyanocorax yncas andicolus
    (replaces C. y. cyanodorsalis)
    Cyanocorax yncas guatimalensis

  991. Brown-chested Martin  (*) (ph)   ______ MB
    Progne
    (formerly Phaeoprogne) tapera  (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
    Progne t. tapera 
    (resident in VE)
    Progne tapera fusca 
    (in VE, a migrant from the south)


  992. Gray-breasted Martin  (*)  ______ AM AT BC BE BI CC CR FS LL MB
    Progne c. chalybea 

  993. Purple Martin  (ph)   ______
    Progne subis

  994. Caribbean Martin  ______  (does not breed in Venezuela, but does so as closely as in Tobago; breeds in Tobago Apr-Jul)
    Progne dominicensis

  995. White-winged Swallow  (*)  ______ BE BI FS LL MB
    Tachycineta albiventer 
    (monotypic)

  996. Tree Swallow  (ph)   ______
    Tachycineta bicolor

  997. Brown-bellied Swallow  (*)  ______ AM AT BE
    Notiochelidon murina meridensis

  998. Blue-and-white Swallow  (*)  ______ AM AT BI CA CR
    Notiochelidon c. cyanoleuca 
     

  999. Pale-footed Swallow  ______
    Notiochelidon flavipes

  1000. White-banded Swallow  ______
    Atticora fasciata

  1001. Black-collared Swallow  ______
    Atticora melanoleuca

  1002. White-thighed Swallow  ______
    Neochelidon tibialis

  1003. Southern Rough-winged Swallow  (*)  ______ AM BC BI CR LL
    Stelgidopteryx ruficollis aequalis

  1004. Tawny-headed Swallow  ______
    Alopochelidon fucata

  1005. Bank Swallow  _____  (also known as the Sand Martin)
    Riparia riparia

  1006. Barn Swallow  (*) (ph)   ______ FS LL MB
    Hirundo rustica erythrogaster

  1007. American Cliff Swallow  ______
    Petrochelidon pyrrhonota

  1008. White-capped Dipper  (*)  ______ AM
    Cinclus leucocephalus leuconotus 

  1009. Bicolored Wren  (*)  ______ LL MB
    Campylorhynchus griseus minor

  1010. Stripe-backed Wren  (*)  ______ BA LL
    Campylorhynchus n. nuchalis

  1011. Rufous Wren  ______
    Cinnycerthia unirufa

  1012. Whiskered Wren  (*)  ______ BA CR  (was part of the more-southerly Moustached Wren)
    Thryothorus mystacalis

  1013. Rufous-and-white Wren  (*)  ______ CR
    Thryothorus rufalbus

  1014. Rufous-breasted Wren  (*)  ______ BA
    Thryothorus rutilus

  1015. Buff-breasted Wren  (*)  ______ BC LL MB
    Thryothorus leucotis venezuelensis

  1016. Coraya Wren  ______
    Thryothorus coraya

  1017. (Southern) House Wren  (*) (ph)   ______ AM AT BA CA CR FS LL MB
    Troglodytes aedon albicans

  1018. Mountain Wren  (*)  ______ AT
    Troglodytes solstitialis

  1019. Tepui Wren  ______
    Troglodytes rufulus

  1020. Merida Wren (Ve) (*)  ______ AM  (has also been called Paramo Wren)
    Cistothorus meridae

  1021. Grass Wren  (ph)   ______  (also known as Sedge Wren)
    Cistothorus platensis

  1022. White-breasted Wood Wren  (*)  ______ BA
    Henicorhina leucosticta

  1023. Gray-breasted Wood Wren  (*)  ______ AM AT BA CR
    Henicorhina leucophrys

  1024. Musician Wren  ______
    Cyphorhinus arada

  1025. Scaly-breasted Wren  (*)  ______ AT BA CR  (has also been called Southern Nightingale Wren)
    Microcerculus marginatus

  1026. Wing-banded Wren  ______
    Microcerculus bambla

  1027. Flutist Wren  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Microcerculus ustulatus duidae

  1028. Black-capped Donacobius  (ph)  ______
    Donacobius atricapillus

  1029. Tropical Mockingbird  (*) (ph)   ______ AM BI CA CC FS LL MB
    Mimus gilvus

  1030. Andean Solitaire  (*)  ______ AT
    Myadestes ralloides venezuelensis

  1031. Rufous-brown Solitaire  ______
    Cichlopsis leucogenys

  1032. Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush  (*)  ______ BA
    Catharus f. fuscater

  1033. Spotted Nightingale-Thrush  ______
    Catharus dryas

  1034. Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush  ______
    Catharus aurantiirostris

  1035. Gray-cheeked Thrush  ______
    Catharus minimus

  1036. Swainson's Thrush  ______
    Catharus ustulatus

  1037. Veery  ______
    Catharus fuscescens

  1038. Yellow-legged Thrush  (*)  ______ AT BA CR
    Platycichla flavipes venezuelensis

  1039. Pale-eyed Thrush  (*)  ______ BA
    Platycichla leucops 
    (monotypic) 

  1040. Great Thrush  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Turdus fuscater gigas

  1041. Glossy-black Thrush  (*)  ______ AM BA CR
    Turdus serranus atrosericeus

  1042. Black-hooded Thrush  (PS) (*)  ______ CR
    Turdus o. olivater 
    (on northern coastal range)
    Turdus olivater roraimae 
    (PS)  (in southeast Bolivar, on Sierra de Lema & cerros of Gran Sabana)


  1043. Chestnut-bellied Thrush  (*)  ______ AM
    Turdus fulviventris

  1044. Pale-breasted Thrush  (*)  ______ CR
    Turdus leucomelas

  1045. Black-billed Thrush  (*)  ______ BA BE
    Turdus ignobilis

  1046. Cocoa Thrush  (*)  ______ AT BA CA
    Turdus fumigatus

  1047. Lawrence's Thrush  ______
    Turdus lawrencii

  1048. American Bare-eyed Thrush  (*)  ______ AM AT CA CC LL
    Turdus n. nudigenis

  1049. White-necked Thrush  (*) ______ BE CR
    Turdus albicollis phaeopygoides 

  1050. Long-billed Gnatwren  (*)  ______ BC CA
    Ramphocaenus melanurus

  1051. Tropical Gnatcatcher  (*)  ______ BC FS LL MB
    Polioptila plumbea innotata

  1052. Guianan Gnatacatcher  ______
    Polioptila guianensis

  1053. Yellowish Pipit  (*)  ______ LL
    Anthus lutescens

  1054. Paramo Pipit  (*)  ______ AM
    Anthus bogotensis meridae 

  1055. Blue-naped Chlorophonia  (*) (ph)  ______ BA CR
    Chlorophonia cyanea longipennis

  1056. Chestnut-breasted Chlorophonia  (*)  ______ AM
    Chlorophonia pyrrhophrys

  1057. Golden-rumped Euphonia  (*)  ______  AT BA CR
    Euphonia cyanocephala intermedia

  1058. Orange-bellied Euphonia  (*)  ______ CR
    Euphonia xanthogaster




    An Orange-bellied Euphonia photographed during a FONT tour in Venezuela.
    This subspecies, Euphonia xanthogaster exsul, is in the Coastal Range 
    in the northern part of the country. 

  1059. Rufous-bellied Euphonia  ______
    Euphonia rufiventris

  1060. White-vented Euphonia  ______
    Euphonia minuta

  1061. Trinidad Euphonia  (*)  ______ BA CA 
    Euphonia trinitatus 
    (monotypic)

  1062. Purple-throated Euphonia  (*)  ______ BE
    Euphonia chlorotica cynophora

  1063. Thick-billed Euphonia  (*)  ______ AT BA
    Euphonia laniirostris crassirostris

  1064. Violaceous Euphonia  (*)  ______ BC
    Euphonia violaceea rodwayi

  1065. Golden-sided Euphonia  ______
    Euphonia cayennensis

  1066. Plumbeous Euphonia  ______
    Euphonia plumbea

  1067. White-lored Euphonia  ______
    Euphonia chrysopasta

  1068. Hooded Siskin  ______
    Carduelis magellanica

  1069. Red Siskin  (t2)  ______
    Carduelis cucullata


    The Red Siskin, or the "Cardenalito" as it's called in Venezuela, is a rare and endangered species. The bird has been known to occur locally in northern Venezuela and in northern Colombia.
    It was very good news for the species when, in 2003, a population of several thousand birds was discovered in southern Guyana, about a thousand kilometers from any previously known population. Otherwise, the global population of the species in the wild has been estimated to be from 600 to 6,000 pairs.
    In the early 20th Century, the Red Siskin was common in the foothills of northern Venezuela, but later in the 1900s it became extremely rare there in a fragmented range.
    The preferred habitats of the Red Siskin are open country, forest edges, and grasslands with trees or shrubs. 
    Red Siskins are highly gregarious. When they were more numerous, they formed semi-nomadic flocks.
    The main reason for the decline of the Red Siskin has been massive illegal trapping for the cage bird trade. Being an attractive finch with a pleasant song is against it, and its unique coloration for a small finch that has enabled it to be used for interbreeding with domesticated Canaries to produce varieties with red in the plumage.
    Adult Red Siskins are illustrated in the plates in the "Birds of Venezuela, Second Edition" by Steven Hilty. Immatures are not. Immature females are paler than adult females, and immature males are brown rather than red. 

  1070. Andean Siskin  (*)  ______ AM BA
    Carduelis s. spinescens

  1071. Yellow-bellied Siskin  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Carduelis x. xanthogastra

  1072. Yellow-faced Siskin  (t3)  ______  (birds in Venezuela seem to be escaped cage-birds, from most-likely Brazil)
    Carduelis yarrellii 

  1073. Lesser Goldfinch  (*)  ______ AT BA CA CR FS
    Carduelis psaltria columbiana 

  1074. Black-and-white Warbler  (*)  ______ AM
    Mniotilta varia 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  1075. Prothonotary Warbler  (*) (ph)  ______ MB
    Protonotaria citrea 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  1076. Golden-winged Warbler  (*)  ______ AM
    Vermivora chrysoptera

  1077. Tennessee Warbler  (ph)  ______
    Vermivora  peregrina

  1078. Northern Parula  (*) (ph)  ______ AT
    Parula americana

  1079. Tropical Parula  (*) ______ BA BE CR FS
    Parula pitiayumi

  1080. Yellow Warbler  (*) (ph)  ______ AT BI LL MB
    Dendroica aestiva 
    (was D. petechia when Golden & Mangrove Warblers not split) 

  1081. Golden Warbler  ______  (has been considered part of the Yellow Warbler)
    Dendroica petechia

  1082. Mangrove Warbler  (ph)  ______
    Dendroica erithachorides  

  1083. Chestnut-sided Warbler  (ph)  ______
    Dendroica pensylvanica

  1084. Cape May Warbler  ______
    Dendroica tigrina

  1085. Black-throated Green Warbler (ph) ______
    Dendroica virens

  1086. Cerulean Warbler  (*)  ______ AT CR
    Dendroica cerulea

  1087. Blackburnian Warbler  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT
    Dendroica fusca

  1088. Bay-breasted Warbler  (*)  ______ AT CR
    Dendroica castanea

  1089. Blackpoll Warbler  (*) (ph)  ______ CR
    Dendroica striata

  1090. Northern Waterthrush  (*)  ______ CR FS LL
    Seiurus noveboracensis 
    (now said to be monotypic)

  1091. Kentucky Warbler  ______
    Oporornis formosus

  1092. Mourning Warbler  (*) (ph)   ______ AM AT
    Oporornis philadelphia

  1093. Connecticut Warbler  ______
    Oporonis agilis

  1094. Masked Yellowthroat  (*)  ______ LL
    Geothlypis aequinoctialis

  1095. Canada Warbler  (*) (ph)   ______ CR
    Wilsonia canadensis




    Canada Warbler
    It's called, in English, the Canada Warbler,
    but during much of the year, some are in Venezuela  

  1096. American Redstart  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BA CR LL
    Setophaga ruticilla

  1097. Slate-throated Whitestart (or Redstart) (*)  ______ AM AT BA CR
    Myioborus miniatus ballux

  1098. Golden-fronted Whitestart (or Redstart) (*)  ______ AT
    Myioborus o. ornatus

  1099. White-fronted Whitestart (or Redstart) (nt) (Ve) (*)  ______ AM AT
    Myioborus albifrons

  1100. Paria Whitestart (or Redstart) (t2) (Ve)  ______
    Myioborus pariae

  1101. Tepui Whitestart (or Redstart) (PS)  ______  (was said to be conspecific with the Brown-capped Whitestart in Bolivia & Argentina)
    Myioborus castaneocapillus

  1102. Guaiquinima Whitestart (or Redstart) (nt) (Ve)  ______  (was called Saffron-breasted Redstart; might be a subspecies of the White-faced Whitestart; this & the White-faced Whitestart might in effect both be subspecies of the Tepui Whitestart)     
    Myioborus cardonai

  1103. White-faced Whitestart  (or Redstart) (Ve)  ______  (might be conspecific with the Guaiquinima Whitestart; it & this species might be subspecies of the Tepui Whitestart; all 3 of these Whitestarts are isolated on separate tepuis)   
    Myioborus albifacies   

  1104. Black-crested Warbler  (*)  ______ AM AT CR
    Basileuterus nigrocristatus

  1105. Citrine Warbler  (*)  ______ AM
    Basileuterus l. luteoviridis

  1106. Flavescent Warbler  (*)  ______ BA
    Basileuterus flaveolus 
    (2 subspecies in Venezuela)

  1107. Roraiman Warbler  (PS) (*)  ______ BE  (formerly part of an expanded Two-banded Warbler, now more-southerly, from SE Peru to NW Argentina)
    Basileuterus (bivittatus) roraimae

  1108. Three-striped Warbler  (*)  ______ AM BA CR
    Basileuterus tristriatus besserei

  1109. Stripe-crowned Warbler  (*)  ______ AT CR  (has been called Golden-crowned Warbler)
    Basileuterus culicivorus 

  1110. Gray-headed Warbler (t2) (Ve)  ______
    Basileuterus griseiceps

  1111. Gray-throated Warbler  (nt)  ______
    Basileuterus cinereicollis

  1112. Russet-crowned Warbler  ______
    Basileuterus coronatus

  1113. Riverside Warbler  ______
    Basileuterus rivularis

  1114. Rose-breasted Chat  ______  (may not be an American Wood Warbler; with its family uncertain)
    Granatellus pelzelni 

  1115. Shiny (or Glossy) Cowbird  (*)  ______ AM BA FS CR
    Molothrus bonariensis

  1116. Giant Cowbird  (*)  ______ AT
    Molothrus oryzivora

  1117. Crested Oropendola  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BA FS LL
    Psarocolius decumanus

  1118. Green Oropendola  (*)  ______ BE
    Psarocolius viridis

  1119. Russet-backed Oropendola  (*)  ______ BA CR
    Psarocolius angustifrons oleagineus

  1120. Olive Oropendola  ______
    Psarocolius yuracares

  1121. Yellow-billed Cacique  ______
    Amblycercus holosericeus

  1122. "Eastern" Yellow-rumped Cacique  (*)  ______ BC LL MB  (considered conspecific with "Western' Yellow-rumped Cacique of northwestern South America & Central America)
    Cacicus (c.) cela

  1123. Red-rumped Cacique  (*)  ______ BE BI
    Cacicus haemorrhous

  1124. Subtropical Cacique  ______
    Cacicus uropygialis

  1125. Northern Mountain Cacique  ______
    Cacicus leucoramphus

  1126. Solitary Cacique  ______
    Cacicus solitarius

  1127. Carib Grackle  (*) (ph)  ______ BI CA CC FS LL MB
    Quiscalus l. lugubris

  1128. Great-tailed Grackle  (ph)  ______
    Quiscalus mexicanus

  1129. Velvet-fronted Grackle  ______
    Lampropsar tanagrinus

  1130. Golden-tufted Mountain Grackle  (PS)   ______  (has also been called Tepui Mountain Grackle)
    Macroagelaius imthurni

  1131. Bobolink  (ph)  ______
    Dolichonyx orzyzivorus

  1132. Yellow-hooded Blackbird  (*)  ______ BI LL MB
    Chrysomus i. icterocephalus

  1133. Moriche Oriole  (*)  ______ BC  (closely related to, and by some considered conspecific with more-southerly Epaulet Oriole)  
    Icterus chrysacephalus

  1134. Orange-crowned Oriole  (*)  ______ BI CR
    Icterus auricapillus 
    (monotypic)

  1135. Venezuelan Troupial  (*)  ______ FS LL  (formerly a part of a more wide-rainging Troupial, now considered as 3 species in South America)
    Icterus icterus


  1136. Yellow Oriole  (*)  ______ FS LL MB
    Icterus n. nigrogularis

  1137. Yellow-backed Oriole  (*)  ______ AT LL
    Icterus chrysater giraudii

  1138. Yellow-tailed Oriole  ______
    Icterus mesomelas

  1139. Baltimore Oriole  (ph)  ______
    Icterus galbula

  1140. Orchard Oriole  (ph)  ______
    Icterus spurius 

  1141. Oriole Blackbird  (*)  ______ FS LL
    Gymnomystax mexicanus 
    (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  1142. Red-breasted Blackbird  (*)  ______ AM LL
    Sturnella militaris 
    (monotypic)

  1143. Eastern (or Common) Meadowlark  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BA FS MB
    Sturnella magna paralios

  1144. Bananaquit  (*) (ph)  ______ BA BC CA CC CR LL MB
    Coereba flaveola 
    (2 subspecies in Venezuela; in all, there are 41 subspecies throughout Latin America & the Caribbean) 

  1145. Yellow-browed Sparrow  (*)  ______ LL
    Myospiza
    (formerly Ammodramus) aurifrons 

  1146. Grassland Sparrow  (*)  ______ LL
    Myospiza
    (formerly Ammodramus) humeralis

  1147. Rufous-collared Sparrow  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BA CR 
    Zonotrichia capensis venezuelae  

  1148. Black-striped Sparrow  (*)  ______ BA
    Arremonops conirostris umbrinus


  1149. Tocuyo Sparrow (Vqe) (*)  ______ FS  (quite similar to the Black-striped Sparrow; some geographic range overlap, but range & habitat generally differ)
    Arremonops tocuyensis

  1150. Pectoral Sparrow  (*)  ______ AT
    Arremon taciturnis  

  1151. Golden-winged Sparrow  ______
    Arremon schlegeli

  1152. Chestnut-capped Brush Finch  (*)  ______ CR
    Buarremon brunneinuchus frontalis

  1153. Stripe-headed Brush Finch  ______
    Buarremon torquatus

  1154. Tepui Brush Finch  (PS) (*)  ______ BE
    Atalpetes p. personatus

  1155. Ochre-breasted Brush Finch  (*)  ______ CR
    Atalpetes semirufus denisei

  1156. Slaty Brush Finch  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Atalpetes schistaceus castaneifrons 

  1157. Moustached Brush Finch  (*)  ______ AM
    Atalpetes albofrenatus meridae

  1158. Pale-naped Brush Finch  ______
    Atlapetes pallidinucha

  1159. Rufous-naped Brush Finch  ______
    Atalpetes latinuchus

  1160. Red-capped Cardinal  (*)  ______ LL
    Paroaria gularis  

  1161. Paradise Tanager  (*)  ______ BE
    Tangara chilensis coelicolor

  1162. Green-and-gold Tanager  ______
    Tangara schrankii

  1163. Spotted Tanager  (*)  ______ BE
    Tangara p. punctata

  1164. Speckled Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______ AM BA CR
    Tangara guttata chrysophrys

  1165. Golden Tanager  (*) (ph) ______ BA CR
    Tangara a. arthus 

  1166. Saffron-crowned Tanager  (*)  ______ AM
    Tangara xanthocephala venusta

  1167. Flame-faced Tanager  ______
    Tangara parzudadkii

  1168. Rufous-cheeked Tanager (Ve) (*)  ______ CR
    Tangara rufigenis

  1169. Blue-necked Tanager  (*)  ______ AT BA
    Tangara cyanicollis hannahiae

  1170. Bay-headed Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______ AM BA CR
    Tangara g. gyrola

  1171. Burnished-buff Tanager  (*)  ______ AM AT BC CR LL
    Tangara c. cayana

  1172. Beryl-spangled Tanager  (*)  ______ AT CR
    Tangara nigroviridis cyanescens

  1173. Black-capped Tanager  (*)  ______ AT
    Tangara heinei 
    (monotypic)

  1174. Black-headed Tanager  (*)  ______ AT
    Tangara c. cyanoptera

  1175. Blue-and-black Tanager  (*)  ______ AM
    Tangara v. vassorii

  1176. Masked Tanager  ______
    Tangara nigrocincta

  1177. Turquoise Tanager  ______
    Tangara mexicana

  1178. Opal-rumped Tanager  ______
    Tangara velia

  1179. Yellow-bellied Tanager  ______
    Tangara xanthogastra

  1180. Dotted Tanager  ______
    Tangara varia

  1181. Orange-eared Tanager  ______
    Chlorochrysa calliparaea

  1182. Fawn-breasted Tanager  (*)  ______ AM BA CR
    Pipraeidea melanonota venezuelensis

  1183. Buff-breasted Mountain Tanager  ______
    Dubusia taeniata 

  1184. Lacrimose Mountain Tanager  (*)  ______ AT
    Anisognathus lacrymosus melanops

  1185. Blue-winged Mountain Tanager  (*)  ______ CR
    Anisognathus somptuosus venezuelanus

  1186. Scarlet-bellied Mountain Tanager  ______
    Anisognathus igniventris

  1187. Hooded Mountain Tanager  (ph)   ______
    Buthraupis montana




    Hooded Mountain Tanager

  1188. Black-chested Mountain Tanager  ______
    Buthraupis eximia

  1189. Blue-backed Tanager  ______
    Cyanicterus cyanicterus

  1190. Blue-gray Tanager  (*)  ______ all regions
    Thraupis episcopus 

  1191. Glaucous Tanager (Vqe) (*)  ______ FS
    Thraupis glaucocolpa

  1192. Palm Tanager  (*)  ______ AM AT BA BC CR
    Thraupis palmarum melanoptera

  1193. Blue-capped Tanager  (*)  ______ AT BA CR
    Thraupis cyanocephala 
    (5 subspecies in Venezuela) 

  1194. Silver-beaked Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT LL CR
    Ramphocelus carbo venezuelensis

  1195. Crimson-backed Tanager  (*)  ______ AM AT MB
    Ramphocelus d. dimidiatus

  1196. Tooth-billed Tanager  (*)  ______ AT CR  (has been part of a more-widespread Hepatic Tanager; includes the "Blood-red Tanager" of the Tepuis)   
    Piranga lutea 

  1197. Summer Tanager  (*)  ______ AT
    Piranga r. rubra

  1198. Scarlet Tanager  (ph)   ______
    Piranga olivacea

  1199. White-winged Tanager  (*)  ______ CR
    Piranga leucoptera venezuelae

  1200. Red-crowned Ant Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______ BA CR
    Habia rubica crissalis

  1201. Fulvous Shrike-Tanager  (*)  ______ BE
    Lanio f. fulvus

  1202. White-lined Tanager  (*)  ______ AM BA BC CR
    Tachyphonus rufus

  1203. Flame-crested Tanager  ______
    Tachyphonus cristatus

  1204. Fulvous-crested Tanager  (*)  ______ BE
    Tachyphonus s. surinamus

  1205. White-shouldered Tanager  (*)  ______ BA BC
    Tachyphonus l. luctuosus

  1206. Red-shouldered Tanager  (*)  ______ BE
    Tachyphonus phoenicius


  1207. Gray-headed Tanager  (*)  ______ AT BA CR
    Eucometis penicillata cristata 
    (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)  (the single member of its genus)

  1208. Olive-backed Tanager  (PS)  ______
    Mitrospingus oleagineus

  1209. Hooded Tanager  (*)  ______ AM FS
    Nemosia pileata hypoleuca

  1210. Rosy Thrush-Tanager  (*)  ______ CA
    Rhodinocichla rosea 
    (the single member of its genus) 

  1211. Yellow-backed Tanager  ______
    Hemithraupis flavicollis

  1212. Guira Tanager  (*)  ______ BA CR
    Hemithraupis guira nigrigula

  1213. Fulvous-headed Tanager  (*)  ______ CA CR
    Thlypopsis f. fulviceps

  1214. Orange-headed Tanager  ______
    Thlypopsis sordida

  1215. Black-capped Hemispingus  (*)  ______ AT
    Hemispingus a. atropileus

  1216. Superciliaried Hemispingus  ______
    Hemispingus superciliaris

  1217. Oleaginous Hemispingus  (*)  ______ CR
    Hemispingus frontalis

  1218. Gray-capped Hemispingus  (nt) (Ve) (*) ______ BA
    Hemispingus reyi

  1219. Slaty-backed Hemispingus  (t3)  ______
    Hemispingus goeringi 

  1220. Gray-hooded Bush Tanager  ______
    Cnemoscopus rubrirostris

  1221. Common Bush Tanager  (*)  ______ AT BA CR
    Chlorospinus ophthalmicus jacqueti

  1222. Ashy-throated Bush Tanager  ______
    Chlorospingus canigularis 

  1223. White-capped Tanager  ______
    Sericossypha albocristata

  1224. Magpie Tanager  (ph)  ______
    Cissopis leveriana

  1225. Black-faced Tanager  (*)  ______ BA
    Schistochlamys melanops aterrima

  1226. Swallow-Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______ AM CR
    Tersina viridis occidentalis 
    (the single member of its genus)

  1227. Blue Dacnis  (*)  ______ BA BC 
    Dacnis c. cayana  

  1228. Black-faced Dacnis  ______
    Dacnis lineata

  1229. Yellow-bellied Dacnis  ______
    Dacnis flaviventer

  1230. White-bellied Dacnis  ______
    Dacnis albiventris

  1231. Purple Honeycreeper  (*)  ______ BE CR
    Cyanerpes caeruleus microrhynchus

  1232. Short-billed Honeycreeper  ______
    Cyanerpes nitidus

  1233. Red-legged Honeycreeper  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BC 
    Cyanerpes cyaneus eximius

  1234. Green Honeycreeper  (*) (ph)  ______ BA BE BI CR
    Chlorophanes spiza 
    (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
    Chlorophanes s. spiza 
    (most of VE)
    Chlorophanes spiza subtropicalis 
    (west VE)


  1235. Chestnut-vented Conebill  ______
    Conirostrum speciosum

  1236. White-eared Conebill  ______
    Conirostrum leucogenys

  1237. Bicolored Conebill  ______
    Conirostrum bicolor

  1238. Blue-backed Conebill  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Conirostrum sitticolor intermedium

  1239. Capped Conebill  (*)  ______ AT
    Conirostrum albifrons cyanonotum

  1240. Rusty Flowerpiercer  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Diglossa sittoides dorbignyi

  1241. Glossy Flowerpiercer  (*)  ______ AM
    Diglossa l. lafresnayii

  1242. White-sided Flowerpiercer  (*)  ______ BA AM AT CR
    Diglossa a. albilatera

  1243. Merida Flowerpiercer (Ve) (*)  ______ AM AT  (formerly part of the Coal-black Flower-piercer, split into 3 or 4 species) 
    Diglossa gloriosa

  1244. Black Flowerpiercer  (*)  ______ AT
    Diglossa h. humeralis

  1245. Greater Flowerpiercer  (PS)  ______
    Diglossa major

  1246. Scaled Flowerpiercer  ______
    Diglossa duidae

  1247. Venezuelan Flowerpiercer  (t2) (Ve)  ______
    Diglossa venezuelensis

  1248. Bluish Flowerpiercer  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Diglossopis caerulescens saturata

  1249. Masked Flowerpiercer  (*)  ______ AM AT
    Diglossopis c. cyanea 


  1250. Gray Pileated Finch  (*)  ______ FS  (formerly called Pileated Finch)
    Coryphospingus pileatus  

  1251. Slaty Finch  ______
    Haplospiza rustica

  1252. Sooty Grassquit  (*)  ______ CA
    Tiaris fuliginosus fumosus

  1253. Black-faced Grassquit  (*) (ph)  ______ CA FS LL
    Tiaris bicolor omissa

  1254. Yellow-faced Grassquit  ______
    Tiaris olivacea

  1255. Dull-colored Grassquit  ______  (was called Dull-colored Seedeater
    Tiaris obscura

  1256. Paramo Seedeater  (*)  ______ AM
    Catamenia homochroa duncani

  1257. Plain-colored Seedeater  (*)  ______ AM
    Catamenia inornata minor

  1258. White-naped Seedeater  ______
    Dolospingus fringilloides 

  1259. Chestnut-bellied Seed Finch  (*) ______  LL  (formerly considered conspecific with what's now Thick-billed Seed-Finch, Oryzoborus funereus, of Central America; was collectively called Lesser Seed-Finch)
    Oryzoborus maximiliani 

  1260. Large-billed Seed Finch (nt) (*)  ______ LL
    Oryzoborus crassirostris 
    (monotypic)

  1261. Great-billed Seedeater  ______
    Oryzoborus maximiliani

  1262. Lined Seedeater  (*)  ______ BC LL
    Sporophila lineola 
    (monotypic)

  1263. Lesson's Seedeater  (*)  ______ BE LL
    Sporophila bouvronides

  1264. Black-and-white Seedeater  (*)  ______ AM  
    Sporophila luctuosa   

  1265. Gray Seedeater  (*)  ______ AM AT LL
    Sporophila i. intermedia

  1266. Plumbeous Seedeater  (*)  ______ BE
    Sporophila plumbea

  1267. Yellow-bellied Seedeater  (*)  ______ AT CA CR
    Sporophila nigricollis

  1268. Ruddy-breasted Seedeater  (*) (ph)  ______ AM BC FS LL MB
    Sporophila minuta




    Ruddy-breasted Seedeater
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  1269. Chestnut-bellied Seedeater  ______
    Sporophila castaneiventris

  1270. Slate-colored Seedeater  ______
    Sporophila schistacea

  1271. Wing-barred Seedeater  ______
    Sporophila americana

  1272. Blue-black Grassquit  (*)  ______ AM BA CA LL
    Volatinia jacarina 
    (the single member of its genus)

  1273. Plumbeous Sierra Finch  ______
    Phrygilus unicolor

  1274. Grassland Yellow Finch  (*)  ______ LL
    Sicalis l. luteola

  1275. Saffron Finch  (*) (ph)  ______ AM AT BA CA FS LL
    Sicalis f. flaveola

  1276. Orange-fronted Yellow Finch  (*)  ______ LL
    Sicalis c. columbiana

  1277. Stripe-tailed Yellow Finch  (*)  ______ BE
    Sicalis citrina browni 

  1278. Plumbeous Sierra Finch  (*)  ______ AM
    Phrygilus unicolor nivarius

  1279. Wedge-tailed Grass Finch  (*) (ph)  ______ LL
    Emberizoides herbicola 




    Wedge-tailed Grass Finch
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  1280. Duida Grass Finch  (nt)  ______
    Emberizoides duidae

  1281. Plushcap  (*)  ______ CR  (has also been called Plush-capped Finch)
    Catamblyrhynchus diadema 
    (the single member of its genus)


  1282. Dickcissel  (*)  ______ LL
    Spiza americana  (the single member of its genus; now in the family Cardinalidae with Cardinals, Grosbeaks, Saltators, and New World Buntings

  1283. Vermilion Cardinal  (*)  ______ FS
    Cardinalis phoeniceus 
    (monotypic) 

  1284. Buff-throated Saltator  (*)  ______ AM BA BC CA CR LL
    Saltator m. maximus

  1285. "Southern" Grayish Saltator  (*)  ______  AM CR FS LL  (The South American population east of the Andes may be distinct enough from birds west of the Andes & in Central America to be considered a separate species.)
    Saltator coerulescens brewsteri

  1286. Orinocan Saltator  (Vqe) (*)  ______ FS LL
    Saltator o. orenocensis

  1287. Streaked Saltator  (*)  ______ AM AT CA
    Saltator striatipectus perstriatus

  1288. Slate-colored Grosbeak  (*)  ______ BE
    Saltator g. grossus 
    (genus Pitylus merged into Saltator)

  1289. Red-and-black Grosbeak  ______
    Periporphyrys erythromelas

  1290. Yellow-green Grosbeak  (*)  ______ BE
    Caryothraustes c. canadensis

  1291. Rose-breasted Grosbeak  (*) (ph)  ______ AM
    Pheucticus ludovicianus

  1292. Southern Yellow Grosbeak  (*)  ______ FS
    Pheucticus chrysogaster laubmanni

  1293. Black-backed Grosbeak  ______
    Pheuticus aureoventris

  1294. Blue-black Grosbeak  (*)  ______ BE CR
    Cyanocompsa cyanoides

  1295. Ultramarine Grosbeak  (*)  ______ CA FS
    Cyanocompsa brissonii  

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