PANAMA
BIRDS
during Focus On Nature Tours
1998 thru 2011
(during the months of February,
March,
August, October & November)
The following list compiled by Armas Hill
Photo at right: KEEL-BILLED TOUCAN
There have been 9 FONT birding tours in
Panama.
563 species of birds have cumulatively been seen.
Codes:
(PNe): endemic to Panama
(PNi): introduced species in Panama
(t): a globally threatened or
rare species, designated by Birdlife International.
(t1):
critical (t2):
endangered (t3): vulnerable
(nt): a near-threatened species
globally
(PNt): a nationally threatened species in Panama
(t1):
critical (t2):
endangered (t3): vulnerable
(PNnt): in Panama, a nationally near-threatened species
(PNr): rare in Panama
(ph): species with photo in the FONT website
CB: the Panama Canal Basin, including areas of Panama City, Gamboa, Pipeline and
Plantation Roads, Barro Colorado Island, and various other nearby places in the Soberania and Chagres National Parks.
On the Caribbean side of the Canal Basin, locations include: the Escobal &
Achiote Roads, Fort Sherman, Isla Gaviota, and Sierra Llorona.
CH: highlands in
Chiriqui province, in western Panama
CL: lowlands in Chiriqui province, in western Panama
DL: lowlands in Darien, in eastern Panama
EP: eastern Panama province
Links:
A
List & Photo Gallery of Central American Birds, Part 1 of 4 Parts (with
links to the others)
Mammals
in Central America
(with
some photos) (& with links to Other Nature)
Butterflies
in Central America
(with
some photos)
Upcoming
FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Central America
Highlights
of previous FONT tours in Panama


Above: a juvenile Harpy Eagle
Between October 2000 & December 2006, nests were found in Panama
of 25 breeding pairs of Harpy Eagles in the province of Darien.
Most were in tropical rain forest at an average altitude
of nearly 400 feet above sea level, ranging in elevations
from 150 to about 900 feet.
Nest densities are estimated to be 4 to 6 in about 50 square miles.
Each breeding pair occupies from 8 to 12 square miles of forest.
This nesting density of Harpy Eagles is the highest that's known
for the species throughout its entire breeding range.
Bird-List:
- Great Tinamou (*) ______
CB DL EP
Tinamus major castaneiceps
- Little Tinamou (*) ______ CB
CH DL EP
Crypturellus soui poliocephalus
- Choco Tinamou ______
Crypturellus kerriae
- Highland Tinamou ______
Nothocercus bonapartei
- Gray-headed Chachalaca (*) ______ CB
CH CL DL
Ortalis cinereiceps
(monotypic)
- Black Guan (nt) ______
(total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
Chamaepetes unicolor
- Crested Guan (PNt3) (ph) (*) ______
CB
Penelope purpurascens aequatorialis
- Great Curassow (nt) (PNt3) (*) ______ CB
Crax r. rubra
- Marbled Wood Quail (PNt3) (*) ______
Odontophorus gujanensis marmoratus
- Black-eared Wood Quail ______
(was conspecific with the Rufous-fronted Wood Quail
of South America)
Odontophorus melanotis
- Black-breasted Wood Quail ______
(was conspecific with the Rufous-fronted Wood Quail
of South America)
Odontophorus melanotis
- Tacarcuna Wood Quail ______
Odontophorus dialeucos
- Spotted Wood Quail _______
Odontophorus guttatus
- Tawny-faced Quail ______
Rhynchortyx cinctus
- Crested Bobwhite (*) ______
DL (considered
by some conspecific with the more-northerly Spot-bellied Bobwhite)
Colinus cristatus (2 subspecies in Panama)
Colinus cristatus mariae (northwest PN. Chiriqui)
Colinus cristatus panamensis (southwest PN)
- Black-bellied Whistling Duck (PNt3)
(ph) (*) ______ CB CL
Dendrocygna a. autumnalis
- Fulvous Whistling Duck (PNr) (*) ______
Dendrocygna bicolor
(monotypic)
- White-faced Whistling Duck ______
Dendrocygna viduata
- Muscovy Duck (PNt3) (ph) (*) ______ CB
Cairina moschata (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
- Comb Duck ______
(was conspecific with what is now the Knob-billed Duck
of Asia & Africa)
Sarkidiornis syvicola
- Blue-winged Teal (ph) (*) ______ CL
Anas discors (monotypic)
- Mallard (ph) ______
Anas platyrhynchos
- White-cheeked Pintail ______
Anas bahamensis
- Northern Pintail (ph) ______
Anas acita
- Green-winged Teal (ph) ______
Anas carolinensis
- Cinnamon Teal ______
Anas cyanoptera
- Northern Shoveler (ph) ______
Anas clypeata
- American Wigeon (ph) ______
Anas americana
- Ring-necked Duck (ph) ______
Aythya collaris
- Lesser Scaup (ph) ______
Aythya affinis
- Masked Duck ______
Nomonyx dominicus
- Wandering Albatross (t3) ______
(offshore)
Diomedes exulans
- Waved Albatross ______ (offshore)
Phoebastria irrorata
- Gray-headed Albatross (t3) ______
Thalassarches chrysostoma
- Galapagos Petrel ______ (was
part of the Dark-rumped Petrel)
Pterodroma phaeopygia
- Parkinson's (or Black) Petrel
______
Procellaria parkinsoni
- Cory's Shearwater (ph) ______
Calonectris diomedea
- Wedge-tailed Shearwater ______
Puffinus pacificus
- Sooty Shearwater (ph) ______
Pufinus griseus
- Townsend's Shearwater ______
Puffinus auricularis
- Audubon's Shearwater (ph) ______
Puffinus iherminieri
- Wilson's Storm Petrel (ph) ______
Oceanites oceanicus
- White-vented Storm Petrel ______
Oceanites gracilis
- Wedge-rumped Storm Petrel ______
Oceanodroma tethys
- Black Storm Petrel ______
Oceanodroma melania
- Markham's Storm Petrel ______
Oceanodroma markhami
- Least Storm Petrel ______
Oceanodroma microsoma
- Least Grebe (ph) (*) ______
CL
Tachybaptus
(formerly Podiceps) dominicus brachypterus
- Pied-billed Grebe (*) ______ CB
CL
Podilymbus podiceps
(2 subspecies in Panama)
Podilymbus p. podiceps (west PN)
Podilymbus podiceps antarcticus (east PN)
- American White Ibis (ph) (*) ______ CB
CL DL
Eudocimus albus
(monotypic)
- Scarlet Ibis (ph) ______
Eudocimus ruber
- Glossy Ibis (ph) (*) ______
Plegadis falcinellus
(has been called monotypic)
- Green Ibis ______
Mesembrinibis cayennensis
- Buff-necked Ibis (ph) ______
Theristicus caudatus
- Roseate Spoonbill (ph) ______
Ajaia ajaja
- Wood Stork (ph) (*) ______ CL
DL
Mycteria americana
(monotypic)
- Jabiru (ph) ______
Jabiru mycteria
- Least Bittern (ph) ______
Ixobrychus exilis
- American Bittern (ph) ______
Botaurus lentiginosus
- Rufescent Tiger Heron (ph) (*) ______ CB
Tigrisoma l. lineatum
- Bare-throated Tiger Heron (PNt3)
(*) ______ CL
Tigrisoma mexicanum
(monotypic)
- Fasciated Tiger Heron ______
Tigrisoma fasiatum
- Agami (or Chestnut-bellied)
Heron (nt) (ph) (*) ______ DL
Agamia agami (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
- Capped Heron (ph) (*) ______ DL
Pilherodius pileatus (monotypic, and the single member
of its genus)
- Cocoi Heron (ph) (*) _____ CB
Ardea cocoi (monotypic)
- Great Blue Heron (*) ______
CB CL DL
Ardea h. herodias
- Great Egret (ph) (*) ______
CB CH CL DL EP
Casmerodius (has been Ardea) alba egretta
- Snowy Egret (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH CL DL
Egretta t. thula
- Little Blue Heron (ph) (*) ______ CB
CL DL EP
Egretta caerulea
(monotypic)
- Tricolored Heron (ph) (*) ______ CB
DL (was called Louisiana Heron)
Egretta tricolor ruficollis
- Reddish Egret (ph) ______
Egretta rufescens
- Western Cattle Egret (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH CL DL EP
Bubulcus ibis
- Green Heron (*) ______ CB
CL (was at one time considered conspecific with the
nearly-cosmopolitan Striated Heron, and was then called Green-backed
Heron)
Butorides v. virescens
- Striated Heron (ph) (*) ______ CB
EP (was at one time considered conspecific with the Green
Heron of North America and most of Central America, and was then
called Green-backed Heron)
Butorides s. striata
- Boat-billed Heron (ph) (*) ______ CB
Cochlearius cochlearius panamensis
- Black-crowned Night Heron (*)
______ CB
CL
Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli
- Yellow-crowned Night Heron (ph) (*) ______ CB
Nyctanassa violacea caliginis
(the single member of its
genus)
- White-tailed Tropicbird (ph) ______
Phaethon lepturus
- Red-billed Tropicbird (ph) ______
Phaethon aethereus
- Magnificent Frigatebird (ph) (*) ______ CB
CL DL
Fregata magnificens
(now said to be monotypic)
- Brown Pelican (ph) (*) ______ CB
CL DL
Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis
- American White Pelican (ph) ______
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
- Brown Booby (ph) (*) ______ CB
Sula l. leucogaster
(Caribbean)
Sula leucogaster etesiaca (Pacific)
- Blue-footed Booby (*) ______ CB
Sula n. nebouxii
- Masked Booby ______
Sula dactylatra
- Nazca Booby (ph) ______
Sula granti
- Peruvian Booby ______
Sula variegata
- Red-footed Booby (ph) ______
Sula sula
- Neotropic Cormorant (ph) (*) ______
CB CL DL EP (was called Olivaceous
Cormorant)
Phalacrocorax b. brasilianus
(formerly
P. o. olivaceus)
- Guanay Cormorant ______
Phalacrocorax bougainvillii
- Anhinga (ph) (*) ______
CB CL DL
Anhinga anhinga leucogaster
- King Vulture (ph) (*) ______ CL DL
Sarcoramphus papa (monotypic, and the single member of its
genus)
- Turkey Vulture (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH CL DL EP
Cathartes aura ruficollis
(birds from further north also migrate
thru/to Panama)
- Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture (ph)
(*) ______
Cathartes burrovianus (monotypic)
- Black Vulture (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH CL DL EP
Coragyps atratus (now said to be monotypic) (the only member
of its genus)
- Northern Crested Caracara (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH CL (formerly conspecific with the now Southern Caracara,
Caracara plancus, of South America, generally south of the Amazon)
Caracara cheriway (monotypic)
- Yellow-headed Caracara (*) ______ CB
CL DL EP
Milvago chimachima cordata
- Red-throated Caracara (*) ______ DL
Ibycter americanus (the single member of its genus)
- Laughing Falcon (*) ______ CB
CH
Herpstotheres c. cachinnans
- Barred Forest Falcon (*) ______ CH
Micrastur ruficollis interstes
- Slaty-backed Forest Falcon (*) ______ CH
Micrastur mirandollei
(monotypic)
- Collared Forest Falcon (*) ______ CB
Micrastur semitorquatus naso
- American Kestrel (ph) (*) ______ CH
DL
Falco s. sparverius
(subspecies from further north in North America
that winters in Panama)
- Merlin (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH
Falco c. columbarius
- Aplomado Falcon (ph) (*) ______
Falco f. femoralis
- Bat Falcon (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH CL
Falco r. petoensis
- Peregrine Falcon (ph) (*) ______ CB
CL
Falco peregrinus anatum
(subspecies from further north in
North America that winters in Panama)
- Orange-breasted Falcon (ph) ______
Falco deiroleucos
- Osprey (ph) (*) ______ CB
CL
Pandion haliaetus carolinensis
(the single member of its genus)
- Gray-headed (or Cayenne) Kite
(*) ______ CB
DL
Leptodon c. cayanensis (the single member of its genus)
- Hook-billed Kite (*) ______ DL
Chondrohierax u. uncinatus (the single member of its genus)
- Swallow-tailed Kite (ph) (*) ______ CB
CH
Elanoides forficatus (the single member of its genus)
(2
subspecies in Panama, E. f. foficatus,
& e, f. yetapa)
- Pearl Kite (*) ______ DL
Gampsonyx swainsonii leonae (the single member of its genus)
- White-tailed Kite (ph) (*) ______ CH
CL
Elanus leucurus majusculus
- Double-toothed Kite (*) ______ CB
CH
Harpagus bidentatus fasciatus
- Plumbeous Kite (*) ______ CB
Ictinia plumbea (monotypic)
- Mississippi Kite ______
Ictinia mississippiensis
- Snail Kite (PNr) (ph) (*) ______ CB
CL
Rostrhamus s. sociabilis
- Slender-billed Kite ______
Helicolestes
(formerly Rostrhamus) hamatus