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E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-800-721-9986
 or 302/529-1876; Fax: 302/529-1085

 

Mammals & Other Wildlife 
during FONT Birding & Nature Tours 

in
Brazil

1992 thru 2008

(during the months of February, March, 
July, August, September, and October)

List compiled by Armas Hill

Codes:

Threatened Species, designated in CITES:
(t1): critically endangered   
(t2): endangered
(t3): vulnerable
(ti): threatened (but with status indeterminate)

(i): species introduced into Brazil 

af:  the Alta Floresta and Rio Cristalino areas (mostly Amazonian) in northern Mato Grosso state
am: 
Amazonas state, mostly in the area of Manaus   
br
:  Brasilia
es
:  Espiritu Santo state
ig:
  the area of Iguacu Falls
mn
:  Minas Gerais state
ms: 
Mato Grosso do Sul state, including the southern Pantanal 
mt:
  Mato Grosso state, excluding Alta Floresta/Rio Cristalino  (including the northern Pantanal, Chapada dos Guimaraes, Serra das Araras, and the Jardim da Amazonia, in central MT near the Rio Claro)
rs:  Rio Grande do Sul in far-southern Brazil 
se: 
southeast Brazil (in the states of Rio de Janeiro & Sao Paulo, including the areas of Itatiaia National Park, and Cubatao, Ubatuba, Angra dos Reis, and Cabo Frio along the coast) 


FOR A NUMBER OF MAMMALS BELOW, BRAZILIAN NAMES ARE GIVEN BENEATH THE SCIENTIFIC NAMES, AFTER BR:



During the FONT Brazil Tour in Mato Grosso do Sul during September 2006, mammals seen during one night's "safari" included: a JAGUAR, 7 OCELOTS, a PANTANAL CAT, a MANED WOLF, 2 BRAZILIAN TAPIRS, and a number of GIANT ANTEATERS in addition to MARSH DEER, BROCKET DEER, YELLOW ARMADILLO, TAPITI (or BRAZILIAN RABBIT), many CAPYBARAS, CRAB-EATING FOX, CRAB-EATING RACCOON, and various BATS (along with an assortment of nocturnal birds: OWLS & NIGHTJARS).


Some of the FONT group participants in September 2006
who saw the animals & birds noted above.


Links:

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Brazil

Birds during Previous Tours in Brazil (1,032): 
Part 1: Tinamous to Flycatchers
Part 2: Antshrikes to Grosbeaks



Mammals:

   
     
AMERICAN OPOSSUMS - Family Didelphidae

  1. Southern (or Black-eared) Opossum  ______  af  
    Didelphis marsupialis
    BR: Gamba de Orelha Preta

  2. White-eared Opossum ______ af,se
    Didelphis albiventris 
    BR: Gamba de Orelha Branca


    ARMADILLOS - Family Dasypodiidae

  3. Nine-banded (or Common Long-nosed) Armadillo ______ mt
    Dasypus novemcinctus
    BR: Tatu Galinha

  4. Six-banded (or Yellow) Armadillo ______ ms,mt
    Euphractus sexcinctus 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Tatu Peba


    AMERICAN ANTEATERS - Family Myrmecophagidae

  5. Giant Anteater (t3) ______ af,mn,ms,mt
    Myrmecophaga tridactyla 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Tamandua Bandeira




    This Giant Anteater was photographed at night during our tour in Mato Grosso do Sul 
    in September 2006. We saw a nice number of these animals both day & night.
    In the above photo, the head of the anteater is to the right, with its long nose 
    toward the ground as the animal feeds. Note the small ear.  
    (Above photo by Andy Smith)

    There's another photograph of a Giant Anteater, walking in open countryside 
    of Brazilian grassland, at the beginning of this list.

       
  6. Southern Tamandua  (or Collared Anteater)  (ti) ______ mt
    Tamandua tetradactyla
    BR: Tamandua Coleta
    or Mambira or Tamandua Mirim


    THREE-TOED SLOTHS - Family Bradypodidae

  7. Pale-throated Three-toed Sloth ______ am
    Bradypus tridactylus
    BR: Preguica de bentinho  

  8. Maned three-toed Sloth (t2) ______ se
    Bradypus torquatus
    BR:  Preguica de coleira



    A rare Maned Three-toed Sloth.
    Bradypus torquatus,
    clinging on the trunk of a Cecropia Tree
    (photographed by Marie Gardner during the FONT March '08 Brazil Tour)
     

    RABBITS - Family Leporidae
  9. Forest Rabbit  ______ mn,ms,mt  (also called Tapiti, and Brazilian Rabbit)
    Sylvilagus
    (formerly Tapeti) brasiliensis
    BR: Coelho

  10. European Hare (i) ______ rs
    Lepus europaeus

      

    SQUIRRELS - Family Sciuridae

  11. Guianan Squirrel ______ ig,mn,se  (also called Brazilian Squirrel)
    Sciurus
    (formerly Guerlinguetus) aestuans ingrami (in se Brazil)
    BR: Esquilo

  12. Southern Amazonian Red Squirrel ______ af
    Sciurus
    (formerly Urosciurus) spadiceus
    BR: Esquilo


    NEOTROPICAL MICE - Subfamily Sigmodontinae

  13. Azara's Grass Mouse ______ se
    Akodon azarai


    TRUE MICE & RATS - Subfamily Murinae

  14. Western House Mouse (i) ______ se  (was conspecific with the Eastern House Mouse, native to Eurasia, Mus musculus
    Mus domesticus 
    BR: Cachita

  15. Brown Rat (i) ______ am,rs  (has also been called "Norway Rat")
    Rattus norvegicus


    NEW WORLD PORCUPINES - Family Erethizontidae

  16. Brazilian Porcupine ______ mt
    Coendou prehensilis
    BR: Ourico
    or Porco Espinho


    AGOUTIS & PACAS - Family Agoutidae

  17. Azara's Agouti ______ ig,ms,mt
    Dasyprocta fuliginosa
    BR: Cutia

  18. Red-rumped Agouti ______ af,am,mn
    Dasyprocta leporina
    (formerly agouti)
    BR: Cutia

  19. Paca ______ af,mn,mt
    Cuniculus
    (formerly Agouti) paca
    BR: Paca  


    CAVIES & GUINEA-PIGS - Family Caviidae

  20. Spix's Yellow-toothed Cavy ______ se
    Galea spixii

  21. Brazilian Guinea-Pig ______ ms,mt
    Cavia aperea

  22. Greater Guinea-Pig ______ rs
    Cavia magna

  23. Rock Cavy ______ mn
    Kerodon rupestris


    CAPYBARA - Family Hydrochoeridae

  24. Capybara ______ af,ms,mt,rs,se
    Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris 
    (the single member of its genus & its family) 
    BR: Capivara or Cupido




    Capybaras were seen both day (above) & night (below) during our
    tour in Mato Grosso do Sul in September 2006.

    \



    DEGUS & TUCO-TUCOS

  25. Brazilian Tuco-tuco ______ mn
    Ctenomys brasiliensis 


    SPINY RATS - Family Echimyidae

  26. Common Spiny Tree Rat ______ af
    Mesomys hispidus

  27. Coypu ______ rs,se  (also known as Nutria)
    Myocastor coypus 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Ratao do Banhado


    CATS - Family Felidae

  28. Jaguarundi (ti) ______ mn,ms,mt
    Felis
    (formerly Herpailurus) yagouaroundi
    BR: Gato Mourisco  (or Gato Preto for the black morph) 

  29. Pantanal Cat ______ ms  (was part of the Pampas Cat)
    Felis
    (formerly Leopardus) braccata  
    BR: Gato Palheiro




    The Pantanal Cat (formerly part of the more-southerly Pampas Cat)
    photographed at night during our tour in Mato Grosso do Sul in September 2006.
     
  30. Ocelot (t3) ______ ms,mt
    Felis
    (formerly Leopardus) pardalis
    BR: Gato Maracaja



    An Ocelot photographed at night during our tour in Mato Grosso do Sul
    in September 2006. 
       

  31. Jaguar ______  ms
    Panthera
    (formerly Jaguarius) onca  (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Onca Pintada 


    DOGS & FOXES - Family Canidae

  32. Maned Wolf (t3) ______ mn,ms  
    Chrysocyon brachyurus 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Lobo Guara




    Above: A Maned Wolf photographed at night during our tour in Mato Grosso do Sul
    in September 2006.
    (Above photo by Andy Smith) 

    Below: A Maned Wolf as we see it after dark at a monastery during our tour in Minas Gerais.  





  33. Argentine Gray Fox  ______ rs  (this species now includes the "Pampas Fox")
    Pseudalopex
    (has previously been Dusicyon) griseus
    BR: Graxaim do Campo

  34. Crab-eating Fox ______ ms,mt
    Cerdocyon
    (has previously been Dusicyon) thous  (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Cachorro do Mato  (or Graxaim)



    Above & below: Crab-eating Foxes photographed at night during our tour 
    in Mato Grosso do Sul in September 2006. 




  35. Hoary Fox ______ mn,ms
    Lycalopex
    (has previously been Dusicyon) vetulus  (the single member of its genus)

  36. Short-eared Dog ______ af  
    Atelocynus
    (has previously been Dusicyon) microtis  (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Cachorro do Mato 
    (a rarely seen animal)


    EARED SEALS - Family Otariidae

  37. South American Sea-Lion ______ rs
    Otaria byronia 
    (the single member of its genus)


    OTTERS & ALLIES - Family Mustelidae

  38. Greater Grison  ______ af  (has also been called Huron)
    Galictis vittata
    BR: Furao 
    (or Furax)

  39. Tayra ______ af,mn,se
    Eira batbata 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Irara  (or Papa Mel)
    (This animal rather like a South American Marten)

  40. Giant Otter (t2) ______ af,ms,mt
    Pteronura brasiliensis 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Arianha 




    Giant Otters photographed during a FONT tour in the Pantanal of Brazil.
     
  41. Neotropical River Otter ______ ms,mt,se
    Lutra longicaudus
    BR: Lontra
    or Cachorro-d'agua


    RACCOONS - Family Procyonidae

  42. Crab-eating Raccoon ______ ms,mt
    Procyon cancrivorous
    BR: Mao Pelada




    A Crab-eating Raccoon photographed at night 
    during our tour in Mato Grosso do Sul in September 2006.

      
  43. South American Coati ______ ig,mn,ms,mt,se
    Nasua nasua
    BR: Quati
    or Quatimunde 


    SHEATH-TAILED BATS - Family Embalionuridae

  44. Proboscis Bat ______ af
    Rhynchonycteris naso

  45. Greater White-lined Bat ______ af,mt
    Saccopteryx bilineata


    FISHING BATS - Family Noctilionidae

  46. Greater Fishing Bat (also called Bulldog Bat) ______ af,ms,mt
    Noctilio leporinus

  47. Lesser Fishing Bat (also called Bulldog Bat) ______ af,ms,mt
    Noctilio albiventris


    AMERICAN LEAF-NOSED BATS - Family Phyliostomidae

  48. Great Fruit-eating Bat ______ mt
    Artibeus lituratus

    Other bats have been seen. This list will be updated.


    MARMOSETS & TAMARINS - Family Callitrichidae

  49. Pied Bare-faced Tamarin (t1) ______ am
    Saguinus bicolor
    (now considered a distinct species)
    (In other taxonomy, there have been 3 subspecies of what's been called the
    Brazilian Bare-faced Tamarin
    These have been:
    Pied Bare-faced Tamarin, Saguinus bicolor bicolor,
    Martin's Bare-faced Tamarin, Saguinus bicolor martinsi,
    Ochraceous Bare-face Tamarin, Saguinus bicolor ochraceous.
    The
    Pied Bare-faced Tamarin (seen during our '05 tour) is restricted to a 30 kilometer radius of Manaus. The other 2 species (or subspecies) probably range between the lower Rivers Uatuma and Cumina (Erepecuru); their range limits not precisely known.)
    BR: Sauim  (or Sagui de Cara Nua or Sagi de Duascores)  

  50. Buffy-tufted Marmoset (t2) ______  se  (formerly one of the subspecies of the Tufted-eared Marmoset)
    Callithrix aurita
    BR: Sauim 
    (or Sagui)

  51. Buffy-headed Marmoset  (t2) ______ mn  (formerly one of the subspecies of the Tufted-eared Marmoset)
    Callithrix flaviceps
    BR: Sauim 
    (or Sagui)




    A Buffy-headed Marmoset photographed during the FONT tour 
    in Minas Gerais, Brazil, in March 2008
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  52. Black-tailed Marmoset  ______  mt  (formerly a subspecies of the Silvery Marmoset
    Callithrix melanura
    BR: Sauim 
    (or Sagui Branco)


    NEW WORLD MONKEYS - Family Atelidae

     
  53. Black Howler Monkey ______ mn,ms,mt
    Alouatta caraya
    BR: Guariba or Bugio
    (male: black; female: brown)




    Above: male Black Howler Monkey
    Below: female Black Howler Monkey
    Photographed during our tour in Mato Grosso do Sul
    in September 2006. 
     




  54. Red-handed Howler Monkey ______  af
    Alouatta belzebul
    BR: Guariba

  55. Brown Howler Monkey (ti) ______ se
    Alouatta guariba
    (formerly A. fusca)
    BR: Bugio

  56. Guianan Red Howler Monkey ______ am  (split from Venezuelan Red Howler Monkey, Alouatta seniculus)
    Alouatta macconnelli
    BR: Guariba

  57. White-nosed Bearded Saki (t3) ______  af 
    Chiropotes albinasus
    BR: Cuxiu
    or Piroclucu

  58. Brown Tufted Capuchin ______  af,am,mt,ms
    Cebus apella
    BR: Macaco Prego

  59. Black-striped Tufted Capuchin ______ ig
    Cebus libidinosus
    BR: Macaco Prego

  60. Black Tufted Capuchin ______ mn,se
    Cebus nigritus
    BR: Macaco Prego




    A Black-tufted Capuchin photographed during the FONT August 2007 tour
    in Southeast Brazil
    (photo by Dan Coleman)

  61. White-bellied Spider Monkey  (was previously merged with Black Spider Monkey) ______ af
    Ateles belzebuth 
     
    BR: Macaco Aranha  (or Coata)

  62. Masked Titi (t3) ______ mn
    Callicebus personatus
    BR: Sahui Guacu 
    (or Saua or Guigo)

  63. Black-fronted Titi  (formerly a subspecies of Masked Titi) (t3) ______ se
    Callicebus nigrifrons
    BR: Sahui Guacu 
    (or Saua or Guigo


    AMAZON RIVER DOLPHIN - Family Iniidae

  64. Amazon (or Pink) River Dolphin ______ az
    Inia geroffrensis
    BR: Boto
    or Boutu


    MARINE DOLPHINS - Family Delphinidae

  65. Tucuxi  ______ am  (or "Gray Dolphin")
    Sotalia fluviatilis
    BR: Tucuxi
    (This species is found in South American rivers draining into the Atlantic & the Caribbean. It occurs throughout the entire Amazon River basin, and also in coastal waters north to Panama, occasionally to Costa Rica.)  

  66. Common Bottlenose Dolphin ______ rs
    Tursiops truncatus
    (These have been seen during FONT Brazil tours from shore by a rock jetty extending about 2 miles out to sea, in Rio Grande do Sul.)


    PECCARIES - Family Tayassuidae

  67. White-lipped Peccary ______ af,mt,ms,se
    Tayassu pecari 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Queixada

  68. Collared Peccary ______ mt
    Dicotyles tajacu 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Caitetu


    DEER - Family Cervidae 

  69. Marsh Deer (t3) ______ ms,mt
    Blastocerus dichotomus 
    (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Cervo do Pantanal





    Above: A Marsh Deer (& a Giant Cowbird) photographed during our tour
    in Mato Grosso do Sul in September 2006.
    Below: A Marsh Deer photographed during our tour there in March 2008.
    (photo below by Marie Gardner)
      




  70. Pampas Deer ______ mn
    Ozotoceros bezoarticus 
    (the single member of its genus) 

  71. Gray Brocket (Deer) ______ af,rs,mt,ms
    Mazama gouazoubira
    BR: Veado Vira

  72. Red Brocket (Deer) ______ af mt,ms  
    Mazama americana
    BR: Veado Mateiro




    A Red Brocket Deer photographed during the FONT Brazil tour
    in Mato Grosso do Sul in March 2008
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  73. Pygmy Brocket (Deer) ______ ig  (also called Bororo)
    Mazama nana
    BR: Veado
    (rare in a small geographic range)


    TAPIRS - Family Tapiridae

  74. Brazilian Tapir (ti) ______ af,ms,mt
    Tapirus terrestris
    BR: Anta  

Notes regarding Mammals:

During the FONT Brazil Tour in Mato Grosso do Sul during September 2006, mammals seen during one night's "safari" included: a Jaguar, 7 Ocelots, a Pantanal Cat, a Maned Wolf, 2 Brazilian Tapirs, and a number of Giant Anteaters in addition to Marsh Deer, Brocket Deer, Yellow Armadillo, Tapiti (or Brazilian Rabbit), many Capybaras, Crab-eating Fox, Crab-eating Raccoon, and various bats (along with an assortment of nocturnal birds: owls & nightjars).

The very rare Pied Bare-faced Tamarin was seen near Manaus during our August/September 2005 tour in Amazonia.  

As many as 5 Brazilian Tapirs were seen by the Rio Cristalino (in northern Mato Grosso) during our August 1995 tour.

Both adult and juvenile (larger and smaller) Giant Otters were seen during FONT tours in the Rio Cristalino in August 1996, and in the Pantanal in August 2003. 


Other Nature:

  1. Spectacled Caiman ______ af,mt,ms,rs 
    Caiman crocodilus yacare
    (including the Jacare Caiman subspecies in the Pantanal)




    A Spectacled Caiman photographed during our tour in Mato Gross do Sul
    in September 2006. 
       

  2. Green Iguana ______ mt
    Iguana iguana

  3. Golden (or Black) Tegu ______ mt,ms
    Tupinambus teguixin

  4. Common Anaconda ______ mt
    Eunectes murinus

  5. Striped Sharpnose Snake ______ mt
    Xenoxybelis argenteus

  6. bright green snake (sp.) ______ af
    (swimming across Rio Cristalino)

  7. Marine Toad ______ mt  (also called Giant Toad or Cane Toad)
    Bufo marinus

  8. other toads (including Ultramarine) ______

  9. South American Caecilian (also called Ringed Blue Caecilian) ______ mn
    ("leg-less lizard")
    Siphonops annulatus

  10. Helicopter Damselfly ______ af
    Mecitogaster ornata 

  11. Brazilian Morpho Butterfly ______ af
    Morpho deidamia

  12. Sulphur Butterfly ______ af 
    Phoebis sp.

  13. Amphione Dismorpha Butterfly ______ af
    Dismorphia amphione

  14. Green Long-winged Butterfly ______ af
    Philaethria dido

  15. numerous & assorted butterflies ______ af,ig
    A LISTING OF SOUTH AMERICAN, including BRAZILIAN, BUTTERFLIES IS ELSEWHERE IN THIS THIS WEB-SITE 

  16. Leaf-cutter Ants ______ af
    Atta sp.

  17. Burchell's Army Ant ______ af
    Eciton burchelli

  18. "Fire-ants" (their disturbance attracting many birds) ______ mt

  19. other ants en masse (with Fire-eyes and Tufted Antshrikes about) ______ se

  20. Neotropical Colonia Spider ______ br
    Anelosimus eximus " 
    (seen late in the afternoon)

  21. beautiful sunset over Iguacu Falls ______ ig