Venezuela Birds during Focus On Nature Tours

PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA
E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-800-721-9986
or 302/529-1876; Fax: 302/529-1085

VENEZUELA
BIRDS

Noting those found
during Focus On Nature Tours
with an (*)

1991 thru 2010

(during the months of February,
March, & June)

A Venezuela bird-list compiled by Armas Hill.

PHOTO AT RIGHT: GOLDEN TANAGERS at a feeder during a FONT tour in Venezuela

About 700 species of birds have cumulatively been seen during FONT tours.

Codes:

Indicating regions visited (as follows):

AM: The Andean state of Merida (from subtropical forest to paramo)

AT: The Andean state of Tachira (from subtropical forest to paramo)

BA: Barinas state (mostly): from east of Santo Domingo to Barinas

BC: Bolivar state: the Canaima (Angel Falls) area & "Las Nieves"

BE: Bolivar state: the area of the Escalera, the Tepuis, and the Gran Sabana

BI: Bolivar state: the area of the Imataca Forest Reserve & El Dorado

CA: Caracas

CC: Caribbean coast (from Chichiviriche east, including Morrocoy)

CR: Coastal Range (including Henri Pittier National Park & Colonia Tovar)

FS: Falcon state (west of Chichiviriche)

LL: Llanos (the Hato El Cedral, in the state of Apure)

MB: Maracaibo Basin (Zulia & Trujillo states)

(t): a globally threatened, or rare, species as designated by Birdlife International
(t1): critical (t2): endangered (t3): vulnerable
(nt): a near-threatened species globally

(i): introduced species
(Ve): Venezuelan endemic (Venezuela has 41.)
(Vqe): quasi (or near) endemic to Venezuela
(Vr): rare in Venezuela

(ph): species with a photo in the FONT website

REGARDING "PANTEPUI" SPECIALTY BIRDS (noted in this list with a "PS")

Southeast Venezuela is particularly known for its great variety of bird species. There's a road there that ascends to the plateau called the Gran Sabana.
An excellent birding road, it's called "La Escalera", which literally means "the staircase". Along that road is dense cloud forest that's home to most of the PANTEPUI SPECIALTY BIRDS, those that are typical of the foothill slopes of the "table mountains" known as "tepuis".
38 species of birds are in that category of Pantepui endemics & specialties. And more study is almost certainly to reveal more.
Pantepui endemics that are also endemic to Venezuela are also coded in the following list with a (Ve).

Links:

Upcoming South America FONT Birding & Nature Tours
part 1: in Brazil & Venezuela

Upcoming South America FONT Birding & Nature Tours
part 2: in Argentina & Chile

Birds of the Amazonian Basin (including Brazil, Ecuador, & Venezuela)

Venezuela Mammals

South America Butterflies

Directory of Photos in this FONT Website

Bird-List:

Gray Tinamou ______
Tinamus tao
Great Tinamou (*) ______ BE
Tinamus m. major
White-throated Tinamou ______
Tinamus guttatus
Highland Tinamou ______
Nothocercus bonapartei
Tawny-breasted Tinamou ______
Nothocercus julius
Cinereous Tinamou ______
Crypturellus cinereus
Little Tinamou (*) ______ CR
Crypturellus soui andrei
Tepui Tinamou (PS) ______
Crypturellus ptaritepui
Brown Tinamou (*) ______ AM
Crypturellus obsoletus cerviniventris
Undulated Tinamou (*) ______ BC
Crypturellus undulatus manapiare
Variegated Tinamou (*) ______ BC
Crypturellus v. variegatus
Red-legged Tinamou ______
Crypturellus erythropus
Gray-legged Tinamou ______
Crypturellus duidae
Barred Tinamou ______
Crypturellus casiquiare
Rufous-vented Chachalaca (*) ______ AT CA CC FS LL
Ortalis ruficauda (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Ortalis ruficauda ruficrissa
Ortalis r. ruficauda
Little Chachalaca (*) ______ BC (has been considered part of the Variable Chachalaca, the smallest & darkest race)
Ortalis m. motmot
Band-tailed Guan (*) ______ CR
Penelope a. argyrotis
Andean Guan (*) ______ AM
Penelope m. montagnii
Marail Guan ______
Penelope marail
Spix's Guan (*) ______ BC
Penelope jacquacu orienticola
Crested Guan (ph) ______
Penelope purpurascens
Common (or Blue-throated) Piping Guan (*) ______ BC
Pipile c. cumanensis
Wattled Guan (nt) ______
Aburria aburri
Nocturnal Curassow ______
Nothocrax urumutum
Crestless Curassow ______
Mitu tomentosa
Black Curassow (*) ______ BC
Crax alector (monotypic)
Yellow-knobbed Curassow (nt) (*) ______ LL
Crax daubentoni (monotypic)
Northern Helmeted Curassow (t3) ______
Pauxi pauxi
Crested Bobwhite (*) ______ BC FS LL
Colinus cristatus sonnini
Marbled Wood Quail ______
Odontophorus gujanensis
Black-fronted Wood Quail (t3) ______
Odontophorus atrifrons
Venezuelan Wood Quail (nt) (Ve) (*) ______ CR
Odontophorus columbianus (monotypic)
Horned Screamer (*) ______ LL
Anhima cornuta (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Northern Screamer (nt) (*) ______ MB
Chauna chavaria (monotypic)
Fulvous Whistling Duck (*) ______ LL
Dendrocygna bicolor (monotypic)
White-faced Whistling Duck (*) (ph) ______ LL
Dendrocygna viduata (monotypic)
Black-bellied Whistling Duck (*) (ph) ______ FS LL
Dendrocygna autumnalis discolor
Orinoco Goose (nt) (*) ______ LL
Neochen jubata (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Andean Teal (*) ______ AM (was part of more-southerly Speckled Teal, Anas flavirostris; the range of that species is now north to Peru)
Anas andium
American Wigeon (ph) ______
Anas americana
White-cheeked Pintail (*) ______ CC
Anas b. bahamensis
Blue-winged Teal (*) (ph) ______ CC FS LL
Anas discors (monotypic)
Northern Shoveler ______
Anas clypeata
Brazilian Teal (*) (ph) ______ LL
Amazonetta b. brasiliensis (the single member of its genus)
Torrent Duck (*) (ph) ______ BA
Merganetta armata colombiana (the single member of its genus)
Comb Duck (nt) (*) ______ LL
Sarkidiornis melanotos (the single member of its genus)
Muscovy Duck (*) (ph) ______ LL
Cairina moschata (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Southern Pochard ______
Netta erythrophthalma
Lesser Scaup (ph) ______
Aythya affinis
Masked Duck (*) ______ FS
Nononyx (formerly Oxyura) dominica (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Least Grebe (*) (ph) ______ FS LL
Tachybabtus (formerly Podiceps) dominicus
Pied-billed Grebe (*) ______ AM LL
Podilymbus podiceps
American Flamingo (*) (ph) ______ CC
Phoenicopterus ruber
Wood Stork (*) (ph) ______ CC FS LL
Mycteria americana (monotypic)
Maguari Stork (ph) ______ LL
Euxenura maguari (formerly Ciconia maguari) (monotypic)
Jabiru (*) (ph) ______ BC LL
Jabiru mycteria (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Buff-necked Ibis (*) (ph) ______ LL
Theristicus c. caudatus
Sharp-tailed Ibis (*) ______ LL
Cercibis oxycerca (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Green Ibis (*) ______ LL MB
Mesembrinibis cayennensis (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Bare-faced (or Whispering) Ibis (*) ______ CC FS LL MB
Phimosus infuscatus
American White Ibis (*) (ph) ______ CC LL
Eudocimus albus (monotypic)
Scarlet Ibis (*) (ph) ______ CC LL MB
Eudocimus ruber (monotypic)
Glossy Ibis (*) (ph) ______ LL
Phegadis f. falcinellus
Roseate Spoonbill (*) (ph) ______ AM CC FS LL
Ajaia (formerly Platalea) ajaja (monotypic)
Great Blue Heron (*) ______ CC LL
Ardea herodias
Cocoi Heron (*) (ph) ______ BI LL MB (has also been called White-necked Heron, but there's a species so-named in Australia)
Ardea cocoi (monotypic)
Great Egret (*) (ph) ______ AM BE BI CC FS LL MB
Casmerodius (has been Ardea) alba egretta
Snowy Egret (*) (ph) ______ AM CC FS LL MB
Egretta t. thula
Little Blue Heron (*) (ph) ______ CC LL MB
Egretta caerulea (monotypic)
Reddish Egret (ph) ______
Egretta rufescens
Tricolored Heron (*) (ph) ______ CC LL MB (has been called Louisiana Heron)
Egretta tricolor ruficollis
Striated Heron (*) (ph) ______ BI CC FS LL MB (at one time considered conspecific with the Green Heron, of mostly North America & much of Central America; was then called Green-backed Heron)
Butorides striatus
Green Heron (*) ______ MB (at one time considered conspecific with the nearly-cosmopolitan Striated Heron, and was then called Green-backed Heron)
Butorides virescens
Western Cattle Egret (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BC CC FS LL MB
Bubulcus ibis
Agami (or Chestnut-bellied) Heron (nt) (*) ______ LL
Agamia agami (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Whistling Heron (*) (ph) ______ LL
Syrigma sibilatrix fostersmithi (the single member of its genus)

Whistling Heron
Capped Heron (*) (ph) ______ LL MB
Piherodius pileatus (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Black-crowned Night Heron (*) ______ CC LL MB
Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli
Yellow-crowned Night Heron (*) (ph) ______ CC LL
Nyctanassa violacea cayennensis (the single member of its genus)
Boat-billed Heron (*) (ph) ______ LL
Cochlearius c. cochlearius (the single member of its genus)
Fasciated Tiger Heron ______
Tigrisoma fasciatum
Rufescent Tiger Heron (*) ______ LL
Tigrisoma l. lineatum
Zigzag Heron (nt) (*) ______ LL
Zebrilus undulatus (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Least Bittern (ph) _____
Ixobrychus exilis
Stripe-backed Bittern ______
Ixobrychus involucris
Pinnated Bittern (*) (ph) ______ LL
Botaurus p. pinnatus
Magnificent Frigatebird (*) (ph) ______ CC FS
Fregata magnificens (now said to be monotypic)
Brown Pelican (*) (ph) ______ CC
Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis
Neotropic (has been called Olivaceous) Cormorant (*) (ph) ______ BI CC FS LL MB
Phalacocorax brasilianus (formerly P. olivaceous)
Anhinga (*) (ph) ______ BI FS LL MB
Anhinga a. anhinga
Andean Condor (nt) (ph) ______ (re-introduced in Venezuela)
Vultur gryphus
King Vulture (*) (ph) ______ BC LL
Sarcoramphus papa (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Black Vulture (*) (ph) ______ all regions
Coragyps atratus brasiliensis (but said by some to be monotypic) (the single member of its genus)
Turkey Vulture (*) (ph) ______ all regions
Cathartes aura ruficollis
Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture (*) (ph) ______ BC LL MB
Cathartes b. burrovianus (said by some to be monotypic)
Greater Yellow-headed Vulture (*) ______ BI
Cathartes melambrotus (monotypic)
Black Caracara ______
Daptrius ater
Red-throated Caracara (*) ______ BI
Ibycter americanus (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Yellow-headed Caracara (*) ______ BA BE BC BI CC CR FS LL MB
Milvago chimachima cordatus
Northern Crested Caracara (*) (ph) ______ BC BE BI FS LL MB (was conspecific with the now Southern Caracara, Caracara plancus, of South America, generally south of the Amazon)
Caracara c. cheriway
Laughing Falcon (*) ______ AM FS LL
Herpetotheres c. cachinnans (the single member of its genus)
Collared Forest Falcon (*) ______
Micrastur s. semitorquatus
Barred Forest Falcon ______
Micrastur ruficollis
Lined Forest Falcon (*) ______ BC
Micrastur gilvicollis (monotypic)
Slaty-backed Forest Falcon ______
Micrastur mirandollei
Peregrine Falcon (*) (ph) ______ FS
Falco peregrinus anatum
Bat Falcon (*) (ph) ______ CR MB
Falco r. rufigularis
Aplomado Falcon (*) (ph) ______ BC BI LL MB
Falco f. femoralis
Merlin (*) (ph) ______ AM FS
Falco c. columbarius
American Kestrel (*) (ph) ______ AM BA BC BI FS LL MB
Falco sparverius isabellinus
Osprey (*) (ph) ______ FS LL MB
Pandion haliaetus (the single member of its genus & family)
White-tailed Kite (*) ______ AT LL
Elanus l. leucurus
Pearl Kite (*) ______
Gampsonyx swainsonii
Swallow-tailed Kite (*) ______ BC BE MB
Elanoides forficatus yetapa (the single member of is genus)
Hook-billed Kite ______
Chondrohierax uncinatus
Gray-headed Kite (*) ______ BA
Leptodon c. cayanensis (the single member of its genus)
Double-toothed Kite (*) ______ BA BE
Harpagus b. bidentatus
Plumbeous Kite (*) ______ BC BE
Ictinia plumbea (monotypic)
Snail Kite (*) (ph) ______ LL MB
Rostrhamus s. sociabilis (now the single member of its genus)
Slender-billed Kite (*) ______
Helicolestes (formerly Rostrhamus) hamatus
Long-winged Harrier (ph) ______
Circus buffoni
Plain-breasted Hawk (*) ______ BA (has been considered a subspecies of the more-northerly Sharp-shinned Hawk)
Accipiter (striatus) ventralis
Semi-collared Hawk (nt) (*) ______ AM AT (rare, and not well known)
Accipiter collaris (monotypic)
Tiny Hawk ______
Accipiter superciliosus
Bicolored Hawk ______
Accipiter bicolor
Gray-bellied Hawk ______
Accipiter poliogaster
Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle (*) (ph) ______ AM
Geranoaetus melanoleucus australis (the single member of its genus)
White-tailed Hawk (*) ______ FS LL
Buteo albicaudatus colonus
Zone-tailed Hawk (*) (ph) ______ LL MB
Buteo albonotatus (monotypic)
Roadside Hawk (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BE FS LL MB
Buteo magnirostris (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Buteo m. magnirostris
Buteo magnirostris insidiatrix
Gray-lined Hawk (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BE FS LL (merged with the Gray Hawk of mostly Central America)
Buteo (has also been said to be Asturina) n. nitida
White-rumped Hawk ______
Buteo leucorrhous
Broad-winged Hawk ______
Buteo platypterus
White-throated Hawk (*) ______ AT (a rare hawk in the Venezuelan high mountains) (was at one time a subspecies of the Short-tailed Hawk)
Buteo albigula
Short-tailed Hawk (*) (ph) ______ CR FS
Buteo b. brachyurus
Bay-winged Hawk (*) (ph) ______ BC FS LL (In North America called Harris' Hawk.)
Parabuteo u. unicinctus (the single member of its genus)
Crane Hawk (*) (ph) ______ LL
Geranospiza c. caerulescens (the single member of its genus)
Slate-colored Hawk ______
Leucopternis schistacea
White Hawk (*) (ph) ______ CR
Leucopternis a. albicollis

White Hawk
(photo by Alan Brady)
Black-faced Hawk ______
Leucopternis melanops
Black-collared Hawk (*) (ph) ______ FS LL MB
Busarellus n. nigricollis (the single member of its genus)
Savanna Hawk (*) (ph) ______ BI BC FS LL MB
Buteogallus meridionalis (monotypic)
Common Black Hawk (*) (ph) ______ BI CC MB
Buteogallus a. anthracinus
Great Black Hawk (*) ______ BC LL
Buteogallus u. urubitinga
Rufous Crab Hawk ______ (in eastern Venezuela, near the seacoast)
Buteogallus aequinoctialis
Montane Solitary Eagle ______
Harpyhaliaetus solitarius
Crested Eagle (nt) ______
Morphnus guianensis
Harpy Eagle (nt) (ph) ______
Harpia harpyja

An immature Harpy Eagle
Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle ______
Spizastur melanoleucus
Black Hawk-Eagle (*) ______ AT BA LL
Spizaetus tyrannus serus
Ornate Hawk-Eagle (ph) ______
Spizaetus ornatus
Black-and-chestnut Eagle ______
Oroaetus isidori
Gray-breasted Crake ______
Laterallus exilis
Rufous-sided Crake ______
Laterallus melanophaius
Rusty-flanked Crake (t2) ______
Laterallus levraudi
Russet-crowned Crake ______
Laterallus viridis
Uniform Crake ______
Amaurolimnas concolor
Sora ______
Porzana carolina
Ash-throated Crake ______
Porzana albicollis
Gray-necked Wood Rail (*) (ph) ______ BA FS LL
Aramides c. cajanea
Yellow-breasted Crake (*) ______ LL
Porzana f. flaviventer
Paint-billed Crake ______
Neocrex erythrops
Speckled Crake ______
Coturnicops notatus
Ocellated Crake ______
Micropygia schomburgkii
Clapper Rail ______
Rallus longirostris
Plain-flanked Rail (t2) (Ve) ______
Rallus wetmorei
Blackish Rail ______
Pardirallus nigricans
Spotted Rail ______
Pardirallus maculatus
Rufous-necked Wood Rail ______
Aramides axillaris
Common Gallinule (or Moorhen) (*) (ph) ______ BI FS LL
Gallinula chloropus galeata
Purple Gallinule (*) (ph) ______ BI LL MB
Porphyrula martinicus (monotypic)
Azure Gallinule (*) ______ LL
Porphyrula flavirostris (monotypic)
Caribbean Coot (nt) ______
Fulica caribaea
Sungrebe (*) (ph) ______ LL (has been called "American Finfoot")
Heliornis fulica (monotypic)

A Sungrebe photographed during a FONT tour
Sunbittern (*) (ph) ______ LL
Eurypyga h. helias (the single member of its genus & family)

A Sunbittern photographed during a FONT tour
Gray-winged Trumpeter ______
Psophia crepitans
Limpkin (*) (ph) ______ LL MB
Aramus guarauna (the single member of its genus & family)
Double-striped Thick-knee (*) (ph) ______ FS LL
Burhinus bistriatus vocifer

A Double-striped Thick-knee photographed during a FONT tour
American Oystercatcher (ph) ______
Haematopus palliatus
Black-necked Stilt (*) (ph) ______ CC FS LL (has been said by some to be conspecific with the Black-winged Stilt of the Old World, Himantopus himantopus)
Himantopus (h.) mexicanus
Southern Lapwing (*) (ph) ______ BC BI CC FS LL MB
Vanellus chilensis cayennensis
Pied Plover (*) ______ LL
Hoploxypterus cayanus (monotypic)
Gray Plover (ph) ______ (has been called Black-bellied Plover)
Pluvialis squatarola
American Golden Plover (ph) ______
Pluvialis dominica
Semipalmated Plover (*) (ph) ______ CC
Charadrius semipalmatus (monotypic)
Wilson's Plover (ph) ______
Charadrius wilsonia
Collared Plover (*) ______ FS LL
Charadrius collaris (monotypic)
Killdeer ______
Charadrius vociferus
Wattled Jacana (*) (ph) ______ BI CC FS LL MB
Jacana jacana (3 subspecies in Venezuela)
Jacana jacana melanopygia (west VE)
Jacana jacana intermedia (north & central VE)
Jacana j. jacana (south VE)
Greater Yellowlegs (*) ______ CC FS LL
Tringa melanoleuca (monotypic)
Lesser Yellowlegs (*) (ph) ______ CC FS LL
Tringa flavipes (monotypic)
Solitary Sandpiper (*) (ph) ______ FS LL
Tringa s. solitaria
Spotted Sandpiper (*) (ph) ______ AT CC FS LL MB
Actitis macularia (monotypic)
Willet (*) (ph) ______ CC
Catoptrophorus (or Tringa) semipalmatus inornatus
Ruddy Turnstone (*) (ph) ______
Arenaria interpres
Red Knot (ph) ______
Calidris canutus
Pectoral Sandpiper (*) (ph) ______ CC LL
Calidris melanotos (monotypic)
Least Sandpiper (*) (ph) ______ CC FS LL
Calidris minutilla (monotypic)
Semipalmated Sandpiper (*) ______ CC LL
Calidris pusilla (monotypic)
Western Sandpiper (*) (ph) ______ LL
Calidris mauri (monotypic)
White-rumped Sandpiper (ph) ______
Calidris fuscicollis
Sanderling (*) (ph) ______ CC
Calidris alba rubida
Stilt Sandpiper (*) ______ FS
Calidris (formerly Micropalama) himantopus (monotypic)
Upland Sandpiper ______
Bartramia longicauda
"American" Whimbrel (*) (ph) ______ CC
Numenius phaepus hudsonicus
Hudsonian Godwit ______
Limosa haemastica
Buff-breasted Sandpiper (nt) (ph) ______
Tryngites subruficollis
Short-billed Dowitcher (*) (ph) ______ CC
Limnodromus g. griseus
Wilson's Snipe (ph) ______ (was conspecific with the Common Snipe of Eurasia)
Gallinago delicata
South American Snipe (*) ______ LL (has been considered conspecific with what's now the Wilson's Snipe, Gallinago delicata, of North America, which has formerly been conspecific itself with the Common Snipe, Gallinago gallinago, of the Old World)
Gallinago paraguaiae
Noble Snipe ______
Gallinago nobilis
Andean Snipe (*) ______ AT
Gallinago jamesoni
Giant Snipe ______
Gallinago undulata
Laughing Gull (*) (ph) ______ MB
Larus atricilla
Large-billed Tern (*) (ph) ______ LL MB
Phaetusa s. simplex (the single member of its genus)
Gull-billed Tern (*) ______ CC LL
Gelochelidon (formerly Sterna) nilotica aranea
Common Tern ______
Sterna hirundo
Roseate Tern (*) (ph) ______ CC
Sterna d. dougallii
Least Tern ______
Sternula (formerly Sterna) antillarum
Yellow-billed Tern (*) ______ LL (an alternate name has been Amazon Tern)
Sternula (formerly Sterna) superciliaris (monotypic)
Caspian Tern (ph) ______
Hydroprogne (formerly Sterna) caspia
Royal Tern (*) (ph) ______ MB
Thalasseus (formerly Sterna) m. maxima
Sandwich Tern (ph) ______
Thalasseus (formerly Sterna) sandvicensis
Cayenne Tern ______
Thalasseus (formerly Sterna) eurygnatha
Bridled Tern (ph) ______
Onychopion (formerly Sterna) anaethetus
Sooty Tern (ph) ______
Onychopion (formerly Sterna) fuscata
Brown Noddy ______
Anous stolidus
Black Noddy ______
Anous minutus
Black Tern (ph) ______
Chlidonias niger
Black Skimmer (*) (ph) ______ CC LL
Rynchops n. nigra
Band-tailed Pigeon (*) (ph) ______ AT BA CR
Patagioenas (formerly Columba) fasciata albilinea
Scaled Pigeon ______
Patagioenas (formerly Columba) speciosa
Scaly-naped Pigeon ______ (in Venezuela, only on offshore islands, and not commonly)
Patagioenas (formerly Columba) squamosa
Bare-eyed Pigeon (*) ______ CC FS
Patagioenas (formerly Columba) corensis (monotypic)
Pale-vented Pigeon (*) ______ AM AT BA BC LL MB
Patagioenas (formerly Columba) cayennensis
Ruddy Pigeon (*) ______ BI CR
Patagioenas (formerly Columba) subvinacea purpureotincta
Plumbeous Pigeon (*) ______ BA,CR
Patagioenas (formerly Columba) plumbea delicata
Feral Pigeon (i) (*) ______ throughout
Columba livia
Eared Dove (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA BI CC FS LL MB
Zenaida auriculata stenura
Common Ground Dove (*) (ph) ______ BA BC CC CR FS LL
Columbina passerina albivitta
Plain-breasted Ground Dove (*) ______ LL
Columbina m. minuta
Ruddy Ground Dove (*) ______ AM BC CC FS LL MB
Columbina talpacoti rufipennis
Scaled Dove (*) ______ BC FS LL MB
Columbina (or by some said to be Scardafella) squammata
Blue Ground Dove (*) ______ CR
Claravis preiosa (monotypic)
Maroon-chested Ground Dove ______
Claravis mondetoura
White-tipped Dove (*) ______ BC CC CR FS LL (was called White-fronted Dove)
Leptotila v. verreauxi
Gray-fronted Dove (*) ______ BE MB
Leptotila rufaxilla dubusi
Ruddy Quail-Dove (*) ______ AM BC BE CR
Geotrygon m. montana
Lined Quail-Dove (*) ______ CR
Geotrygon l. linearis
Violaceous Quail-Dove ______
Geotrygon violacea
Blue-and-Yellow Macaw (*) (ph) ______ LL
Ara ararauna (monotypic)

Blue-and-yellow Macaw
Military Macaw (t3) (*) ______
Ara militaris
Scarlet Macaw (*) (ph) ______ LL
Ara m. macao
Red-and-green (or Green-winged) Macaw (*) (ph) ______ BC BI FS
Ara chloroptera (monotypic)
Chestnut-fronted Macaw (*) ______ LL MB
Ara s. severus
Red-bellied Macaw ______
Orthopsittaca manilata
Red-shouldered Macaw ______
Diopsittaca nobilis
Blue-crowned Parakeet (*) ______
Aratinga acuticaudata
Scarlet-fronted Parakeet (*) ______ CR
Aratinga wagleri transilis (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
White-eyed Parakeet (*) (ph) ______ BC
Aratinga l. leucophthalmus
Brown-throated Parakeet (*) ______ AT BC BI CC FS LL MB
Aratinga pertinax venezuelae (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela, 2 on offshore islands: Tortuga & Margarita)
Blood-eared Parakeet (Ve) (*) ______ CR (also called Red-eared Parakeet)
Pyrrhura h. hoematotis (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Fiery-shouldered Parakeet (PS) ______
Pyrrhura egregia
Maroon-tailed Parakeet ______
Pyrrhura melanura
Rose-crowned Parakeet (Ve) ______ (was called Rose-headed Parakeet)
Pyrrhura rhodocephala
Painted Parakeet (*) ______ BI (closely related to, and formerly conspecific with, the Perija Parakeet, Pyrrhura caeruleiceps, of mostly Colombia, and the Venezuelan (or Maroon-faced) Parakeet (Ve). Pyrrhura emma)
Pyrrhura p. picta
Perija Parakeet ______ (was part of Painted Parakeet)
Pyrrhura caeruleiceps
Venezuelan (or Maroon-faced) Parakeet (Ve) ______ (was part of Painted Parakeet)
Pyrrhura emma
Barred Parakeet ______
Bolborhynchus lineola
Green-rumped Parrotlet (*) ______ AT BA BC BI CC FS LL MB
Forpus passerinus viridissimus
Spectacled Parrotlet ______
Forpus conspicillatus
Dusky-billed Parrotlet ______
Forpus sclateri
Orange-chinned Parakeet (*) ______ AM
Brotogeris jugularis exsul
Cobalt-winged Parakeet ______
Brotogeris cyanoptera
Golden-winged Parakeet ______
Brotogeris chrysopterus
Tepui Parrotlet (PS) (*) ______ BE
Nannopsittaca panychlora (the only other species in this genus was described only as recently as 1991, the Amazonian Parrotlet of Peru & Bolivia)
Lilac-tailed Parrotlet ______
Touit batavica
Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet ______
Touit huetii
Blue-fronted Parrotlet ______
Touit dilectissima
Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet ______
Touit purpurata
Black-headed Parrot (*) ______ BC
Pionites m. melanocephala
Saffron-headed Parrot (t3) ______
Pionopsitta pyrilia
Caica Parrot (PS) ______
Pionopsitta caica
Orange-cheeked Parrot ______
Pionopsitta barrabandi
Rusty-faced Parrot (t2) ______
Hapalopsittaca amazonina
Blue-headed Parrot ______ BC BE FS
Pionus m. menstruus
Red-billed Parrot (*) ______ CR
Pionus s. sordidus (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)
White-capped Parrot (*) ______ AT (by some merged with the Speckle-faced Parrot, Pionus tumultuosus, of Peru & Bolivia)
Pionus seniloides
Bronze-winged Parrot ______
Pionus chalcopterus
Dusky Parrot (PS) ______
Pionus fuscus
Red-lored Amazon ______
Amazona autumnalis
Blue-cheeked Amazon (nt) ______
Amazona dufresniana
Festive Amazon (*) ______ LL
Amazona festiva bodini
Yellow-shouldered Amazon (t3) (*) ______ FS
Amazona b. barbadensis (monotypic)
Yellow-crowned Amazon (*) ______ BI BC CC FS LL MB
Amazona o. ochrocephala
Orange-winged Amazon (*) ______ AM BA BE BI LL MB
Amazona a. amazonica
Scaly-naped Amazon ______
Amazona mercenaria
Mealy Amazon (*) ______ BC BI
Amazona f. farinosa
Red-fan (or Hawk-headed) Parrot (*) (ph) ______ BE
Deroptyus accipitrinus (the single member of its genus)

Red-fan Parrot
Greater Ani (*) ______ LL MB
Crotophaga major (monotypic)
Smooth-billed Ani (*) (ph) ______ AM BA BC BE CC FS LL MB
Crotophaga ani (monotypic)
Groove-billed Ani (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA LL
Crotophaga sulcirostris (now monotypic)
Dwarf Cuckoo (*) ______ LL MB
Coccycua pumilus (monotypic)
Dark-billed Cuckoo (*) ______ LL
Coccyzus melacoryphus (monotypic)
Black-billed Cuckoo ______
Coccyzus erythropthalmus
Yellow-billed Cuckoo ______
Coccyzus americanus
Pearly-breasted Cuckoo ______
Coccyzus euleri
Mangrove Cuckoo (ph) ______
Coccyzus minor
Gray-capped Cuckoo ______
Coccyzus lansbergi
Squirrel Cuckoo (*) (ph) ______ AT BE BI FS MB
Piaya cayana mehleri
Black-bellied Cuckoo ______
Piaya melanogaster
Little Cuckoo (*) ______ BI FS
Coccycua m. minuta
Striped Cuckoo (*) ______ AM BA BI CR LL
Tapera n. naevia (the single member of its genus)
Pheasant Cuckoo ______
Dromococcyx phasianellus
Rufous-winged Ground Cuckoo (PS) ______
Neomorphus rufipennis
Hoatzin (*) (ph) ______ LL
Opisthocomus hoazin (monotypic, and the single member of its genus & family)

A Hoatzin photographed during a FONT tour in Venezuela
(photo by Alan Brady)
Barn Owl (*) (ph) ______ LL
Tyto alba hellmayri
Foothill Screech Owl ______ (was part of the Vermiculated, or Variable, Screech Owl) (PS)
Megascops (formerly Otus) roraimae
Tropical Screech Owl (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BC
Megascops (formerly Otus) choliba crucigerus

Tropical Screech Owl
Rufescent Screech Owl ______
Megascops (formerly Otus) ingens
Tawny-bellied Screech Owl ______
Megascops (formerly Otus) watsonii
White-throated Screech Owl (*) ______ AM
Megascops (formerly Otus) albogularis (2 subspecies in west VE: M. a. obscurus, more northerly, & M. a. meridensis
Great Horned Owl (*) (ph) ______ LL
Bubo virginianus nacurutu
Crested Owl ______
Lophostrix cristata
Spectacled Owl (*) (ph) ______ LL
Pulsitrix p. perspicillata
Black-and-white Owl ______
Strix nigrolineata
Black-banded Owl ______
Strix huhula
Mottled Owl ______
Strix virgata
Rufous-banded Owl ______
Strix albitarsis
Andean Pygmy Owl (*) ______ AM
Glaucidium jardinii (now monotypic)
Ferruginous Pygmy Owl (*) (ph) ______ BA LL
Glaucidium brasilianum phalaenoides

Ferruginous Pygmy Owl
(photo by DickTipton)
Amazonian Pygmy Owl ______ (in Venezuela, was thought to be part of the Least Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium minutissimum, now in Brazil)
Glaucidium hardyi
Burrowing Owl (*) (ph) ______ LL
Athene cunicuaria apurensis (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Striped Owl (ph) ______
Asio clamator
Stygian Owl ______
Asio stygius
Short-eared Owl (*) (ph) ______ LL
Asio flammeus pallidicaudus
Buff-fronted Owl ______
Aegolius harrisii
Oilbird ______
Steatornis caripensis
Great Potoo (*) ______ LL
Nyctibius g. grandis
Long-tailed Potoo ______
Nyctibius aethereus
Common (or Gray) Potoo (*) (ph) ______ LL
Nyctibius g. griseus

A Common Potoo roosting by day
(photo by Armas Hill)
Short-tailed (or Semicollared) Nighthawk (*) ______ BI CR
Lurocalis s. semitorquatus
Rufous-bellied Nighthawk ______
Lurocalis rufiventris
Least Nighthawk ______
Chordeiles pusillus
Lesser Nighthawk (*) ______ BC LL
Chordeiles a. acutipennis
Common Nighthawk ______
Chordeiles minor
Sand-colored Nighthawk ______
Chodeiles rupestris
Band-tailed Nighthawk (*) ______ LL
Nyctiprogne leucopyga pallida
Nacunda Nighthawk (*) ______ CC LL
Podager nacunda minor (the single member of its genus)
Pauraque (*) (ph) ______ FS LL
Nyctidromus albicollis (the single member of its genus)
Rufous Nightjar (*) (ph) ______ AM AT
Caprimulgus rufus minimus

A Rufous Nightjar during a FONT tour, roosting on the ground by day
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Blackish Nightjar (*) ______ BC
Caprimulgus nigrescens
Band-winged Nightjar (*) ______ AM
Caprimulgus longirostris ruficervix
Roraiman Nightjar (PS) ______
Caprimulgus whitelyi
White-tailed Nightjar (*) ______ BC LL
Caprimulgus c. cayennensis
Spot-tailed Nightjar (*) ______ LL
Caprimulgus maculicaudus (monotypic)
Little Nightjar (*) (ph) ______ LL
Caprimulgus parvulus heterurus
Ladder-tailed Nightjar ______
Hydropsalis climacocerca
Lyre-tailed Nightjar (*) ______ AM
Uropsalis l. lyra
White-collared Swift (*) ______ AT BA BC CR MB
Streptoprocne zonaris albicincta
Chestnut-collared Swift (*) ______ AM AT
Streptoprocne (has been Cypseloides) r. rutilus
Tepui Swift (PS) (*) ______ BC BE
Streptoprocne (has been Cypseloides) phelpsi (monotypic)
White-chinned Swift ______
Cypseloides cryptus
Spot-fronted Swift ______
Cypseloides cherriei
Chapman's Swift ______
Chaetura chapmani
Vaux's Swift (*) ______ AM BA CR
Chaetura vauxi andrei (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Gray-rumped Swift (*) ______ BC CR
Chaetura cinereiventris lawrencei
Band-rumped Swift (*) ______ BE
Chaetura spinicaudus latirostris
Short-tailed Swift (*) ______ BC BE CR FS MB
Chaetura b. brachyura
White-tipped Swift (*) ______ CR
Aeronautes m. montivagus
Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift (*) ______ BA CR
Panyptila c. cayennensis
Pygmy Palm Swift ______
Tachornis furcata
Neotropical (or Fork-tailed) Palm Swift (*) ______ BA BC BI CC MB
Tachornis s. squamata
Rufous-breasted Hermit (*) ______ BA BE
Glaucis h. hirsuta
Band-tailed Barbthroat ______
Threnetes ruckeri
Pale-tailed Barbthroat ______
Threnetes niger
Pale-bellied Hermit (*) ______ LL
Phaethornis a. anthophilus
Green Hermit (*) ______ AT
Phaethornis g. guy
White-bearded Hermit (*) ______ MB
Phaethornis hispidus
Western Long-tailed Hermit ______
Phaethornis longirostris
Eastern Long-tailed Hermit (*) ______ BC BE
Phaethornis s. superciliosus
Great-billed Hermit ______
Phaethornis malaris
Straight-billed Hermit (*) ______ BE
Phaethornis bourcieri whitelyi
Sooty-capped Hermit (*) ______ BA BC CR
Phaethornis a. augusti
Rupurumi Hermit ______ (was part of the Dusky-throated Hermit, a species now in southeast Brazil)
Phaethornis rupurumii
Reddish Hermit (*) ______ BE
Phaethornis ruber episcopus
Gray-chinned Hermit (*) ______ BC
Phaethornis g. griseogularis
Little Hermit ______
Phaethornis longuemareus
Stripe-throated Hermit (ph) ______
Phaethornis striigularis
Green-fronted Lancebill ______
Doryfera ludovicae
Blue-fronted Lancebill ______
Doryfera johannae
Gray-breasted Sabrewing ______
Campylopterus largipennis
Rufous-breasted Sabrewing (PS) ______
Campylopterus hyperythrus
Buff-breasted Sabrewing ______
Campylopterus duidae
White-tailed Sabrewing (nt) ______ (occurs only in northern Venezuela and on the nearby island of Tobago)
Campylopterus ensipennis
Lazuline Sabrewing (*) ______ AM CR
Campylopterus falcatus (monotypic)
White-necked Jacobin (*) (ph) ______ AT BI LL
Florisuga m. mellivora (the other subspecies restricted to Tobago Is.)

White-necked Jacobin
Brown Violetear (*) ______ CR
Colibri delphinae (now monotypic)
Green Violetear (*) (ph) ______ AM BA
Colibri thalassinus cyanotus
Sparkling Violetear (*) (ph) ______ AM BA CR
Colibri c. coruscans
Green-throated Mango ______
Anthracothorax viridigula
Green-breasted Mango (ph) ______
Anthracothorax prevostii
Black-throated Mango (*) (ph) ______ AT BA BC BE CA LL MB
Anthracothorax nigricollis (monotypic)
Fiery-tailed Awlbill ______
Avocettula (or Anthracothorax) recurvirostris
Ruby Topaz Hummingbird (*) ______ CR LL
Chrysolampis mosquitus (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Crimson Topaz (ph) ______
Topaza pella

Crimson Topaz
Fiery Topaz ______
Topaza pyra
Violet-headed Hummingbird (*) ______ AM
Klais g. guimeti
Tufted Coquette ______
Lophornis ornatus
Spangled Coquette ______
Lophornis stictolophus
Festive Coquette ______
Lophornis chalybeus
Peacock Coquette (PS) ______
Lophornis pavoninus
Black-bellied Thorntail ______
Popelairia langdorffi
Racket-tailed Coquette ______
Discosura longicauda
Blue-chinned Sapphire (*) ______ CR
Chlorostilbon n. notatus (has also been said to be in the monotypic genus, Chlorestes)
Blue-tailed Emerald (*) ______ BC BI CA CC FS LL
Chlorostilbon mellisugus caribaeus (1 of 4 subspecies in Venezuela)
Red-billed Emerald ______
Chlorostilbon gibsoni
Narrow-tailed Emerald (*) ______ AM (probably a subspecies of the Green-tailed Emerald; in an area of overlap where both occur, the Narrow-tailed & Green-tailed are virtually indistinguishable. Narrow-billed at higher elevations and more-southerly.)
Chlorostilbon s. stenurus (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Green-tailed Emerald (Ve) (*) ______ AT
Chlorostilbon alice (monotypic)
Short-tailed Emerald (*) ______ AT
Chlorostilbon p. poortmani
Violet-crowned Woodnymph (*) ______ AT LL (also called Purple-crowned Woodnymph)
Thalurania colombica rostrifera
Common (or Fork-tailed) Woodnymph (*) ______ BC BE
Thalurania f. furcata (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela)
Shining-green Hummingbird ______
Lepidopyga goudoti
Rufous-throated Sapphire ______
Hylocharis sapphirina
White-chinned Sapphire (*) ______ BA
Hylocharis cyanus viridiventris
Golden-tailed Sapphire ______
Chrysuronia oenone
White-tailed Goldenthroat (*) ______ LL
Polytmus g. guainumbi
Tepui Goldenthroat (Ve) (PS) ______
Polytmus milleri
Green-tailed Goldenthroat ______
Polytmus theresiae
Buffy Hummingbird (*) ______ FS
Leucippus f. fallax (but said by some to be monotypic)
White-chested Emerald (*) ______ BC
Amazilia b. brevirostris
Plain-bellied Emerald ______
Amazilia leucogaster
Versicolored Emerald (*) ______ LL
Amazilia versicolor hollandi
Glittering-throated Emerald (*) ______ LL
Amazilia fimbriata elegantissima (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Sapphire-spangled Emerald ______
Amazilia lactea
Copper-rumped Hummingbird ______ CA CR
Amazilia tobaci caudata (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela)
Steely-vented Hummingbird (*) ______ BA
Amazilia saucerrottei braccata
Green-bellied Hummingbird ______
Amazilia viridigaster
Copper-tailed Hummingbird (PS) ______
Amazilia cupreicauda
Rufous-tailed Hummingbird (*) (ph) ______ AM AT MB
Amazilia t. tzacatl
White-vented Plumeleteer (*) ______ AT BA
Chalybura buffonii aeneicauda
Speckled Hummingbird (*) (ph) ______ AT BA CR
Adelomyia melanogenys aeneosticta
Gould's Jewelfront ______
Heliodoxa aurescens
Violet-fronted Brilliant (*) ______ CR
Heliodoxa l. leadbeateri
Violet-browed Brilliant (PS) (*) ______ BE
Heliodoxa xanthogonys
Scissor-tailed Hummingbird (t3) (Ve) ______
Hylonympha macrocerca
Violet-chested Hummingbird (Ve) (*) ______ CR
Sternoclyta cyanopectus
Mountain Velvetbreast (*) ______ AT
Lafresnaya lafresnaya greenewalti
Bronzy Inca (*) ______ AT BA CR
Coeligena coeligena columbiana (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)
Collared Inca (*) (ph) ______ AM AT
Coeligena torquata conradii
Golden-bellied Starfrontlet ______
Coeligena bonapartei
Golden-tailed Starfrontlet (Ve) (*) ______ AM AT (this population in the Venezuelan Andes was formerly considered a subspecies of the Golden-bellied Starfrontlet, Coeligena bonapartei, of mostly ne Colombia)
Coeligena eos
Blue-throated Starfrontlet ______
Coeligena helianthea
Sword-billed Hummingbird (*) (ph) ______ AM AT
Ensifera ensifera (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

Sword-billed Hummingbird
Buff-tailed Coronet ______
Boissonneaua flavescens
Orange-throated Sunangel (*) ______ AM AT
Heliangelus mavors (monotypic)
Longuemare's Sunangel (*) ______ AM (includes Merida Sunangel (Ve) previously regarded as a distinct species) (closely related to Amethyst-throated Sunangel of Ecuador to Bolivia; 2 subspecies of the Longuemare's Sunangel were previously regarded as subspecies of the Amethyst-throated)
Heliangelus clarisse spencei ("Merida Sunangel")
Coppery-bellied Puffleg (nt) ______
Eriocnemis cupreoventris
Glowing Puffleg (*) ______ AT
Eriocnemis v. vestita
Booted Racket-tail (*) ______ CR (A more appropriate name would be Racket-tailed Puffleg, as there are parrots in southeast Asia (the Philippines) called "Racket-tails".)
Ocreatus underwoodii polystictus (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela) (the single member of its genus)
Purple-backed Thornbill ______
Ramphomicron microhynchum
Tyrian Metaltail (*) ______ AM AT CR
Metallura tyrianthina oreopola (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)
Perija Metaltail (t3) ______
Metallura iracunda
Bronze-tailed Thornbill ______
Chalcostigma heteropogon
Bearded Helmetcrest (*) ______ AM
Oxypogon guerinii lindenii (the single member of its genus)
Long-tailed Sylph (*) ______ AM CR
Aglaiocercus kingi margarethae (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)
Venezuelan Sylph (Ve) ______
Aglaiocercus berlepschi
Wedge-billed Hummingbird ______
Schistes geoffroyi
Long-billed Starthroat ______
Heliomaster longirostris
Black-eared Fairy (*) ______ BC BE LL
Heliothryx a. auritus
Amethyst Woodstar (*) ______ BA BI
Calliphlox amethystina (monotypic)
Gorgeted Woodstar (*) ______ AT
Chaetocercus h. heliodor
Rufous-shafted Woodstar (*) ______ CR
Chaetocercus jourdanii (3 subspecies in Venezuela)
Crested Quetzal ______
Pharomachrus antisianus
White-tipped Quetzal (*) ______ CR
Pharomachrus f. fulgidus
Golden-headed Quetzal ______
Pharomachrus auriceps
Pavonine Quetzal ______
Pharomachrus pavoninus
Black-tailed Trogon ______
Trogon melanurus
Amazonian White-tailed Trogon (*) (ph) ______ BC
Trogon v. viridis
Collared Trogon (*) ______ BE BI CR
Trogon collaris exoptatus
Masked Trogon (*) ______ AM BA BE
Trogon p, personatus (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Black-throated Trogon ______
Trogon rufus
Gartered Trogon (ph) ______ (was part of Violaceous Trogon)
Trogon caligatus
Violaceous Trogon ______
Trogon violaceus
Ringed Kingfisher (*) (ph) ______ AM BA BE BI FS LL MB
Megaceryle (formerly Ceryle) t. torquata
Belted Kingfisher (ph) ______
Megoceryle alcyon
Amazon Kingfisher (*) ______ BA BE BI FS LL
Chloroceryle a. amazona (said by some to be monotypic)
Green Kingfisher (*) (ph) ______ BE LL
Chloroceryle a. americana
Green-and-rufous Kingfisher (*) ______ LL
Chloroceryle inda (monotypic)
American Pygmy Kingfisher (*) (ph) ______ LL MB
Chloroceryle a. aenea
Blue-crowned Motmot (*) (ph) ______ BC CR
Motmotus motmotus osgoodi
Motmotus m. momota (south of the Orinoco River)
Pale-headed Jacamar (*) ______ BA
Brachygalba goeringi
Brown Jacamar ______
Brachygalba lugubris
Yellow-billed Jacamar ______
Galbula albirostris
Rufous-tailed Jacamar (*) (ph) ______ CA CR LL MB
Galbula r. ruficauda
Green-tailed Jacamar (*) ______ BC
Galbula galbula (monotypic)
Bronzy Jacamar ______
Galbula leucogastra
Paradise Jacamar (*) ______ BE
Galbula d. dea
Great Jacamar ______
Jacamerops aureus
Swallow-winged Puffbird (*) ______ BC BE
Chelidoptera t. tenebrosa (the single member of its genus)
White-necked Puffbird ______
Notharchus macrohynchos
Brown-banded Puffbird ______
Notharchus ordii
Pied Puffbird ______
Notharchus tectus
Chestnut-capped Puffbird ______
Bucco macrodactylus
Spotted Puffbird ______
Bucco tamatia
Collared Puffbird ______
Bucco capensis
Russet-throated Puffbird (*) (ph) ______ BC MB
Hypnelus (or Bucco) ruficollis bicinctus (6 subspecies in Venezuela; 5 on the mainland & 1 on the offshore Margarita Island) (H. bicinctus in north & east VE are double-banded; H. ruficollis in the Maracaibo area is single-banded. These have been considered separate species.)

Russet-throated Puffbird
(photo by Alan Brady during a FONT tour in Venezuela)
White-chested Puffbird ______
Malacoptila fusca
Moustached Puffbird ______
Malacoptila mystacalis
Rusty-breasted Nunlet ______
Nonnula rubecula
Black Nunbird (*) ______ BC BE
Monasa atra (monotypic)
White-fronted Nunbird ______
Monasa morphoeus
Black-spotted Barbet ______
Capito niger
Gilded Barbet ______
Capito auratus
Red-headed Barbet (*) ______ BA
Eubucco b. bourcierii
Groove-billed Toucanet (*) ______ CR
Aulacorhynchus s. sulcatus
Yellow-billed Toucanet (*) ______ BA (has been part of Groove-billed Toucanet)
Aulacorhynchus calorhynchus
Emerald Toucanet (*) (ph) ______ AM
Aulacorhynchus prasinus albivitta
Chestnut-tipped Toucanet ______
Aulacorhynchus derbianus
Crimson-rumped Toucanet ______
Aulacorhynchus haematopygus
Guianan Toucanet ______
Selenidera culik
Tawny-tufted Toucanet ______
Selenidera nattereri
Collared Aracari (ph) ______
Pteroglossus torquatus
Black-necked Aracari (*) ______ BC BE
Pteroglossus aracari roraimae
Many-banded Aracari ______
Pteroglossus pluricinctus
Ivory-billed Aracari ______
Pteroglossus azara
Green Aracari (*) ______ BE
Pteroglossus v. viridis
Black-billed Mountain Toucan ______
Andigena nigrirostris
Keel-billed Toucan (ph) ______
Ramphastos sulfuratus
Citron-throated Toucan ______
Ramphastos citreolaemus
Channel-billed Toucan (*) (ph) ______ BC BE
Ramphastos vitellinus (includes 2 subspecies that were formerly considered distinct species:
Ramphastos vitellinus culminatus (the former Yellow-ridged Toucan)
Ramphastos v. vitellinus
Black-mandibled Toucan (*) ______ AT (has been considered by some as conspecific with the Chestnut-mandibled Toucan of Central Ameria & western Colombia.)
Ramphastos ambiguus abbreviatus
White-throated Toucan (*) ______ BC BE
Ramphastos tucanus (includes 2 subspecies that were formerly considered distinct species:
Ramphastos tucanus cuveri (the former Cuvier's Toucan)
Ramphastos t. tucanus (the former Red-billed Toucan)
Spot-breasted Woodpecker (*) ______ AT LL
Chrysoptilus punctigula punctipectus
Crimson-mantled Woodpecker (*) ______ AM
Piculus rivolii meridae (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

Crimson-mantled Woodpecker
Golden-olive Woodpecker (*) (ph) ______ AM CR
Piculus rubiginosus meridensis
Yellow-throated Woodpecker ______
Piculus flavigula
Golden-green Woodpecker ______
Piculus chrysochloros
Chestnut Woodpecker ______
Celeus elegans
Scale-breasted Woodpecker ______
Celeus grammicus
Waved Woodpecker ______
Celeus undatus
Cream-colored Woodpecker ______
Celeus flavus
Ringed Woodpecker ______
Celeus torquatus
Lineated Woodpecker (*) ______ BC BI
Dryocopus l. lineatus
Yellow-tufted Woodpecker (*) ______ AT BC BE BI
Melanerpes cruentatus (monotypic)
Red-crowned Woodpecker (*) ______ AM AT BA BI CA CR LL
Melanerpes r. rubricapillus (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela; the other with a limited range in north VE, the Paraguana Peninsula)
Smoky-brown Woodpecker (*) ______ CR
Veniliornis fumigatus reichenbachi
Little Woodpecker (*) ______ AT
Veniliornis passerinus modestus
Red-rumped Woodpecker (*) ______ LL
Veniliornis kirkii continentalis (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela; the other restricted to Mt. Roraima)
Red-stained Woodpecker ______
Veniliornis affinis
Golden-collared Woodpecker (*) ______ BE
Veniliornis cassini (monotypic)
Yellow-vented Woodpecker ______
Veniliornis dignus
Crimson-crested Woodpecker (*) (ph) ______ BA BC LL
Campephilus melanoleucos malherbii
Red-necked Woodpecker (*) ______ BE
Campephilus r. rubricollis
Powerful Woodpecker ______
Campephilus pollens
Scaled Piculet (*) ______ AT BA CR
Picumnus squamulatus roehli (1 of 4 subspecies in Venezuela)
White-bellied Piculet ______
Picumnus spilogaster
Olivaceous Piculet (*) ______ AT CA
Picumnus olivaceus tachirensis (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Chestnut Piculet ______
Picumnus cinnamomeus
Black-dotted Piculet (Ve) ______
Picumnus nigropunctatus
Golden-spangled Piculet (*) ______ BE
Picumnus exilis undulatus (1 of 3 subspecies in Venezuela)
Olive Manakin (PS) ______
Chloropipo uniformis
Golden-winged Manakin ______
Masius chrysopterus
Western Striped Manakin (*) ______ BA
Machaeropterus striolatus aureopectus
Fiery-capped Manakin ______
Machaeropterus pyrocephalus
Black Manakin ______
Xenopipo atronitens
Lance-tailed Manakin (*) ______ CR
Chiroxiphia lanceolata
Blue-backed Manakin ______
Chiroxiphia pareola
White-bearded Manakin (*) (ph) ______ BC
Manacus manacus

White-bearded Manakin
White-throated Manakin ______
Corapipo guttualis
White-ruffed Manakin ______
Corapipo leucorrhoa
Wire-tailed Manakin (*) (ph) ______ BA LL
Pipra f. filicauda

Wire-tailed Manakin
Crimson-hooded Manakin ______
Pipra aureola
Scarlet-horned Manakin (PS) ______
Pipra cornuta
Golden-headed Manakin (*) ______ BC
Pipra e. erythrocephala
White-crowned Manakin (*) ______ BC
Dixiphia (formerly Pipra) p. pipra
Blue-crowned Manakin ______
Lepidothrix coronata
Orange-bellied Manakin (PS) ______
Lepidothrix suavissima
Yellow-crested Manakin ______
Hewterocercus flavivertex
Black-tailed Tityra (*) ______ BA BC CR
Tityra c. cayana
Masked Tityra (*) ______ CR
Tityra semifasciata columbiana
Black-crowned Tityra (*) ______ BC BI CR
Tityra inquisitor erythrogenys
Thrush-like Schiffornis ______
Schiffornis turdinus
Varzea Schiffornis ______
Schiffornis major
White-naped Xenopsaris ______
Xenopsaris albinucha
Green-backed Becard ______
Pachyramphus viridis
Barred Becard ______
Pachyramphus versicolor
Cinereous Becard (*) ______ AT
Pachyramphus r. rufus
Chestnut-crowned Becard (*) ______ CR
Pachyramphus castaneus intermedius (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Cinnamon Becard ______
Pachyramphus castaneus
White-winged Becard (*) ______ BI
Pachramphus polychopterus tristis
Black-capped Becard (*) ______ BC
Pachramphus marginatus nanus
Black-and-white Becard (*) ______ BA CR
Pachramphus a. albogriseus
Pink-throated Becard ______
Platypsaris minor
One-colored Becard ______
Platypsaris homochrous
Red-crested Cotinga ______
Ampelion rubrocristatus
Barred Fruiteater ______
Pipreola arcuata
Green-and-black Fruiteater ______
Pipreola riefferii
Golden-breasted Fruiteater ______
Pipreola aureopectus
Handsome Fruiteater (Ve) (*) (ph) ______ CR
Pipreola f. formosa

A Handsome Fruiteater photographed during a FONT tour.
A brightly-colored bird in the recesses of a dark forest.
Red-banded Fruiteater (PS) ______
Pipreola whitelyi
Scaled Fruiteater ______
Ampelioides tschudii
Sharpbill (*) ______ BE
Oxyruncus cristatus (the single member of its genus)
White-browed Purpletuft ______
Iodopleura isabellae
Dusky Purpletuft ______
Isdopleura fusca
Andean Laniisoma ______ (has been called Shrike-like Cotinga and Elegant Mourner)
Laniisoma buckleyi
Purple-breasted Cotinga (PS) ______
Cotinga cotinga
Spangled Cotinga (PS) ______
Cotinga cayana
Pompadour Cotinga (PS) ______
Xipholena punicea
White Bellbird (PS) (*) ______ BE
Procnias a. albus
Bearded Bellbird (PS) (*) ______ BE
Procnias averano carnobarba
Screaming Piha (*) ______ BE BI
Lipaugus vociferans (monotypic)
Rose-collared Piha (PS) ______
Lipaugus streptophorus
Cinnamon Mourner ______
Laniocera hypopyrra
Purple-throated Fruitcrow (*) ______ BI
Querula purpurata (monotypiic, and the single member of its genus)
Red-ruffed Fruitcrow (*) ______ CR
Pyroderus scutatus (the single member of its genus)
Bare-necked Fruitcrow (*) ______ BE
Gymnoderus foetidus (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Amazonian Umbrellabird ______
Cephalopterus ornatus
Black-necked Red Cotinga ______
Phoenicircus nigricollis
Guianan Red Cotinga ______
Phoenicircus carifex
Guianan Cock-of-the-Rock (PS) (*) ______ BC BE
Rupicola rupicola (monotypic)
Andean Cock-of-the-Rock (*) (ph) ______ BA
Rupicola peruviana aequatorialis

Andean Cock-of-the-Rock
Capuchinbird (PS) (*) ______ BE
Perissocephalus tricolor
Wing-barred Piprites (*) ______ CR (at one time called Wing-barred Manakin, but not a manakin)
Piprites chloris chlorion
Sreak-throated Bush-Tyrant (*) ______ AM
Myiotheretes s. striaticollis
Smoky Bush Tyrant ______
Myiotheretes fumigatus
Drab Water Tyrant ______
Ochthornis littoralis
Blackish Chat-Tyrant ______
Ochthoeca nigrita
Slaty-backed Chat-Tyrant ______
Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris
Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant ______
Ochthoeca rufipectoralis
Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant (*) ______ AM AT
Ochthoeca fumicolor superciliosa
Yellow-bellied Chat-Tyrant (*) ______ AM
Ochthoeca diadema (3 subspecies in Venezuela)
Black Phoebe (*) ______ AM AT
Sayornis nigricans angustirostris
Rufous-tailed Tyrant (*) ______ AT
Knipolegus poecilurus venezuelanus
Riverside Tyrant ______
Knipolegus orenocensis
Amazonian Black Tyrant ______
Knipolegus poecilocercus
Pied Water Tyrant (*) ______ FS LL MB
Fluvicola p. pica
White-headed Marsh Tyrant (*) (ph) ______ BI LL
Arundinicola leucocephala (monotypic)
Vermilion Flycatcher (*) (ph) ______ BI CC FS LL MB
Pyrocephalus rubinus (the single member of its genus)
Yellow-browed Tyrant (*) ______ LL
Satrapa icterophrys (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Long-tailed Tyrant (ph) ______
Colonia colonus

Long-tailed Tyrant
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Cattle Tyrant (*) (ph) ______ BI FS LL MB
Machetornis rixosa (the single member of its genus)
Fork-tailed Flycatcher (*) (ph) ______ BC BE BI LL MB
Tyrannus savana monachus
Eastern Kingbird (ph) ______
Tyrannus tyrannus
Tropical Kingbird (*) (ph) ______ all regions
Tyrannus m. melancholicus
White-throated Kingbird (ph) ______
Tyrannus albogularis

White-throated Kingbird
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Gray Kingbird (*) (ph) ______ CA FS LL
Tyrannus d. dominicensis
Crowned Slaty Flycatcher ______
Griseotyrannus aurantioatrocristatus
Sulphury Flycatcher ______
Tyrannopsis sulphurea
Variegated Flycatcher (*) ______ BA
Empidonomus varius rufinus
Piratic Flycatcher (*) ______ BA LL
Legatus l. leucophaius (the single member of its genus)
Boat-billed Flycatcher (*) ______ BA BC CC CR
Megarhynchus p. pitangua (the single member of its genus)
Streaked Flycatcher (*) (ph) ______ BA BC BE BI CR LL MB
Mylodynastes maculatus difficilis
Golden-crowned Flycatcher (*) ______ BA
Myiodynastes chrysocephalus cinerascens
Lemon-browed Flycatcher ______
Conopias cinchoneti
Yellow-throated Flycatcher ______
Conopias parva
Three-striped Flycatcher ______
Conopias trivirgata
Rusty-margined Flycatcher (*) ______ BA BC LL CR
Myiozetetes cayanensis rufipennis
Social Flycatcher (*) (ph) ______ all regions
Myiozetetes similis columbianus

Social Flycatcher
(photo by Alan Brady)
Gray-capped Flycatcher ______
Myiozetetes granadensis
Dusky-chested Flycatcher ______
Myiozetetes luteiventris
White-bearded Flycatcher (Ve) (*) ______ LL
Phelpsia inornata (monotypic, and the single member of its genus; formerly in the genus Myiozetetes, then Conopias)
Great Kiskadee (*) (ph) ______ all regions
Pitangus sulphuratus (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Lesser Kiskadee (*) ______ LL MB
Pitangus (formerly Philohydor) l. lictor
Bright-rumped Attila (*) (ph) ______ CR
Attila spadiceus parvirostris
Citron-bellied Attila (*) ______ BC
Attila citriniventris
Cinnamon Attila ______
Attila cinnamomeus
Grayish Mourner ______
Rhytipterna simplex
Pale-bellied Mourner ______
Rhytipterna immunda
Eastern Sirystes ______
Sirystes sibilator
Short-crested Flycatcher (*) ______ CC
Myiarchus ferox brunnescens
Swainson's Flycatcher _____
Myiarchus swainsoni
Venezuelan Flycatcher (Vqe) (*) ______ FS
Myiarchus venezuelensis
Panama Flycatcher ______
Myiarchus panamensis
Pale-edged Flycatcher (*) ______ BA
Myiarchus cephalotes caribbaeus
Brown-crested Flycatcher (*) ______ AT LL
Myiarchus tyrannulus
Great Crested Flycatcher (ph) ______
Myiarchus crinitus
Dusky-capped Flycatcher (*) (ph) ______ BA BE
Myiarchus tuberculifer
Cinnamon Flycatcher (*) ______ AT CR
Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea vieillotioides
Flavescent Flycatcher (*) ______ BA
Myiophobus flavicans venezuelanus
Roraiman Flycatcher (PS) ______
Myiophobus roraimae
Bran-colored Flycatcher (*) ______ CC CR
Myiophobus fasiatus
Dwarf Tyranneutes ______ (has been called Dwarf Tyrant-Manakin)
Tyranneutes stolzmanni
Tiny Tyranneutes ______ (has been called Tiny Tyrant-Manakin)
Tyranneutes virescens
Saffron-crested Neopelma ______ (has been called Saffron-crested Tyrant-Manakin)
Neopelma chrysocephalum
Cliff Flycatcher (*) (ph) ______ BE
Hirundinea f. ferruginea
Tropical Pewee (ph) ______
Contopus cinereus
Eastern Wood Pewee ______
Contopus virens
Western Wood Pewee ______
Contopus sordidulus
Smoke-colored Pewee (*) ______ AM BE CR
Contopus fumigatus cineraceus
Olive-sided Flycatcher (nt) ______
Contopus cooperi (formerly borealis)
Alder Flycatcher ______
Empidonax alnorum
Acadian Flycatcher ______
Empidonax virescens
Euler's Flycatcher ______
Lathrotriccus euleri
Fuscous Flycatcher (*) ______ AT CA
Cnemotriccus fuscatus (the single member of its genus)
Whiskered Myiobius ______ (has been called Whiskered Flycatcher; was part of the Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher, which is now west of Andes, not in Venezuela)
Myiobius barbatus
Black-tailed Myiobius ______ (has been called Black-tailed Flycatcher)
Myiobius atricaudus
Tawny-breasted Myiobius (*) ______ AT (has been called Tawny-breasted Flycatcher)
Myiobius villosus schaeferi
Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher ______
Terenotriccus erythrurus
Cinnamon Neopipo ______
Neopipo cinnamomea
Northern Royal Flycatcher (ph) ______
Onychorhynchus mexicanus

Northern Royal Flycatcher
Amazonian Royal Flycatcher ______
Onychorhynchus coronatus
White-crested Spadebill ______
Platyrinchus platyrhynchos
Yellow-throated Spadebill ______
Platyinchus flavigularis
Cinnamon-crested Spadebill ______
Platyinchus saturatus
White-throated Spadebill (*) ______ BI
Platyrinchus mystaceus insularis
Golden-crowned Spadebill ______
Platyinchus coronatus
Yellow-olive Flatbill (*) ______ AT FS (formerly called Yellow-olive Flycatcher)
Tolmomyias sulphurescens exortivus
Zimmer's Flatbill ______ (formerly called Yellow-margined Flycatcher)
Tolmomyias assimilis
Gray-crowned Flatbill ______
Tolmomyias poliocephalus
Ochre-lored Flatbill (*) ______ CC CR MB (formerly called Yellow-breasted Flycatcher; birds south from south Peru are now considered a separate species, the Olive-faced Flatbill, Tolmomyias viridiceps)
Tolmomyias flaviventris
Bamboo Flatbill ______ (has been called Large-billed Flatbill)
Ramphotrogon megacephala
Rufous-tailed Flatbill ______
Ramphotrogon ruficauda
Olivaceous Flatbill (*) ______ BC CC MB
Rhynchocyclus olivaceus (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Common Tody-Flycatcher (*) ______ AM BA FS LL MB
Todirostrum c. cinereum
Spotted Tody-Flycatcher ______
Todirostrum maculatum
Maracaibo Tody-Flycatcher (nt) (Ve) (*) ______ FS (was once called the Short-tailed Tody-Flycatcher; and it was also once considered by some to be a subspecies of the Common Tody-Flycatcher. Regarding its tail, it is shorter than that of the Common Tody-Flycatcher, but no shorter than the tail of T. pictum, the Painted Tody-Flycatcher, which also occurs in Venezuela.)
Todirostrum viridanum
Painted Tody-Flycatcher ______
Todirostrum pictum
Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher ______
Todirostrum nigriceps
Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher (*) (ph) ______ BA
Poecilotriccus s. sylvia (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)

Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Rufous-crowned Tody-Flycatcher ______
Poecilotriccus ruficeps
Ruddy Tody-Flycatcher (PS) ______
Poecilotriccus russatum
Black-chested Tyrant ______
Taeniotriccus andrei (has been placed in the genus Poecilotriccus)
Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant ______
Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer
White-eyed Tody-Tyrant ______
Hemitriccus zosterops
Snethlage's Tody-Tyrant ______
Hemitriccus minor
Black-throated Tody-Tyrant ______
Hemitriccus granadensis
Scale-crested Pygmy Tyrant ______
Lophotriccus pileatus
Helmeted Pygmy Tyrant ______
Lophotriccus galeatus
Pale-eyed Pygmy Tyrant (*) ______ CC CR LL
Lophotriccus pilaris venezuelensis
Tawny-crowned Pygmy Tyrant ______
Euscarthmus meloryphus
Short-tailed Pygmy Tyrant ______
Myiornis ecaudatus
Ringed Antpipit ______
Corythopis torquata
Marble-faced Bristle Tyrant (*) ______ CR
Pogonotriccus (or Phylloscartes) ophthalmicus purus
Variegated Bristle Tyrant (*) ______ AM
Pogonotriccus (or Phylloscartes) poecilotis pifanoi
Chapman's Bristle Tyrant (PS) (*) ______ BC
Pogonotriccus (or Phylloscartes) chapmani duidae (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Venezuelan Bristle Tyrant (nt) (Ve) (*) ______ CR
Pogonotriccus (or Phylloscartes) venezuelanus (monotypic)
Rufous-lored Tyrannulet (Ve) (*) ______ CR
Phylloscartes flaviventris (formerly in genus Pogonotriccus, and was called Yellow-bellied Bristle-Tyrant)
Black-fronted Tyrannulet (PS) ______
Phylloscartes nigrifrons
Rufous-browed Tyrannulet ______
Phylloscartes superciliaris
Crested Doradito ______
Pseudocolopteryx sclateri
Bearded Tachuri (nt) ______
Polystictus pectoralis
Agile Tit-Tyrant (*) ______ AT
Uromyias agilis (monotypic)
Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant ______
Stigmatura napensis

The Lesser Wagtail Tyrant was first found in Venezuela in June 1996, when it was tape-recorded on a small Orinoco River island a few miles upriver from the Camturama Lodge, in Amazonas. Several specimens were taken there in May 1999.
The bird is a specialist of young, regenerating, and bushy vegetation on river islands.

More recently, in 2007, a wagtail-tyrant was found on a lower Orinoco River island in the Delta Amacuro - either a new, yet unnamed species, or representing a significant range extension of the Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant. The bird was photographed.
(See also notes below with the Rio Orinoco Spinetail and the "Delta Amacuro Softail").
Yellow Tyrannulet (*) ______ LL
Capsiempis flaveola cerulus (the single member of its genus)
Torrent Tyrannulet (*) ______ AM AT
Serpophaga c. cinera
River Tyrannulet ______
Serpophaga hypoleuca
Pale-tipped Inezia (*) ______ BA (has been called Pale-tipped Tyrannulet; at that time with a wider range, that species included the current Amazonian Inezia)
Inezia caudata
Amazonian Inezia ______
Inezia subflava
Slender-billed Inezia (*) ______ FS (has been called Slender-billed Tyrannulet) (restricted to N Colombia & NW Venezuela)
Inezia tenuirostris (monotypic)
White-banded Tyrannulet ______
Mecocerculus stictopterus
White-throated Tyrannulet (*) ______ AM AT CR
Mecocerculus leucophrys palliditergum
Yellow-bellied Elaenia (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA BC CC FS LL MB
Elaenia flavogaster
Lesser Elaenia ______
Elaenia chiriquensis
Sierran Elaenia ______
Elaenia pallatangae
Small-billed Elaenia (*) ______ BC LL
Elaenia parvirostris (monotypic)
Plain-crested Elaenia (*) ______ BE
Elaenia c. cristata
Mountain Elaenia (*) ______ AM AT CR
Elaenia frantzii
Rufous-crowned Elaenia ______
Elaenia ruficeps
Slaty Elaenia ______
Elaenia strepera
Great Elaenia (Ve) (PS) (*) ______ BE
Elaenia d. dayi
Gray Elaenia ______
Myiopagis caniceps
Forest Elaenia ______
Myiopagis gaimardii
Yellow-crowned Elaenia ______
Myiopagis flavivertex
Greenish Elaenia ______
Myiopagis viridicata
Northern Scrub Flycatcher (*) ______ FS
Sublegatus arenarum glaber
Amazonian Scrub Flycatcher ______
Sublegatus obscurior
Mouse-colored Tyrannulet (*) ______ CR LL
Phaeomylas murina
Southern Beardless Tyrannulet (*) ______ BC CA CC FS LL
Camptostoma obsoletum
Brown-capped Tyrannulet ______
Ornithion brunneicapillum
White-lored Tyrannulet ______
Ornithion inerme
White-fronted Tyrannulet ______
Phyllomyias zeledoni
Sooty-headed Tyrannulet ______
Phyllomyias griseiceps
Ulrich's Tyrannulet (t2) ______
Phyllomyias urichi
Black-capped Tyrannulet (*) ______ AT
Phyllomyias nigrocapillus aureus
Tawny-rumped Tyrannulet ______
Phyllomyias uropygialis
Venezuelan Tyrannulet (*) ______ AT BI CR (formerly part of an expanded Paltry Tyrannulet; that species now restricted to Central America)
Zimmerius improbus
Golden-faced Tyrannulet (*) ______ BA
Zimmerius chrysops cumanensis
Slender-footed Tyrannulet ______
Zimmerius gracilipes
Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet (*) ______ CC
Tyrannulus e. elatus
Rufous-breasted Flycatcher ______
Leptopogon rufipectus
Sepia-capped Flycatcher (ph) ______
Leptopogon amaurocephalus

Sepia-capped Flycatcher
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Slaty-capped Flycatcher (*) ______ BA
Leptopogon superciliaris venezuelensis
Olive-striped Flycatcher (*) ______ BA
Mionectes olivaceus venezuelanus
Ochre-bellied Flycatcher (*) ______ CR MB
Mionectes oleagineus chloronotus
McConnell's Flycatcher (*) ______ BE
Mionectes macconnelli mercedesfosterae
Fasciated Antshrike ______
Cymbilaimus lineatus
Black-throated Antshrike ______
Frederickena viridis
Great Antshrike (ph) ______
Taraba major
Black-crested Antshrike (*) ______ CC FS
Sakesphorus canadensis intermedius
Black-backed Antshrike ______
Sakesphorus melanonotus
Barred Antshrike (*) (ph) ______ AM CA CR LL
Thamnophilus doliatus fraterculus

Barred Antshrike
(photo by Alan Brady)
Bar-crested Antshrike ______
Thamnophilus multistriatus
Blackish-gray Antshrike ______
Thamnophilus nigrocinereus
White-shouldered Antshrike ______
Thamnophilus aethiops
Mouse-colored Antshrike (*) ______ BC
Thamnophilus m.murinus
Western Slaty Antshrike ______
Thamnophilus atrinucha
Guianan Slaty Antshrike (*) ______ BC
Thamnophilus p. punctatus
Amazonian Antshrike ______
Thamnophilus amazonicus
Streak-backed Antshrike (Ve) (PS) ______
Thamnophilus insignis
Pearly Antshrike ______
Megastictus margaritatus
Spot-winged Antshrike ______
Pygiptila stellaris
Russet Antshrike ______
Thamnistes anabatinus
Plain Antvireo (*) ______ BA CC CR
Dysithamnus mentalis cumbreanus
Venezuelan Antvireo (Ve) ______ (has been erroneously put in the genus Thamnomanes, and was then called Plumbeous Antshrike)
Dysithamnus tucuyensis
Dusky-throated Antshrike ______
Thamnomanes ardesiacus
Cinereous Antshrike ______
Thamnomanes caesius
Pygmy Antwren ______
Myrmotherula brachyura
Yellow-throated Antwren ______
Myrmotherula ambigua
Guianan Streaked Antwren ______
Myrmotherula surinamensis
Amazonian Streaked Antwren ______
Myrmotherula multostriata
Cherrie's Antwren ______
Myrmotherula cherriei
Rufous-bellied Antwren ______
Myrmotherula guttata
Brown-bellied Antwren ______
Myrmotherula gutturalis
Stipple-throated Antwren (*) ______ BC
Myrmotherula haematonota pyrrhonota
White-flanked Antwren (*) ______ CR
Myrmotherula a. axillaris
Slaty Antwren (*) ______ CR
Myrmotherula schisticolor sanctaemartae
Long-winged Antwren ______
Myrmotherula longipennis
Plain-winged Antwren ______
Myrmotherula behni
Gray Antwren _____
Myrmotherula menetriesii
Spot-tailed Antwren ______
Herpsilochmus sticturus
Todd's Antwren ______
Herpsilochmus stictocephalus
Spot-backed Antwren ______
Herpsilochmus dorsimaculatus
Roraiman Antwren (PS) ______
Herpsilochmus roraimae
Rufous-winged Antwren ______
Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus
Northern White-fringed Antwren (*) ______ BI CA CC FS (formerly conspecific with what's now the Southern White-fringed Antwren that's mostly in Brazil)
Formicivora (grisea) intermedia
Southern White-fringed Antwren ______
Formicivora grisea
Long-tailed Antbird ______
Drymophila caudata
Ash-winged Antwren ______
Terenura spodioptila
Gray Antbird ______
Cercomacra cinerascens
Dusky Antbird (*) ______ MB
Cercomacra t. tyrannina
Jet Antbird ______
Cercomacra nigricans
White-browed Antbird ______
Myrmoborus leucophrys
Black-faced Antbird ______
Myrmoborus myotherinus
Warbling Antbird (*) ______ BE
Hypocnemis cantator flavescens
Black-chinned Antbird ______
Hypocnemoides melanopogon
Spot-backed Antbird ______
Hylophylax naevia
Dot-backed Antbird ______
Hylophylax punctulata
Scale-backed Antbird ______
Hylophylax poecilinota
Banded Antbird ______
Dichrozona cincta
Spot-winged Antibird ______
Schistocichla leucostigma
Caura Antbird (ph) ______
Schistocichla caurensis

Caura Antbird
Silvered Antbird ______
Sclateria naevia
Black-headed Antbird ______
Percnostola rufifrons
Yapacana Antbird ______ (a habitat specialist in seasonally saturated white sandy soil "shrubby campina")
Myrmeciza disjuncta (this species may not be in this genus)
White-bellied Antbird ______
Myrmeciza longipes
Ferruginous-backed Antbird ______
Myrmeciza ferruginea
Black-throated Antbird ______
Myrmeciza atrothorax
Gray-bellied Antbird ______
Myrmeciza pelzelni
Immaculate Antbird ______
Myrmeciza immaculata
Dull-mantled Antbird ______
Myrmeciza laemosticta
White-plumed Antbird ______
Pithys albifrons
Rufous-throated Antbird ______
Gymnopithys rufigula
Reddish-winged Bare-eye ______
Phlegopsis erythroptera
Wing-banded Antbird ______
Myrmornis torquata
Unicolored Tapaculo ______
Scytalopus unicolor
Northern White-crowned Tapaculo ______
Scytalopus atratus
Merida Tapaculo (*) ______ AT BA (was part of Brown-rumped Tapaculo which was split into 4 species from Venezuela south to Ecuador; in Venezuela, the former Brown-rumped Tapaculo, Scytalopus latebricola, is now 2 species: this, in the Andes, & the Caracas Tapaculo, in the Northern Coastal Range)
Scytalopus meridanus
Caracas Tapaculo (Ve) ______
Scytalopus caracae
Rufous-rumped Tapaculo ______
Scytalopus griseicollis
Ocellated Tapaculo (*) ______ AT
Acropternis o. orthonyx
Rufous-capped Antthrush ______
Formicarius colma
Black-faced Antthrush (*) ______ CR
Formicarius analis saturatus
Rufous-breasted Amtthrush ______
Formicarius rufipectus
Schwartz's Antthrush ______
Chamaeza turdina
Short-tailed Antthrush ______
Chamaeza campanisona
Great Antpitta (t3) ______
Grallaria excelsa
Undulated Antpitta ______
Grallaria squamigera
Variegated Antpitta ______
Grallaria varia
Scaled Antpitta ______
Grallaria guatimalensis
Plain-backed Antpitta (*) ______ BA CR
Grallaria h. haplonota
Chestnut-crowned Antpitta (*) ______ AM CR
Grallaria ruficapilla avilae
Rufous Antpitta ______
Grallaria rufula
Spotted Antpitta ______
Hylopezus macularius
Thrush-like Antpitta _____
Myrmothera campanisona
Tepui Antpitta (PS) ______
Myrmothera simplex
Rusty-breasted Antpitta ______
Grallaricula ferrugineipectus
Slate-crowned Antpitta ______
Grallaricula nana
Scallop-breasted Antpitta (nt) (Ve) ______
Grallaricula loricata
Hooded Antpitta (t3) ______
Grallaricula cucullata
Gray-naped Antpitta (*) ______ AT
Grallaria g. griseonucha
Caribbean (formerly part of Pale-legged) Hornero (Ve) (*) ______ BI FS MB
Furnarius l. longirostris
Bar-winged Cinclodes (*) ______ AM
Cinclodes fuscus heterurus
Andean Tit-Spinetail (*) ______ AM
Leptasthenura andicola certhia
Azara's Spinetail (*) ______ AT
Synallaxis azarae elegantior
McConnell's Spinetail (PS) ______
Synallaxis macconnelli
Pale-breasted Spinetail (*) ______ AM BC CA FS
Synallaxis albescens trinitatus (1 of 5 subspecies in Venezuela)
Plain-crowned Spinetail ______
Synallaxis gujanensis
Stripe-breasted Spinetail (*) ______ CR
Synallaxis cinnamomea bolivari
Rufous Spinetail ______
Synallaxis unirufa
Black-throated Spinetail (Ve) (*) ______ CR (formerly conspecific with Rufous Spinetail of the Andes)
Synallaxis castanea (monotypic)
Ruddy Spinetail ______
Synallaxis rutilans
Rio Orinoco Spinetail ______
Synallaxis beverlyae

The Rio Orinoco Spinetail is a newly-described species (Hilty & Ascanio, 2009), found in river island scrub in the lower and middle part of the main channel of the Orinoco River in Venezuela and adjacent Colombia.
The species had been overlooked until recently because the Orinoco River island where it occurs were not adequately examined during earlier ornithological expeditions.
In appearance, the species is similar to the widespread Pale-breasted Spinetail, but it voice is more like that of the Dark-breasted, Cinereous-breasted, and Spix's Spinetails.
The Rio Orinoco Spinetail seems to be restricted to scrubby river island vegetation and adjacent river edges that are subject to seasonal inundation. It is presently known from only two well-separated areas, but it may be found to occur on appropriate intervening islands.

Either 1 or 2 other new birds species have recently been discovered on islands of the lower Orinoco River: the "Delat Amacuro Softtail" and a so-far unnamed wagtail-tyrant (a flycatcher). The wagtail-tyrant may be a significant range extension of the Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant.
White-browed Spinetail ______
Hellmayrea gularis
Yellow-chinned (or Yellow-throated) Spinetail (*) ______ AM BI LL MB
Certhiaxis cinnamomea orenocensis
White-whiskered Spinetail (*) ______ FS
Synallaxis candei vanezuelensis
Crested Spinetail (*) ______ CR
Cranioleuca s. subcristata
Tepui Spinetail (PS) ______
Cranioleuca demissa
Rusty-backed Spinetail ______
Cranioleuca vulpina
Speckled Spinetail ______
Cranioleuca gutturata
Ochre-browed Thistletail (Ve) (*) ______ AM AT
Schizoeaca coryi (monotypic)
White-chinned Thistletail ______
Schizoeaca fuliginosa
Perija Thistletail (t3) ______
Schizoeaca perijana
Streak-backed Canastero (*) ______ AM
Asthenes wyatti mucuchiesi
Orinoco Softtail (t3) (Ve) ______
Thripophaga cherriei
"Delta Amacuro Softtail" ______
Thripophaga sp.

The "Delta Amacuro Softatil" has only recently been discovered, and is as of yet (in late 2009), not described. It is soon to be. The bird appears to be restricted to river islands of the Lower Orinoco River. It has been documented with a photograph.
Plain (or Rufous-fronted) Thornbird (*) (ph) ______ LL
Phacellodomus rufifrons
Pearled Treerunner (*) ______ BA
Margarornis squamiger perlatus
Roraiman Barbtail (PS) ______
Roraimia adusta
Spotted Barbtail ______
Premnoplex brunnescens
White-throated Barbtail (t3) (Ve) ______
Premnoplex tatei
Rusty-winged Barbtail ______
Premnornis guttuligera
Streaked Tuftedcheek (*) ______ CR
Pseudocolaptes boissoneautii striaticeps
Point-tailed Palmcreeper ______
Berlepschia rikeri
Lineated Foliage-gleaner ______
Syndactyla subalaris
Guttulated Foliage-gleaner (*) ______ CR
Syndactyla g. guttulata
Montane Foliage-gleaner (*) ______ BA CR
Anabacerthia striaticollis venezuelana
Eastern Striped Woodhaunter ______
Hyloctistes subulatus
Chestnut-winged Foliage-gleaner ______
Philydor erythropterus
Cinnamon-rumped Foliage-gleaner ______
Philydor pyrrodes
Rufous-tailed Foliage-gleaner ______
Philydor ruficaudatus
Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner (*) ______ CR
Philydor rufum columbianus
Tepui Foliage-gleaner (PS) ______
Automolus roraimae
Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner ______
Automolus infuscatus
Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner ______
Automolus ochrolaemus
Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner ______
Automolus rufipileatus
Ruddy Foliage-gleaner ______
Automolus rubiginosus
Flammulated Treehunter ______
Thripadectes flammulatus
Striped Treehunter ______
Thripadectes virgaticeps
Steak-capped Treehunter ______
Thripadectes virgaticeps
Streaked Xenops (*) ______ AT
Xenops rutilans heterurus
Slender-billed Xenops ______
Xenops tenuirostris
Plain Xenops (*) ______ AM BA BC CR
Xenops minutus ruficaudus
Rufous-tailed Xenops ______
Xenops milleri
Tawny-throated Leaftosser ______
Sclerurus mexicanus
Gray-throated Leaftosser ______
Sclerurus albigularis
Short-billed Leaftosser ______
Sclerurus rufigularis
Black-tailed Leaftosser ______
Sclerurus caudacutus
Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper ______
Lochmias nematura
Tyrannine Woodcreeper (Vr) (*) ______ AT
Dendrocincla tyrannina
Plain-brown Woodcreeper (*) ______ BA CR
Dendrocincla fulginosa phaeochroa
White-chinned Woodcreeper ______
Dendrocincla merula
Ruddy Woodcreeper ______
Dendrocincla homochroa
Long-tailed Woodcreeper ______
Deconychura longicauda
Spot-throated Woodcreeper ______
Deconychura stictolaema
Olivaceous Woodcreeper (*) ______ AT BC BE CA CR
Sittasomus griseicapillus griseus (the single member of its genus)
Wedge-billed Woodcreeper (*) ______ BA
Glyphorhyncus s. spirurus (the single member of its genus)
Long-billed Woodcreeper ______
Nascia longirostris
Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper ______
Dendrexetastes rufigula
Strong-billed Woodcreeper (*) ______ BC CR
Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus procerus
Northern Barred Woodcreeper ______
Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae
Amazonian Barred Woodcreeper ______
Dendrocolaptes certhia
Black-banded Woodcreeper ______
Dendrocolaptes picumnus
Straight-billed Woodcreeper (*) ______ AM CR FS LL
Xiphorhynchus picus (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Xiphorhynchus picus phalara (north VE)
Striped Woodcreeper (*) ______ BC
Xiphorhynchus obsoletus notatus
Ocellated Woodcreeper ______
Xiphorhynchus ocellatus
Chestnut-rumped Woodcreeper ______
Xiphorhynchus pardalotus
Buff-throated Woodcreeper ______
Xiphorhynchus guttatus
Cocoa (formerly part of Buff-throated) Woodcreeper (*) ______ CA CR LL MB
Xiphorhynchus susurrans
Olive-backed Woodcreeper (*) ______ CR
Xiphorhynchus triangularis hylodromus
Montane (formerly part of Spot-crowned) Woodcreeper (*) ______ AT CR
Lepidocolaptes l. lacrymiger
Streak-headed Woodcreeper (*) ______ BA
Lepidocolaptes souleyetii littoralis
Lineated Woodcreeper ______
Lepidocolaptes albolineatus
Red-billed Scythebill (*) (ph) ______ CR
Campylorhamphus trochilirostris venezuelensis

Red-billed Scythebill
Curve-billed Scythebill ______
Campylorhamphus procurvoides
Brown-billed Scythebill ______
Campylorhamphus pusillus
Rufous-browed Peppershrike (*) ______ AM AT BA CR
Cyclarhis gujanensis
Yellow-browed Shrike-Vireo ______
Vireolanius eximius
Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo ______
Vireolanius leucotis
Red-eyed Vireo (*) ______ AT BA BC
Vireo olivaceous
Yellow-green Vireo ______
Vireo flavoviridis
Black-whiskered Vireo ______
Vireo altiloquus
Brown-capped Vireo (*) ______ AM AT CR
Vireo leucophrys
Yellow-throated Vireo ______
Vireo flavifrons
Tepui Greenlet (PS) (*) ______ BE
Hylophilus sclateri
Buff-cheeked Greenlet (*) ______ BE
Hylophilus muscicapinus
Rufous-naped Greenlet (*) ______ AT CR
Hylophilus semibrunneus
Golden-fronted Greenlet (*) ______ AM CR
Hylophilus aurantiifrons saturatus
Scrub Greenlet (*) ______ CA FS
Hylophilus flavipes
Gray-chested Greenlet ______
Hylophilus semicinereus
Lemon-chested Greenlet ______
Hylophilus thoracicus
Brown-headed Greenlet ______
Hylophilus brunneiceps
Tawny-crowned Greenlet ______
Hylophilus ochraceiceps
Violaceous Jay (*) ______ BC
Cyanocorax violaceus pallidus
Black-collared Jay (*) ______ AM AT
Cyanolyca armillata (2 subspecies in west Venezuela)
Cayenne Jay (*) ______ BE
Cyanocorax cayanus
Black-chested Jay (*) ______ MB
Cyanocorax a. affinis
Azure-naped Jay ______
Cyanocorax heilprini
Black-chested Jay ______
Cyanocorax affinis
Inca Jay (*) ______ AM AT BA CR (formerly part of an expanded Green Jay; that species now restricted to Central America & south Texas)
Cyanocorax yncas (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Cyanocorax yncas andicolus (replaces C. y. cyanodorsalis)
Cyanocorax yncas guatimalensis
Brown-chested Martin (*) (ph) ______ MB
Progne (formerly Phaeoprogne) tapera (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Progne t. tapera (resident in VE)
Progne tapera fusca (in VE, a migrant from the south)
Gray-breasted Martin (*) ______ AM AT BC BE BI CC CR FS LL MB
Progne c. chalybea
Purple Martin (ph) ______
Progne subis
Caribbean Martin ______ (does not breed in Venezuela, but does so as closely as in Tobago; breeds in Tobago Apr-Jul)
Progne dominicensis
White-winged Swallow (*) ______ BE BI FS LL MB
Tachycineta albiventer (monotypic)
Tree Swallow (ph) ______
Tachycineta bicolor
Brown-bellied Swallow (*) ______ AM AT BE
Notiochelidon murina meridensis
Blue-and-white Swallow (*) ______ AM AT BI CA CR
Notiochelidon c. cyanoleuca
Pale-footed Swallow ______
Notiochelidon flavipes
White-banded Swallow ______
Atticora fasciata
Black-collared Swallow ______
Atticora melanoleuca
White-thighed Swallow ______
Neochelidon tibialis
Southern Rough-winged Swallow (*) ______ AM BC BI CR LL
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis aequalis
Tawny-headed Swallow ______
Alopochelidon fucata
Bank Swallow _____ (also known as the Sand Martin)
Riparia riparia
Barn Swallow (*) (ph) ______ FS LL MB
Hirundo rustica erythrogaster
American Cliff Swallow ______
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
White-capped Dipper (*) ______ AM
Cinclus leucocephalus leuconotus
Bicolored Wren (*) ______ LL MB
Campylorhynchus griseus minor
Stripe-backed Wren (*) ______ BA LL
Campylorhynchus n. nuchalis
Rufous Wren ______
Cinnycerthia unirufa
Whiskered Wren (*) ______ BA CR (was part of the more-southerly Moustached Wren)
Thryothorus mystacalis
Rufous-and-white Wren (*) ______ CR
Thryothorus rufalbus
Rufous-breasted Wren (*) ______ BA
Thryothorus rutilus
Buff-breasted Wren (*) ______ BC LL MB
Thryothorus leucotis venezuelensis
Coraya Wren ______
Thryothorus coraya
(Southern) House Wren (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA CA CR FS LL MB
Troglodytes aedon albicans
Mountain Wren (*) ______ AT
Troglodytes solstitialis
Tepui Wren ______
Troglodytes rufulus
Merida Wren (Ve) (*) ______ AM (has also been called Paramo Wren)
Cistothorus meridae
Grass Wren (ph) ______ (also known as Sedge Wren)
Cistothorus platensis
White-breasted Wood Wren (*) ______ BA
Henicorhina leucosticta
Gray-breasted Wood Wren (*) ______ AM AT BA CR
Henicorhina leucophrys
Musician Wren ______
Cyphorhinus arada
Scaly-breasted Wren (*) ______ AT BA CR (has also been called Southern Nightingale Wren)
Microcerculus marginatus
Wing-banded Wren ______
Microcerculus bambla
Flutist Wren (PS) (*) ______ BE
Microcerculus ustulatus duidae
Black-capped Donacobius (ph) ______
Donacobius atricapillus
Tropical Mockingbird (*) (ph) ______ AM BI CA CC FS LL MB
Mimus gilvus
Andean Solitaire (*) ______ AT
Myadestes ralloides venezuelensis
Rufous-brown Solitaire ______
Cichlopsis leucogenys
Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush (*) ______ BA
Catharus f. fuscater
Spotted Nightingale-Thrush ______
Catharus dryas
Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush ______
Catharus aurantiirostris
Gray-cheeked Thrush ______
Catharus minimus
Swainson's Thrush ______
Catharus ustulatus
Veery ______
Catharus fuscescens
Yellow-legged Thrush (*) ______ AT BA CR
Platycichla flavipes venezuelensis
Pale-eyed Thrush (*) ______ BA
Platycichla leucops (monotypic)
Great Thrush (*) ______ AM AT
Turdus fuscater gigas
Glossy-black Thrush (*) ______ AM BA CR
Turdus serranus atrosericeus
Black-hooded Thrush (PS) (*) ______ CR
Turdus o. olivater (on northern coastal range)
Turdus olivater roraimae (PS) (in southeast Bolivar, on Sierra de Lema & cerros of Gran Sabana)
Chestnut-bellied Thrush (*) ______ AM
Turdus fulviventris
Pale-breasted Thrush (*) ______ CR
Turdus leucomelas
Black-billed Thrush (*) ______ BA BE
Turdus ignobilis
Cocoa Thrush (*) ______ AT BA CA
Turdus fumigatus
Lawrence's Thrush ______
Turdus lawrencii
American Bare-eyed Thrush (*) ______ AM AT CA CC LL
Turdus n. nudigenis
White-necked Thrush (*) ______ BE CR
Turdus albicollis phaeopygoides
Long-billed Gnatwren (*) ______ BC CA
Ramphocaenus melanurus
Tropical Gnatcatcher (*) ______ BC FS LL MB
Polioptila plumbea innotata
Guianan Gnatacatcher ______
Polioptila guianensis
Yellowish Pipit (*) ______ LL
Anthus lutescens
Paramo Pipit (*) ______ AM
Anthus bogotensis meridae
Blue-naped Chlorophonia (*) (ph) ______ BA CR
Chlorophonia cyanea longipennis
Chestnut-breasted Chlorophonia (*) ______ AM
Chlorophonia pyrrhophrys
Golden-rumped Euphonia (*) ______ AT BA CR
Euphonia cyanocephala intermedia
Orange-bellied Euphonia (*) ______ CR
Euphonia xanthogaster

An Orange-bellied Euphonia photographed during a FONT tour in Venezuela.
This subspecies, Euphonia xanthogaster exsul, is in the Coastal Range
in the northern part of the country.
Rufous-bellied Euphonia ______
Euphonia rufiventris
White-vented Euphonia ______
Euphonia minuta
Trinidad Euphonia (*) ______ BA CA
Euphonia trinitatus (monotypic)
Purple-throated Euphonia (*) ______ BE
Euphonia chlorotica cynophora
Thick-billed Euphonia (*) ______ AT BA
Euphonia laniirostris crassirostris
Violaceous Euphonia (*) ______ BC
Euphonia violaceea rodwayi
Golden-sided Euphonia ______
Euphonia cayennensis
Plumbeous Euphonia ______
Euphonia plumbea
White-lored Euphonia ______
Euphonia chrysopasta
Hooded Siskin ______
Carduelis magellanica
Red Siskin (t2) ______
Carduelis cucullata

The Red Siskin, or the "Cardenalito" as it's called in Venezuela, is a rare and endangered species. The bird has been known to occur locally in northern Venezuela and in northern Colombia.
It was very good news for the species when, in 2003, a population of several thousand birds was discovered in southern Guyana, about a thousand kilometers from any previously known population. Otherwise, the global population of the species in the wild has been estimated to be from 600 to 6,000 pairs.
In the early 20th Century, the Red Siskin was common in the foothills of northern Venezuela, but later in the 1900s it became extremely rare there in a fragmented range.
The preferred habitats of the Red Siskin are open country, forest edges, and grasslands with trees or shrubs.
Red Siskins are highly gregarious. When they were more numerous, they formed semi-nomadic flocks.
The main reason for the decline of the Red Siskin has been massive illegal trapping for the cage bird trade. Being an attractive finch with a pleasant song is against it, and its unique coloration for a small finch that has enabled it to be used for interbreeding with domesticated Canaries to produce varieties with red in the plumage.
Adult Red Siskins are illustrated in the plates in the "Birds of Venezuela, Second Edition" by Steven Hilty. Immatures are not. Immature females are paler than adult females, and immature males are brown rather than red.
Andean Siskin (*) ______ AM BA
Carduelis s. spinescens
Yellow-bellied Siskin (*) ______ AM AT
Carduelis x. xanthogastra
Yellow-faced Siskin (t3) ______ (birds in Venezuela seem to be escaped cage-birds, from most-likely Brazil)
Carduelis yarrellii
Lesser Goldfinch (*) ______ AT BA CA CR FS
Carduelis psaltria columbiana
Black-and-white Warbler (*) ______ AM
Mniotilta varia (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Prothonotary Warbler (*) (ph) ______ MB
Protonotaria citrea (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Golden-winged Warbler (*) ______ AM
Vermivora chrysoptera
Tennessee Warbler (ph) ______
Vermivora peregrina
Northern Parula (*) (ph) ______ AT
Parula americana
Tropical Parula (*) ______ BA BE CR FS
Parula pitiayumi
Yellow Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AT BI LL MB
Dendroica aestiva (was D. petechia when Golden & Mangrove Warblers not split)
Golden Warbler ______ (has been considered part of the Yellow Warbler)
Dendroica petechia
Mangrove Warbler (ph) ______
Dendroica erithachorides
Chestnut-sided Warbler (ph) ______
Dendroica pensylvanica
Cape May Warbler ______
Dendroica tigrina
Black-throated Green Warbler (ph) ______
Dendroica virens
Cerulean Warbler (*) ______ AT CR
Dendroica cerulea
Blackburnian Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AM AT
Dendroica fusca
Bay-breasted Warbler (*) ______ AT CR
Dendroica castanea
Blackpoll Warbler (*) (ph) ______ CR
Dendroica striata
Northern Waterthrush (*) ______ CR FS LL
Seiurus noveboracensis (now said to be monotypic)
Kentucky Warbler ______
Oporornis formosus
Mourning Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AM AT
Oporornis philadelphia
Connecticut Warbler ______
Oporonis agilis
Masked Yellowthroat (*) ______ LL
Geothlypis aequinoctialis
Canada Warbler (*) (ph) ______ CR
Wilsonia canadensis

Canada Warbler
It's called, in English, the Canada Warbler,
but during much of the year, some are in Venezuela
American Redstart (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA CR LL
Setophaga ruticilla
Slate-throated Whitestart (or Redstart) (*) ______ AM AT BA CR
Myioborus miniatus ballux
Golden-fronted Whitestart (or Redstart) (*) ______ AT
Myioborus o. ornatus
White-fronted Whitestart (or Redstart) (nt) (Ve) (*) ______ AM AT
Myioborus albifrons
Paria Whitestart (or Redstart) (t2) (Ve) ______
Myioborus pariae
Tepui Whitestart (or Redstart) (PS) ______ (was said to be conspecific with the Brown-capped Whitestart in Bolivia & Argentina)
Myioborus castaneocapillus
Guaiquinima Whitestart (or Redstart) (nt) (Ve) ______ (was called Saffron-breasted Redstart; might be a subspecies of the White-faced Whitestart; this & the White-faced Whitestart might in effect both be subspecies of the Tepui Whitestart)
Myioborus cardonai
White-faced Whitestart (or Redstart) (Ve) ______ (might be conspecific with the Guaiquinima Whitestart; it & this species might be subspecies of the Tepui Whitestart; all 3 of these Whitestarts are isolated on separate tepuis)
Myioborus albifacies
Black-crested Warbler (*) ______ AM AT CR
Basileuterus nigrocristatus
Citrine Warbler (*) ______ AM
Basileuterus l. luteoviridis
Flavescent Warbler (*) ______ BA
Basileuterus flaveolus (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Roraiman Warbler (PS) (*) ______ BE (formerly part of an expanded Two-banded Warbler, now more-southerly, from SE Peru to NW Argentina)
Basileuterus (bivittatus) roraimae
Three-striped Warbler (*) ______ AM BA CR
Basileuterus tristriatus besserei
Stripe-crowned Warbler (*) ______ AT CR (has been called Golden-crowned Warbler)
Basileuterus culicivorus
Gray-headed Warbler (t2) (Ve) ______
Basileuterus griseiceps
Gray-throated Warbler (nt) ______
Basileuterus cinereicollis
Russet-crowned Warbler ______
Basileuterus coronatus
Riverside Warbler ______
Basileuterus rivularis
Rose-breasted Chat ______ (may not be an American Wood Warbler; with its family uncertain)
Granatellus pelzelni
Shiny (or Glossy) Cowbird (*) ______ AM BA FS CR
Molothrus bonariensis
Giant Cowbird (*) ______ AT
Molothrus oryzivora
Crested Oropendola (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA FS LL
Psarocolius decumanus
Green Oropendola (*) ______ BE
Psarocolius viridis
Russet-backed Oropendola (*) ______ BA CR
Psarocolius angustifrons oleagineus
Olive Oropendola ______
Psarocolius yuracares
Yellow-billed Cacique ______
Amblycercus holosericeus
"Eastern" Yellow-rumped Cacique (*) ______ BC LL MB (considered conspecific with "Western' Yellow-rumped Cacique of northwestern South America & Central America)
Cacicus (c.) cela
Red-rumped Cacique (*) ______ BE BI
Cacicus haemorrhous
Subtropical Cacique ______
Cacicus uropygialis
Northern Mountain Cacique ______
Cacicus leucoramphus
Solitary Cacique ______
Cacicus solitarius
Carib Grackle (*) (ph) ______ BI CA CC FS LL MB
Quiscalus l. lugubris
Great-tailed Grackle (ph) ______
Quiscalus mexicanus
Velvet-fronted Grackle ______
Lampropsar tanagrinus
Golden-tufted Mountain Grackle (PS) ______ (has also been called Tepui Mountain Grackle)
Macroagelaius imthurni
Bobolink (ph) ______
Dolichonyx orzyzivorus
Yellow-hooded Blackbird (*) ______ BI LL MB
Chrysomus i. icterocephalus
Moriche Oriole (*) ______ BC (closely related to, and by some considered conspecific with more-southerly Epaulet Oriole)
Icterus chrysacephalus
Orange-crowned Oriole (*) ______ BI CR
Icterus auricapillus (monotypic)
Venezuelan Troupial (*) ______ FS LL (formerly a part of a more wide-rainging Troupial, now considered as 3 species in South America)
Icterus icterus
Yellow Oriole (*) ______ FS LL MB
Icterus n. nigrogularis
Yellow-backed Oriole (*) ______ AT LL
Icterus chrysater giraudii
Yellow-tailed Oriole ______
Icterus mesomelas
Baltimore Oriole (ph) ______
Icterus galbula
Orchard Oriole (ph) ______
Icterus spurius
Oriole Blackbird (*) ______ FS LL
Gymnomystax mexicanus (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Red-breasted Blackbird (*) ______ AM LL
Sturnella militaris (monotypic)
Eastern (or Common) Meadowlark (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA FS MB
Sturnella magna paralios
Bananaquit (*) (ph) ______ BA BC CA CC CR LL MB
Coereba flaveola (2 subspecies in Venezuela; in all, there are 41 subspecies throughout Latin America & the Caribbean)
Yellow-browed Sparrow (*) ______ LL
Myospiza (formerly Ammodramus) aurifrons
Grassland Sparrow (*) ______ LL
Myospiza (formerly Ammodramus) humeralis
Rufous-collared Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA CR
Zonotrichia capensis venezuelae
Black-striped Sparrow (*) ______ BA
Arremonops conirostris umbrinus
Tocuyo Sparrow (Vqe) (*) ______ FS (quite similar to the Black-striped Sparrow; some geographic range overlap, but range & habitat generally differ)
Arremonops tocuyensis
Pectoral Sparrow (*) ______ AT
Arremon taciturnis
Golden-winged Sparrow ______
Arremon schlegeli
Chestnut-capped Brush Finch (*) ______ CR
Buarremon brunneinuchus frontalis
Stripe-headed Brush Finch ______
Buarremon torquatus
Tepui Brush Finch (PS) (*) ______ BE
Atalpetes p. personatus
Ochre-breasted Brush Finch (*) ______ CR
Atalpetes semirufus denisei
Slaty Brush Finch (*) ______ AM AT
Atalpetes schistaceus castaneifrons
Moustached Brush Finch (*) ______ AM
Atalpetes albofrenatus meridae
Pale-naped Brush Finch ______
Atlapetes pallidinucha
Rufous-naped Brush Finch ______
Atalpetes latinuchus
Red-capped Cardinal (*) ______ LL
Paroaria gularis
Paradise Tanager (*) ______ BE
Tangara chilensis coelicolor
Green-and-gold Tanager ______
Tangara schrankii
Spotted Tanager (*) ______ BE
Tangara p. punctata
Speckled Tanager (*) (ph) ______ AM BA CR
Tangara guttata chrysophrys
Golden Tanager (*) (ph) ______ BA CR
Tangara a. arthus
Saffron-crowned Tanager (*) ______ AM
Tangara xanthocephala venusta
Flame-faced Tanager ______
Tangara parzudadkii
Rufous-cheeked Tanager (Ve) (*) ______ CR
Tangara rufigenis
Blue-necked Tanager (*) ______ AT BA
Tangara cyanicollis hannahiae
Bay-headed Tanager (*) (ph) ______ AM BA CR
Tangara g. gyrola
Burnished-buff Tanager (*) ______ AM AT BC CR LL
Tangara c. cayana
Beryl-spangled Tanager (*) ______ AT CR
Tangara nigroviridis cyanescens
Black-capped Tanager (*) ______ AT
Tangara heinei (monotypic)
Black-headed Tanager (*) ______ AT
Tangara c. cyanoptera
Blue-and-black Tanager (*) ______ AM
Tangara v. vassorii
Masked Tanager ______
Tangara nigrocincta
Turquoise Tanager ______
Tangara mexicana
Opal-rumped Tanager ______
Tangara velia
Yellow-bellied Tanager ______
Tangara xanthogastra
Dotted Tanager ______
Tangara varia
Orange-eared Tanager ______
Chlorochrysa calliparaea
Fawn-breasted Tanager (*) ______ AM BA CR
Pipraeidea melanonota venezuelensis
Buff-breasted Mountain Tanager ______
Dubusia taeniata
Lacrimose Mountain Tanager (*) ______ AT
Anisognathus lacrymosus melanops
Blue-winged Mountain Tanager (*) ______ CR
Anisognathus somptuosus venezuelanus
Scarlet-bellied Mountain Tanager ______
Anisognathus igniventris
Hooded Mountain Tanager (ph) ______
Buthraupis montana

Hooded Mountain Tanager
Black-chested Mountain Tanager ______
Buthraupis eximia
Blue-backed Tanager ______
Cyanicterus cyanicterus
Blue-gray Tanager (*) ______ all regions
Thraupis episcopus
Glaucous Tanager (Vqe) (*) ______ FS
Thraupis glaucocolpa
Palm Tanager (*) ______ AM AT BA BC CR
Thraupis palmarum melanoptera
Blue-capped Tanager (*) ______ AT BA CR
Thraupis cyanocephala (5 subspecies in Venezuela)
Silver-beaked Tanager (*) (ph) ______ AM AT LL CR
Ramphocelus carbo venezuelensis
Crimson-backed Tanager (*) ______ AM AT MB
Ramphocelus d. dimidiatus
Tooth-billed Tanager (*) ______ AT CR (has been part of a more-widespread Hepatic Tanager; includes the "Blood-red Tanager" of the Tepuis)
Piranga lutea
Summer Tanager (*) ______ AT
Piranga r. rubra
Scarlet Tanager (ph) ______
Piranga olivacea
White-winged Tanager (*) ______ CR
Piranga leucoptera venezuelae
Red-crowned Ant Tanager (*) (ph) ______ BA CR
Habia rubica crissalis
Fulvous Shrike-Tanager (*) ______ BE
Lanio f. fulvus
White-lined Tanager (*) ______ AM BA BC CR
Tachyphonus rufus
Flame-crested Tanager ______
Tachyphonus cristatus
Fulvous-crested Tanager (*) ______ BE
Tachyphonus s. surinamus
White-shouldered Tanager (*) ______ BA BC
Tachyphonus l. luctuosus
Red-shouldered Tanager (*) ______ BE
Tachyphonus phoenicius
Gray-headed Tanager (*) ______ AT BA CR
Eucometis penicillata cristata (1 of 2 subspecies in Venezuela) (the single member of its genus)
Olive-backed Tanager (PS) ______
Mitrospingus oleagineus
Hooded Tanager (*) ______ AM FS
Nemosia pileata hypoleuca
Rosy Thrush-Tanager (*) ______ CA
Rhodinocichla rosea (the single member of its genus)
Yellow-backed Tanager ______
Hemithraupis flavicollis
Guira Tanager (*) ______ BA CR
Hemithraupis guira nigrigula
Fulvous-headed Tanager (*) ______ CA CR
Thlypopsis f. fulviceps
Orange-headed Tanager ______
Thlypopsis sordida
Black-capped Hemispingus (*) ______ AT
Hemispingus a. atropileus
Superciliaried Hemispingus ______
Hemispingus superciliaris
Oleaginous Hemispingus (*) ______ CR
Hemispingus frontalis
Gray-capped Hemispingus (nt) (Ve) (*) ______ BA
Hemispingus reyi
Slaty-backed Hemispingus (t3) ______
Hemispingus goeringi
Gray-hooded Bush Tanager ______
Cnemoscopus rubrirostris
Common Bush Tanager (*) ______ AT BA CR
Chlorospinus ophthalmicus jacqueti
Ashy-throated Bush Tanager ______
Chlorospingus canigularis
White-capped Tanager ______
Sericossypha albocristata
Magpie Tanager (ph) ______
Cissopis leveriana
Black-faced Tanager (*) ______ BA
Schistochlamys melanops aterrima
Swallow-Tanager (*) (ph) ______ AM CR
Tersina viridis occidentalis (the single member of its genus)
Blue Dacnis (*) ______ BA BC
Dacnis c. cayana
Black-faced Dacnis ______
Dacnis lineata
Yellow-bellied Dacnis ______
Dacnis flaviventer
White-bellied Dacnis ______
Dacnis albiventris
Purple Honeycreeper (*) ______ BE CR
Cyanerpes caeruleus microrhynchus
Short-billed Honeycreeper ______
Cyanerpes nitidus
Red-legged Honeycreeper (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BC
Cyanerpes cyaneus eximius
Green Honeycreeper (*) (ph) ______ BA BE BI CR
Chlorophanes spiza (2 subspecies in Venezuela)
Chlorophanes s. spiza (most of VE)
Chlorophanes spiza subtropicalis (west VE)
Chestnut-vented Conebill ______
Conirostrum speciosum
White-eared Conebill ______
Conirostrum leucogenys
Bicolored Conebill ______
Conirostrum bicolor
Blue-backed Conebill (*) ______ AM AT
Conirostrum sitticolor intermedium
Capped Conebill (*) ______ AT
Conirostrum albifrons cyanonotum
Rusty Flowerpiercer (*) ______ AM AT
Diglossa sittoides dorbignyi
Glossy Flowerpiercer (*) ______ AM
Diglossa l. lafresnayii
White-sided Flowerpiercer (*) ______ BA AM AT CR
Diglossa a. albilatera
Merida Flowerpiercer (Ve) (*) ______ AM AT (formerly part of the Coal-black Flower-piercer, split into 3 or 4 species)
Diglossa gloriosa
Black Flowerpiercer (*) ______ AT
Diglossa h. humeralis
Greater Flowerpiercer (PS) ______
Diglossa major
Scaled Flowerpiercer ______
Diglossa duidae
Venezuelan Flowerpiercer (t2) (Ve) ______
Diglossa venezuelensis
Bluish Flowerpiercer (*) ______ AM AT
Diglossopis caerulescens saturata
Masked Flowerpiercer (*) ______ AM AT
Diglossopis c. cyanea
Gray Pileated Finch (*) ______ FS (formerly called Pileated Finch)
Coryphospingus pileatus
Slaty Finch ______
Haplospiza rustica
Sooty Grassquit (*) ______ CA
Tiaris fuliginosus fumosus
Black-faced Grassquit (*) (ph) ______ CA FS LL
Tiaris bicolor omissa
Yellow-faced Grassquit ______
Tiaris olivacea
Dull-colored Grassquit ______ (was called Dull-colored Seedeater)
Tiaris obscura
Paramo Seedeater (*) ______ AM
Catamenia homochroa duncani
Plain-colored Seedeater (*) ______ AM
Catamenia inornata minor
White-naped Seedeater ______
Dolospingus fringilloides
Chestnut-bellied Seed Finch (*) ______ LL (formerly considered conspecific with what's now Thick-billed Seed-Finch, Oryzoborus funereus, of Central America; was collectively called Lesser Seed-Finch)
Oryzoborus maximiliani
Large-billed Seed Finch (nt) (*) ______ LL
Oryzoborus crassirostris (monotypic)
Great-billed Seedeater ______
Oryzoborus maximiliani
Lined Seedeater (*) ______ BC LL
Sporophila lineola (monotypic)
Lesson's Seedeater (*) ______ BE LL
Sporophila bouvronides
Black-and-white Seedeater (*) ______ AM
Sporophila luctuosa
Gray Seedeater (*) ______ AM AT LL
Sporophila i. intermedia
Plumbeous Seedeater (*) ______ BE
Sporophila plumbea
Yellow-bellied Seedeater (*) ______ AT CA CR
Sporophila nigricollis
Ruddy-breasted Seedeater (*) (ph) ______ AM BC FS LL MB
Sporophila minuta

Ruddy-breasted Seedeater
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Chestnut-bellied Seedeater ______
Sporophila castaneiventris
Slate-colored Seedeater ______
Sporophila schistacea
Wing-barred Seedeater ______
Sporophila americana
Blue-black Grassquit (*) ______ AM BA CA LL
Volatinia jacarina (the single member of its genus)
Plumbeous Sierra Finch ______
Phrygilus unicolor
Grassland Yellow Finch (*) ______ LL
Sicalis l. luteola
Saffron Finch (*) (ph) ______ AM AT BA CA FS LL
Sicalis f. flaveola
Orange-fronted Yellow Finch (*) ______ LL
Sicalis c. columbiana
Stripe-tailed Yellow Finch (*) ______ BE
Sicalis citrina browni
Plumbeous Sierra Finch (*) ______ AM
Phrygilus unicolor nivarius
Wedge-tailed Grass Finch (*) (ph) ______ LL
Emberizoides herbicola

Wedge-tailed Grass Finch
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Duida Grass Finch (nt) ______
Emberizoides duidae
Plushcap (*) ______ CR (has also been called Plush-capped Finch)
Catamblyrhynchus diadema (the single member of its genus)
Dickcissel (*) ______ LL
Spiza americana (the single member of its genus; now in the family Cardinalidae with Cardinals, Grosbeaks, Saltators, and New World Buntings)
Vermilion Cardinal (*) ______ FS
Cardinalis phoeniceus (monotypic)
Buff-throated Saltator (*) ______ AM BA BC CA CR LL
Saltator m. maximus
"Southern" Grayish Saltator (*) ______ AM CR FS LL (The South American population east of the Andes may be distinct enough from birds west of the Andes & in Central America to be considered a separate species.)
Saltator coerulescens brewsteri
Orinocan Saltator (Vqe) (*) ______ FS LL
Saltator o. orenocensis
Streaked Saltator (*) ______ AM AT CA
Saltator striatipectus perstriatus
Slate-colored Grosbeak (*) ______ BE
Saltator g. grossus (genus Pitylus merged into Saltator)
Red-and-black Grosbeak ______
Periporphyrys erythromelas
Yellow-green Grosbeak (*) ______ BE
Caryothraustes c. canadensis
Rose-breasted Grosbeak (*) (ph) ______ AM
Pheucticus ludovicianus
Southern Yellow Grosbeak (*) ______ FS
Pheucticus chrysogaster laubmanni
Black-backed Grosbeak ______
Pheuticus aureoventris
Blue-black Grosbeak (*) ______ BE CR
Cyanocompsa cyanoides
Ultramarine Grosbeak (*) ______ CA FS
Cyanocompsa brissonii

To Top of Page