Amphibians  
and Reptiles 
of 
Eastern 
North America
 

Noting those during 
Focus On Nature Tours
with an (*)

including: 
Salamanders
Toads & Frogs (seen or heard) 
Turtles
Skinks, Anoles, and other Lizards
Snakes

A list of eastern North American Amphibians & Reptiles
compiled by Armas Hill


UPPER RIGHT PHOTO: a LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLE photographed off the North Carolina seacoast 
(Photo by Alan Brady)


Codes:

FL:   occurs in Florida 
NC:  occurs in North Carolina
NJ:   occurs in New Jersey 

(ph):  species with a photo in the FONT website 


Links to Groupings in this List:

AMPHIBIANS    Frogs & Toads   Salamanders

REPTILES     Crocodile & Alligator     Turtles    Lizards     Snakes 

Other Links: 

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in North America

A List & Photo Gallery of North American Birds, in 6 parts

A List & Photo Gallery of Mammals of Eastern North America

A List & Photo Gallery of Butterflies of Eastern North America

A List & Photo Gallery of Dragonflies & Damselflies of Eastern North America

A Directory of Photos in this Website

         Amphibians:

       FROGS & TOADS

           Family RANIDAE
   

1. Green Frog  (ph) (*)  ______  NC 
   Rana clamitans melanota
   Rana clamitans clamitans  Bronze Frog  ______  FL
   
   
   
   
   Green Frog
   (photo by Howard Eskin)
   
   
2. Bullfrog  (ph) (*)  ______  NC
   Rana catesbeiana
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   Two photographs of Bullfrogs
   (upper photo courtesy of Doris Potter;
    lower photo during a FONT tour) 
   
   
3. River Frog  ______  FL  NC
   Rana heckscheri
   
   
4. Pig Frog  ______  FL
   Rana grylio
   
   
5. Pickerel Frog  (ph) (*)  ______  NC 
   Rana palustris
   
   
   
   
   Pickerel Frog
   (photo by Marie Gardner)
   
   
6. Carpenter Frog  (*)  ______  NC  NJ 
   Rana virgatipes
   
   
7. Northern Leopard Frog  ______
   Rana pipiens
   
   
   
   
   Northern Leopard Frog
   (photo by Doris Potter)
   
   
8. Southern Leopard Frog ______ NC  NJ
   Rana sphenocephala
   
   
9. Carolina Gopher Frog (*) ______  NC  
   Rana c. capito
   Rano capito aesopus  Florida Gopher Frog  ______  FL
   
   
10. Mink Frog  ______
    Rana septentrionalis
    
    
11. Wood Frog  ______
    Rana sylvatica
    
    
    Family HYLIDAE
    
    
12. Spring Peeper  (*)  ______  NC  NJ
    Pseudacris crucifer  
    
    
13. Southern Chorus Frog  (*)  ______  NC 
    Pseudacris nigrita nigrita
    Pseudacris nigrita verrucosa  Florida Chorus Frog  ______  FL
    
    
14. Upland Chorus Frog  ______   (subspecies of the Western Chorus Frog)
    Pseudacris triseriata feriarum
    Pseudacris triseriata kalmi  New Jersey Chorus Frog  ______  NJ
    
    
15. Brimley's Chorus Frog  ______  NC
    Pseudacris brachyphona
    
    
16. Ornate Chorus Frog  (*)  ______  NC 
    Pseudacris ornata
    
    
17. Pine Barrens Treefrog  (*)  ______  NC  NJ
    Hyla andersonii
    
    
18. Green Treefrog  (*)  ______ NC
    Hyla cinerea
    
    
19. Barking Treefrog  (*)  ______  NC
    Hyla gratiosa
    
    
20. Pine Woods Treefrog  (*)  ______  NC  FL
    Hyla femoralis
    
    
21. Squirrel Treefrog  (*)  ______ NC  FL
    Hyla squirrela
    
    
22. (Cope's) Gray Treefrog  (*)  ______ NC  NJ
    Hyla versicolor 
    
    
23. Bird-voiced Treefrog  ______
    Hyla avivoca
    
    
24. Northern Cricket Frog  (*)  ______ NC
    Acris crepitans crepitans
    
    
25. Southern Cricket Frog  (*)  ______ NC
    Acris gryllus gryllus
    Acris gryllus dorsalis  Florida Cricket Frog  ______  FL
    
    
26. Little Grass Frog  ______  NC  FL
    Limnaoedus ocularis
    
    The Little Grass Frog is the smallest frog in North America.
    
    
    Family BUFONIDAE 
    
    
27. American Toad  (ph) (*)  ______  NC  
    Bufo americanus
    
    
    
    
    American Toad
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
28. Oak Toad  (*)  ______ NC
    Bufo quercicus
    
    
29. Southern Toad  (*)  ______ NC
    Bufo terrestris
    
    
30. Fowler's Toad  (ph) (*) ______ NC  NJ
    Bufo woodhousei fowleri   (an eastern race of the Woodhouse's Toad) 
    
    
    
    
    Fowler's Toad
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
    Family PELOBATIDAE
    
    
31. Eastern Spadefoot Toad  (*)  ______ NC
    Scaphiopus holbrooki holbrooki
    
    
    Family MICROHYLIDAE
    
    
32. Eastern Narrowmouth Toad  (*)  ______ NC
    Gastrophryne carolinensis
    
    
    SALAMANDERS
    
    
    Familes: CRYPTOBRANCHIDAE, PROTEIDAE, AMPHIUMIDAE, and SIRENIDAE 
    
    
33. Eastern Hellbender  ______  NC(west)
    Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis
    
    
34. Mudpuppy  ______
    Necturus maculosus
    
    
35. Carolina Mudpuppy  ______  NC  (has been called Neuse River Waterdog)  
    Necturus lewisi   
    
    The Carolina Mudpuppy is endemic to North Carolina, in the Neuse and Tar River basins.   
    
    
36. Dwarf Mudpuppy  ______  NC  (has been called Dwarf Waterdog)
    Necturus punctatus 
    
    
37. Two-toed Amphiuma  ______ NC
    Amphiuma means
    
    
38. Lesser Siren ______  NC
    Siren intermedia
    
    
39. Greater Siren  ______  NC
    Siren lacertina  
    
    
40. Narrow-billed Dwarf Siren  ______  FL(central)
    Pseudobranchus striatus axanthus 
    
    
    Family AMBYSTOMATIDAE
    
    
41. Mabee's Salamander   ______ NC   
    Ambystoma mabeei
    
    
42. Spotted Salamander   ______ NC
    Ambystoma maculatum
    
    
43. Marbled Salamander   ______ NC
    Ambystoma opacum
    
    
44. Mole Salamander  ______
    Ambystoma talpoideum
    
    
45. Flatwoods Salamander  ______
    Ambystoma cingulatum
    
    
46. Jefferson Salamander  ______
    Ambystoma jeffersonianum
    
    
47. Blue-spotted Salamander  ______
    Ambystoma laterale
    
    
48. Eastern Tiger Salamander  ______
    Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum
    
    
    Family PLETHODONTIDAE
    
    
49. Northern Dusky Salamander  ______  NC(west)
    Desmognathus fuscus
    
    
50. Southern Dusky Salamander  ______ NC
    Desmognathus auriculatus 
    
    
51. Santeetlah Dusky Salamander  ______  NC(far-west)
    Desmognathus santeetlah
    
    
52. Seal Salamander  ______
    Desmognathus monticola
    
    
53. Blackbelly Salamander  ______  NC(west)
    Desmognathus quadramaculatus
    
    
54. Mountain Dusky Salamander  ______  NC(west)
    Desmognathus ochrophaeus
    
    
55. Imatator Salamander  ______  NC(far-west)
    Desmognathus imitator
    
    
56. Apalachicola Dusky Salamander  ______
    Desmognathus apalachicolae
    
    
57. Pigmy Salamander  ______  NC(west)
    Desmognathus wrighti
    
    
58. Seepage Salamander  ______  NC(far-west)
    Desmognathus aeneus
    
    
59. Shovelnose Salamander  ______  NC(west)
    Desmognathus marmoratus
    
    
60. Northern Two-lined Salamander  ______  
    Eurycea bislineata
    
    
61. Southern Two-lined Salamander  ______  NC
    Eurycea cirrigera
    
    
62. Blue Ridge Two-lined Salamander  ______  NC
    Eurycea wilderae
    
    
63. Junaluska Salamander  ______  NC(far-west)
    Eurycea junaluska
    
    
64. Longtail Salamander  ______
    Eurycea longicauda longicauda
    Eurycea longicauda guttolineata  Three-lined Salamander  ______  NC
    
    
65. Cave Salamander  ______  
    Eurycea lucifuga
    
    
66. Dwarf Salamander  ______  NC
    Eurycea quadridigitata
    
    
67. Redback Salamander  ______  NC
    Plethodon cinereus
    
    
68. Peaks of Otter Salamander  ______
    Plethodon hubrichti
    
    
69. Ravine Salamander  ______
    Plethodon richmondi
    
    
70. Shenandoah Salamander  ______
    Plethodon shenandoah
    
    
71. Valley and Ridge Salamander  ______
    Plethodon hoffmani
    
    
72. Cheat Mountain Salamander  ______
    Plethodon nettingi
    
    
73. Weller's Salamander  ______  NC(far-west)
    Plethodon welleri
    
    
74. Wehrle's Salamander  ______
    Plethodon wehrlei
    
    
75. White-spotted Salamander  ______  
    Plethodon punctatus
    
    
76. Slimy Salamander  ______ NC
    Plethodon glutinous
    
    
77. Tellico Salamander  ______
    Plethodon aureolus
    
    
78. Cumberland Plateau Salamander  ______
    Plethodon kentucki
    
    
79. Southern Appalachian Salamander  ______
    Plethodon teyahalee
    
    
80. Yonahlossee Salamander  ______
    Plethodon yonahlossee
    
    
81. Jordan's Salamander  ______
    Plethodon jordani
    
    
82. Four-toed Salamander  ______  NC
    Hemidactylium scutatum
    
    
83. Many-lined Salamander  ______  NC(east)
    Stereochilus marginatus
    
    
84. Green Salamander  ______
    Aneides aeneus
    
    
85. Spring Salamander  ______  
    Gyrinophilus porphyriticus danielsi  Blue Ridge Spring Salamander  ______  NC
    Gyrinophilus porphyriticus dunni   Carolina Spring Salamander  ______  NC
    
    
86. West Virginia Spring Salamander  ______
    Gyrinophilus subterraneus 
    
    
87. Mud Salamander  ______  
    Pseudotriton montanus montanus   Eastern Mud Salamander  ______  NC
    
    
88. Red Salamander  ______  
    Pseudotriton ruber ruber  Northern Red Salamander  ______  NC
    Pseudotriton ruber schencki  Blackchin Red Salamander  ______  NC
    
    
    Family SALAMANDRIDAE
    
    
89. Eastern Newt  ______  
    Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens  Red-spotted Newt  ______NC
    Notophthalmus viridescens dorsalis  Broken-striped Newt  ______  NC
    
    
90. Striped Newt  ______FL(north)
    Notophthalmus perstriatus 
    
    
    
    Reptiles:
    
    Family CROCODYLIDAE
    
    
91. American Crocodile  ______  FL
    Crocodylus acutus
    
    
    Family ALLIGATORIDAE
    
    
92. American Alligator  (ph) (*)  ______  FL  NC
    Alligator mississippiensis 
    
    
    
    
    
    An American Alligator
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
    TURTLES
    
    
    Family CHELYDRIDAE
    
    
93. Snapping Turtle  (ph) (*)  ______ NC
    Chleydra serpentina
    
    
    
    
    Snapping Turtle
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
94. Alligator Snapping Turtle  ______  FL(north)
    Macroclemys temminckii
    
    
    Family KINOSTERNIDAE
    
    
95. Eastern Mud Turtle  (*)  ______ 
    Kinosternon subrubum subrubum  ______  NC
    Kinosternon subrubum steindachneri  "Florida Mud Turtle"  ______  FL  
    
    
96. Eastern (or Common) Musk Turtle  (*)  ______  NC   (has been called Stinkpot) 
    Sternotherus odoratus
    
    
97. Loggerhead Musk Turtle  ______  FL(north)
    Sternotherus minor minor
    
    
98. Stripeneck Musk Turtle  ______
    Sternotherus minor pelifer
    
    
    Family EMYDIDAE
    
    
99. Eastern River Cooter  (*)  ______  NC
    Chrysemys concinna concinna
    
    
100. Florida (or Peninsula) Cooter  ______  FL(north)
     Pseudemys floridana
     
     
101. Redbelly Turtle  ______  
     Pseudemys rubriventris
     
     
     
     
     Redbelly Turtle
     
     
102. Florida Redbelly Turtle  ______  FL
     Pseudemys nelsoni
     
     
103. Eastern Box Turtle  (ph) (*)  ______ NC
     Terrapene carolina
     
     
     
     
     Eastern Box Turtle
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
104. Eastern Painted Turtle  (ph) (*)  ______  NC
     Chrysemys picta picta
     
     
     
     
     Painted Turtles
     (above photo by Howard Eskin; lower photo by Marie Gardner)
     
     
105. Yellowbelly (or Pond) Slider  (ph) (*)  ______   NC  (conspecific with the more-westerly Red-eared Slider, Trachemys scripta elegans)  
     Trachemys s. scripta
     
     In Trachemys scripta, the reddish stripe behind the eye is unique among North American turtles, but not all individuals have it. Rarely, the red is replaced by yellow.     
     
     
     
     
     The Yellowbelly, or Pond Slider
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
106. Spotted Turtle ______ NC
     Clemmys guttata
     
     
107. Bog Turtle  ______  NC(west)  NJ
     Clemmys muhlenbergii
     
     
108. Wood Turtle  ______  NJ
     Clemmys insculpta
     
     
109. Common Map Turtle  ______
     Graptemys geographica
     
     
110. Chicken Turtle  ______  FL  NC
     Deirochelys reticularia
     
     
111. Blanding's Turtle  ______  
     Emydoidea blandingii
     
     
112. Diamondback Terrapin  (ph) (*)  ______ NC  NJ
     Malaclemys terrapin
     
     
     
     
     Diamondback Terrapin
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
     Family TESTUDINIDAE
     
     
113. Gopher Tortoise  ______  FL
     Gopherus polyphemus
     
     
     Families DERMOCHELYIDAE and CHELONIIDAE
     
     An excellent book, filled with good information about Sea Turtles, and interesting reading, is "Voyage of the Turtle - in Pursuit of the Earth's Last Dinosaur", by Carl Safina, published in 2007.   
     
     
114. Leatherback (Sea Turtle) (ph) (*)  ______  NC  NJ  (offshore ocean)
     Dermochelys coriacea
     
     Along the Atlantic Coast of eastern North America, the Leatherback Sea Turtle has nested as far north as North Carolina, and on several beaches around the Gulf of Mexico.
     In the Western Atlantic Ocean at sea the Leatherback occurs as far north as Newfoundland and as far south as Argentina. It has commonly occurred in New England waters during the summer months.     
     
     But in 20 years, from 1980 to 2000, the Leatherback Sea Turtle lost an estimated 70 per cent of its worldwide population.
     One study saw this decline in only 14 years. It estimated that Leatherback numbers fell from 115,000 adult females alive in 1982 to fewer than 35,000 in 1996. 
     The two main problems for the species were said to be drowning in fishing gear and having its eggs taken by people, mainly for food and supposed aphrodisiac powers.        
     
     
115. Loggerhead (Sea Turtle) (ph) (*) ______  NC  NJ  (offshore ocean)
     Caretta caretta 
     
     The Loggerhead Turtle nests in eastern North America as far north as a few undisturbed beaches in North Carolina. In the western Atlantic Ocean, it occurs at sea as far north as the Canadian Maritime Provinces and as far south as Argentina.   
     
     
     
     
     Loggerhead Sea Turtle 
     (photographed by Alan Brady 
     during a FONT North Carolina pelagic trip)
       
     
116. Green Turtle  ______ 
     Chelonia mydas
     
     In the western Atlantic Ocean, the Green Turtle has occurred at sea as far north as Massachusetts and as far south as northern Argentina.  
     
     
117. Atlantic Hawksbill  ______
     Eretmochelys imbricata imbricata
     
     In the western Atlantic Ocean, the Atlantic Hawksbill has been found at sea as far north as southern New England and as far south as southern Brazil.
     
     
118. Kemp's Ridley  ______
     Lepidochelys kempii
     
     The Kemp's Ridley occurs chiefly in the Gulf of Mexico, but immatures often appear in the summer and fall as far north as New England, and more rarely to Nova Scotia.
     
     The closely-related Olive Ridley may eventually appear in eastern North America, particularly Florida, Nesting colonies, apparently derived from migrants across the Atlantic Ocean from West Africa, occur on several beaches in the Guianas and Trinidad, and strays have been been known in Puerto Rica and the northern coast of Cuba.        
     
     
     Family TRIONYCHIDAE
     
     
119. Eastern Spiny Softshell ______
     Apalone spinifera spinifera
     Apalone spinifera aspera  Gulf Coast Shiny Softshell  ______  NC
     
     
120. Florida Softshell  ______
     Apalone ferox
     
     
     LIZARDS
     
     
     Family POLYCHRIDAE
     
     
121. Carolina Anole  (*)  ______  NC  (also called Green Anole)
     Anolis carolinensis 
     
     
122. Brown Anole  (i) (ph)  ______  FL
     Anolis sagrei
     
     
     
     
     A Brown Anole photographed during a FONT tour
     
     
     Family PHRYNOSOMATIDAE
     
     
123. Fence Lizard  (*)  ______  
     Sceloporus undulatus hyacinthinus  Northern Fence Lizard  ______  NC  NJ
     Sceloporus u. undulatus  Southern Fence Lizard  ______  FL(north) 
     
     
124. Florida Scrub Lizard  ______  FL
     Sceloporus woodi
     
     
     Family LACERTIDAE
     
     
125. Italian Wall Lizard  (i)  ______
     Podarcis sicula
     
     The Italian Wall Lizard is native to Italy and Mediterranean islands, with colonies also in Spain and Turkey. It was known to be in Philadelphia, but has not been seen there for decades. 
     
     
     Family SCINCIDAE
     
     
126. Five-lined Skink  ______ NC
     Eumeces fasciatus
     
     
127. Southeastern Five-lined Skink  ______ NC
     Eumeces inexpectatus
     
     
128. Broadhead Skink  ______ NC
     Eumeces laticeps
     
     
129. Coal Skink  ______
     Eumeces a. anthracinus  Northern Coal Skink  ______  NC
     Eumeces anthracinus pluvialis  Southern Coal Skink  ______ 
     
     
130. Ground Skink  ______  NC
     Scincella lateralis
     
     
131. Mole Skink  ______
     Eumeces egregius similis  Northern Mole Skink  ______  FL(north)
     Eumeces egregius onocrepis  Peninsula Mole Skink  ______  FL(central) 
     Eumeces egregius egregius  Florida Keys Mole Skink  ______  FL(south)
     
     
132. Sand Skink  ______  FL
     Neoseps reynoldsi  
     
     
     Family TEIIDAE
     
     
133. Six-lined Racerunner  ______ NC  (conspecific with the more-westerly Prairie Racerunenr)
     Cnemidophorus s. sexlineatus
     
     
     Family ANGUIDAE
     
     
134. Slender Glass Lizard ______  
     Ophisaurus attenuatus longicaudus  Eastern Slender Glass Lizard  ______  FL  NC
     
     
135. Eastern Glass Lizard  (*)  ______ NC
     Ophisaurus ventralis
     
     
136. Mimic Glass Lizard  ______  NC
     Ophisaurus mimicus
     
     
137. Island Glass Lizard  ______  FL
     Ophisaurus compressus
     
     
     Family AMPHISBAENIDAE  (in the suborder AMPHISBAENIA)
     
     
138. Florida Worm Lizard  ______  FL
     Rhineura floridanus 
     
     
     SNAKES
     
     
     Family COLUBRIDAE
     
     
139. Eastern Worm Snake ______ NC
     Carphophis amoenus amoenus
     
     
140. Pine Woods Snake  ______  NC
     Rhadinaea flavilata
     
     
141. Scarlet Snake ______  NC
     Cemophora coccinea 
     Cemophora coccinea copei  Northern Scarlet Snake  ______  NC  NJ
     Cemophora c. coccinea  Florida Scarlet Snake  ______  FL 
     
     
142. Short-tailed Snake  ______  FL
     Stilosoma extennaatum
     
     
143. Black Racer  (*)  ______ 
     Coluber constrictor
     Coluber c. constrictor  Northern Black Racer  ______  NC
     Coluber constrictor priapus  Southern Black Racer  ______
     Coluber constrictor paludicola  Everglades Racer  ______  FL   
     
     
144. Ringneck Snake  ______
     Diadophis punctatus
     Diadophis punctatus edwardsii  Northern Ringneck Snake  ______
     Diadophis punctatus punctatus  Southern Ringneck Snake  ______  NC
     
     
145. Corn Snake ______  NC
     Elaphe g. guttata
     
     
146. Rat Snake  ______  
     Elaphe o. obseleta  Black Rat Snake  ______  NC
     Elaphe obselata quadrivitata  Yellow Rat Snake  ______  NC(south)
     Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni  Everglades Rat Snake  ______  FL 
     
     
147. Eastern Mud Snake  ______  NC 
     Farancia a. abacura
     
     
148. Rainbow Snake  ______ NC
     Farancia erytrogramma
     Farancia erytrogramma seminola  South Florida Rainbow Snake  ______  FL
     
     
149. Eastern Hognose Snake  ______  NC
     Heterodon platyrhinos
     
     
150. Southern Hognose Snake ______  NC 
     Heterodon simus
     
     
151. Pine Snake  ______  
     Pituophis melanoleucus melanoleucus  Northern Pine Snake  ______  NJ
     Pituophis melanoleucos mugitus  Florida Pine Snake  ______  FL 
     
     
152. Mole Kingsnake ______  NC  (a subspecies of the Prairie Kingsnake)
     Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata
     
     
153. Kingsnake  ______ 
     Lampropeltis g. getulus  Eastern Kingsnake  ______  NC
     Lampropeltis getulus sticticeps  Outer Banks Kingsnake  ______  NC
     Lampropeltis getulus floridana  Florida Kingsnake  ______  FL
     
     
154. Scarlet Kingsnake, Eastern Milk Snake ______   
     These 2 forms, that appear so different from each other, were long thought to be 2 species, but are actually conspecific. There's a zone of intergradation, with snakes having intermediate characteristics.
     Lampropeltis t. triangulum  Eastern Milk Snake  ______  NC
     Lampropeltis triangulum elapsoides  Scarlet Kingsnake  ______  FL  NC     
     
     
155. Eastern Coachwhip ______ NC  
     Masticophis f. flagellum
     
     The Eastern Coachwhip is probably the longest snake in North Carolina. 
     
     
156. Redbelly Water Snake ______ NC
     Nerodia erythrogaster
     
     
157. Banded Water Snake  ______ NC
     Nerodia fasciata fasciata
     Nerodia fasciata pictiventris  Florida Water Snake  ______  FL
     
     
158. Brown Water Snake ______  NC
     Nerodia taxispilota
     
     
159. Northern Water Snake  (ph) (*)  ______ 
     Nerodia sipedon sipedon
     Nerodia sipedon pleuralis  Midland Water Snake  ______  NC 
     
     The Northern Water Snake is a common resident of swamps, marshes, bogs, streams, and pond and lake borders. 
     Quiet waters are preferred, but it can occur by swift-flowing streams and in the environs of waterfalls. It can be in any of these wet places where it has not been exterminated by people or pollution.    
     
     
     
     
     Two Photographs of the Northern Water Snake
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
     
     
     
160. Florida Green Water Snake  ______  NC
     Nerodia floridana
     
     
161. Salt Marsh Snake  ______
     Nerodia clarkii clarkii  Gulf Salt Marsh Snake  ______  FL(north)
     Nerodia clarkii compressicauda  Mangrove Salt Marsh Snake  ______  FL  
     
     
162. Rough Green Snake  ______  NC
     Opheodrys aestivus
     
     
163. Smooth Green Snake  ______
     Opheodrys vernalis
     
     
164. Eastern Indigo Snake  ______
     Drymarchon corais couperi 
     
     
165. Glossy Crayfish Snake ______  NC
     Regina rigida
     
     
166. Queen Snake  ______  NC(west)
     Regina septemvittata
     
     
167. Striped Crayfish Snake  ______  FL
     Regina alleni
     
     
168. Kirtland's Snake  ______
     Clonophis kirtlandii
     
     
169. Black Swamp Snake ______  NC
     Seminatrix pygaea
     
     
170. Brown Snake  ______  
     Storeia dekayi dekayi  Northern Brown Snake  ______  NC
     Storeia dekayi victa  Florida Brown Snake  ______  FL
     
     
171. Redbelly Snake ______  NC
     Storeria occipitomaculata
     
     
172. Southeastern Crowned Snake ______ NC
     Tantilla coronata
     
     
173. Peninsula Crowned Snake  ______  FL
     Tantilla r. relicta
     Tantilla relicta neilli  Central Florida Crowned Snake  ______  FL
     Tantilla relicta paralica  Coastal Dunes Crowned Snake  ______  FL
     
     
174. Rim Rock Crowned Snake  ______  FL
     Tantilla oolitica
     
     
175. Eastern Garter Snake  (ph) (*)  ______ NC
     Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis
     Thamnophis sirtalis pallidulus  Maritime Garter Snake  ______  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     Two photographs of the Eastern Garter Snake
     (above photo by Doris Potter; lower photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
176. Shorthead Garter Snake  ______
     Thamnophis brachystoma
     
     
177. Ribbon Snake ______ 
     Thamnophis s. sauritus  Eastern Ribbon Snake  ______  NC
     Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis  Northern Ribbon Snake  ______  
     Thamnophis sauritus sackenii  Peninsula Ribbon Snake  ______  FL
     Thamnophis sauritus nitae  Bluestripe Ribbon Snake  ______  
      
     
178. Rough Earth Snake ______  NC
     Virginia striatula
     
     
179. Eastern Smooth Earth Snake ______  NC
     Virginia v. valeriae 
     
     
     Family ELAPIDAE 
     
     
180. Eastern Coral Snake  ______  FL  NC(south)
     Micrurus fulvius fulvius
     
     
     Family VIPERIDAE
     
     
181. Copperhead ______   (venomous)
     Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen  Northern Copperhead  ______  NC
     Agkistrodon c. contortrix  Southern Copperhead  ______  FL  NC
     
     
182. Cottonmouth  (ph) (*)  ______   (venomous)
     Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus  Eastern Cottonmouth  ______  NC 
     Agkistrodon piscivorus conanti  Florida Cottonmouth  ______  FL
     
     
     
     
     Cottonmouth, showing the open white mouth
     (photo courtesy of Michael Christopher)
     
     
183. Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake  ______  NC  (venomous)
     Crotalus adamanteus
     
     
184. Timber Rattlesnake  (ph) (*)   _____  NC  NJ  (venomous)
     Crotalus horridus
     
     In the Carolinas, Crotalus horridus is also called the "Canebrake Rattlesnake".
     
     
     
     
     Timber Rattlesnake
     (photo by Fred Lesser)
     
     
185. Pygmy Rattlesnake  ______   (venonmous)
     Sistrurus m. miliarius  Carolina Pygmy Rattlesnake  ______  NC
     Sistrurus miliarius barbouri  Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake  ______  FL