List and Photo Gallery of North American Birds Olive Warbler to Buntings by Armas Hill

PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA
E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555
or 302/529-1876

The Birds of
North America

Olive Warbler to Buntings

Part 6 of a List and
Photo Gallery of
North American Birds
compiled by Armas Hill

Noting those found during Focus On Nature Tours in Alaska, Arizona, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Kansas, North Carolina, Nebraska, Newfoundland, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, & Washington State, including offshore pelagic trips

Birds found during FONT tours & pelagic trips have an (*).

PHOTO AT UPPER RIGHT: a male PINE GROSBEAK
(photographed during a FONT tour in Colorado)
Other photos of Pine Grosbeaks are in the list that follows.

CODES:

In the list that follows, birds found during FONT tours are noted, indicating the US state or Canadian province & the months when found.

(The codes below relate to the United States unless indicated otherwise.)

AK:    Alaska
AZ:     Arizona
BC:    British Columbia, Canada (until 2001, during our West Coast Tours in September)
CA:    California (during our September West Coast Tours)
CO:    Colorado
DE:    Delaware (including offshore pelagic trips from DE and Delmarva land-birding and nature tours)
FL:    Florida
IA:     Iowa (with our Nebraska Tours in March)
KS:    Kansas (with our Colorado Tours in April)
MD:   Maryland (Delmarva tours)
NC:    North Carolina (including offshore pelagic trips and spring & summer land-birding tours)
NE:    Nebraska (tours in March & with our Colorado tours in April)
NF:    Newfoundland, Canada
NM:   New Mexico (with our West Texas Tours in the spring & our Arizona Tours in the late-summer)
OK:   Oklahoma (with our Colorado Tours in April)
TX:    Texas
VA:    Virginia (Delmarva tours and in conjunction with the NC Tour in the spring)
WA:   Washington State (during our September West Coast Tours)
WY:   Wyoming (with our Colorado Tours in April)

During FONT pelagic trips:

DEP:    offshore from Delaware
CAP:    offshore from California
NCP:    offshore from North Carolina
NJP:    offshore from New Jersey
WAP:   offshore from Washington State

The months when the birds have been found are with the above codes.

(ac):        north of the Arctic Circle
(DT):       in the area of the Dry Tortugas islands in Florida
(PI):        at the Pribilof Islands in Alaska

(USe):        endemic to the USA
(USqe):      quasi (or nearly) endemic to the USA
(USeb):      endemic-breeder in USA
(USneb):    near-endemic breeder in the USA
(NAi):         species introduced into North America
(NAri):        re-introduced species
(r/NA)         rare in North America
(r/US):        rare in the USA

(t): a globally threatened or rare species, designated by Birdlife International
(t1): critical   (t2): endangered   (t3): vulnerable
(nt): a near-threatened species globally

(ph): species with a photo in the FONT web-site

Links to Bird Groupings in this part of this List:

Finches New World Warblers Blackbirds & Orioles Tanagers

Towhees & Sparrows Cardinals, Grosbeaks, Allies

Links to Other Parts of this North American Bird List:

Part #1: Grouse to Anhinga Part #2: Condor to Shorebirds Part #3: Jaegers to Cuckoos

Part #4: Owls to Flycatchers Part #5: Shrikes to Pipits

Links to lists of Birds of:

Alaska Arizona California Colorado Delaware, Maryland, Virginia (Delmarva Peninsula)

North Carolina Texas Washington State

Links to Lists & Photo Galleries of Other Nature, including North American:

Mammals Butterflies, Dragonflies Amphibians, Reptiles Marine Life, incl. Fish, Crustaceans

Links to Information about Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours:

in North America or by month in: 2015 2016 or: by geographic location worldwide

Other Links:

Directory of Photos in this Website

A Photo Gallery of Birds Rare in North America

List of Birds:

Olive Warbler (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep
Peucedramus taeniatus (monotypic and the single member of its family and genus)

Its name notwithstanding, the Olive Warbler is not a warbler at all.

South of the US, the Olive Warbler has been seen during a FONT tour in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

FINCHES
Brambling (*) (ph) ______ (r/NA) AK:may (PI)
Fringilla montifringilla

The Brambling is a Eurasian species. It occurs irregularly in Alaska on the Aleutian Islands, the Pribilof Islands, and St. Lawrence Island. More rarely it occurs elsewhere in North America, in the fall and winter, in Canada and the northern US.

Outside North America, the Brambling has been seen during FONT tours in Japan (including Hegura Island), Poland, Sweden.
Common Chaffinch (ph) ______ (r/NA)
Fringilla coelebs

The Common Chaffinch is an Old World species of the western Palearctic. It occurs rarely in northeastern North America.

Outside North America, the Common Chaffinch has been seen during FONT tours in Bulgaria, the Canary Islands (a distinctive subspecies), France, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey.
Gray-crowned Rosy Finch (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (PI) CO:apr
Leucosticte tephrocotis

A Gray-crowned Rosy Finch photographed during
a FONT tour in Colorado in April
Black Rosy Finch (USe) (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr
Leucosticte atrata (monotypic)

A Black Rosy Finch photographed during
a FONT tour in Colorado in April
Brown-capped Rosy Finch (USe) (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr,jul
Leucosticte australis (monotypic)

A Brown-capped Rosy Finch photographed during
a FONT tour in Colorado in April
Asian Rosy Finch (ph) ______ (r/NA)
Leucosticte arctoa

The Asian Rosy Finch breeds in eastern Asia, including Kamchatka, and winters south to Japan and eastern China. Its migration may be linked to local weather conditions. In Japan, it arrives mainly from late November onward.
The habits of the Asian Rosy Finch are rather like those of the North American rosy finches (above).

The first Asian Rosy Finch ever found in North America was on Adak Island, in the central Aleutian Islands in Alaska, on December 30, 2011.

Outside North America, the Asian Rosy Finch has been seen during FONT tours in Japan on Hokkaido and Honshu (and including Hegura Island).
Pine Grosbeak (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr,jul WA:sep WY:apr
Pinicola enucleator

Outside North America, the Pine Grosbeak has been seen during FONT tours in Hokkaido, Japan.

Pine Grosbeaks, above: a male, below: a female
(above photo by Bob Enever; photo below by Armas Hill)
Purple Finch (*) (ph) ______ CA:sep NE:mar WA:sep
Haemorhous purpureus (formerly Carpodacus purpureus)

Purple Finches, above: a male, below: a female
(both photos by Howard Eskin
Cassin's Finch (nt) (*) (ph) ______ CA:sep CO:apr,jul WA:sep WY:apr
Haemorhous cassinii (formerly Carpodacus cassinii)

A Cassin's Finch photographed during a FONT tour in Wyoming
House Finch (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:mar,apr,may IA:mar KS:apr NC:may,jun,jul,aug NE:mar,apr NM:apr,aug TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep WY:apr
Haemorhous mexicanus (formerly Carpodacus mexicanus)

The House Finch is an introduced species in eastern North America.
It is native to the western United States and Mexico, but today it occurs throughout the entire US and in parts of Canada. The story as to how this came about is interesting:
In the eastern US, in the early 1940s, some pet-store dealers in Brooklyn, and perhaps elsewhere in the New York City area, had in their possession House Finches from California. For dealers to have such birds, however, was illegal, as birds native to anywhere in the US could not be so kept or sold. When informed of this, and therefore aware of their situation, those dealers presumably released their caged birds somewhere on Long Island, New York, and possibly elsewhere in the NY metropolitan area.
Subsequently, the species in the East was first reported in "the wild" during the spring of 1942 at a plant nursery in Babylon, Long Island, where the following spring a nest was found with young. The species spread and became common during the years that followed, firstly in the New York City area, and then beyond. The first sighting in New Jersey, across the Hudson River from New York, was in 1949. By 1962, the species was observed in Washington, DC. Its new range expansion in eastern North America continued. Fifty years later, they had advanced westward across the continent ultimately meeting with their avian relatives in the West.

South of the US, the House Finch has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

House Finch
(photo by Doris Potter)
Common Rosefinch (ph) ______ (r/US)
Carpodacus erythrinus

Another name for Carpodacus erythrinus has been the Scarlet Roserfinch.

The Common Rosefinch is a Eurasian species. It occurs rarely on the western Aleutians and on other western Alaskan islands, mainly in the spring.

Outside North America, the Common, or Scarlet, Rosefinch has been seen during FONT tours in Poland in May.
Red Crossbill (*) (ph) ______ AZ:aug CA:sep CO:apr,jul WA:sep WY:apr
Loxia curvirostra

Another name for Loxia curvirostra, especially in Eurasia, is Common Crossbill.

Outside North America, the Red Crossbill has been seen during FONT tours in Andorra, Bulgaria, France, Iceland (where rare), Japan (as far south as Kyushu, rare there), Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, and south of the US in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

Within the Red Crossbill in North America, there are at least 10 groupings referred to as "call types". Each type has its particular cone preference related to the bird's bill size and shape. These crossbill types may be at an early stage of evolving into full species, and some may already qualify for species status. They are exceedingly difficult to identify in the field and much remains to be learned about their status and distribution.
In Ontario, Canada, Types 2 & 3, and probably 4 occur regularly.
Most Red Crossbill types prefer pines, but the smallest-billed, that is Type 3, the sitkensis subspecies, prefers the small soft cones of hemlocks.
A summary of Red Crossbill subspecies in North America includes the following (in addition to sitkensis):

Loxia curvirostra pusilla: from Newfoundland south into the northeast US
Loxia curvirostra minor: in southern Canada & the northern US, south to the eastern US
Loxia curvirostra bendirei: in southwest Canada & the western US, south to the southern US
Loxia curvirostra viridius: in & near Colorado
Loxia curvirostra reai: in & near Idaho
Loxia curvirostra grinnelli: in the southwest US
Loxia curvirostra stricklandi: in the southern US & Mexico
Loxia curvirostra mesoamericana: from Guatemala to northern Nicaragua

A Red Crossbill at a feeder during a FONT tour in Wyoming
White-winged Crossbill (*) (ph) ______ AK:jun WA:sep
Loxia leucoptera

Loxia leucopteta is called the Two-barred Crossbill in Eurasia.

Outside North America, the Two-barred, or White-winged, Crossbill has been seen during FONT tours in Sweden.

South of the US, the closely-related Hispaniolan Crossbill, Loxia megaplaga, has been seen during FONT tours in the Dominican Republic. That isolated population in the mountains of Hispaniola is now said to be distinct from the White-winged Crossbill with which it has been considered conspecific.

A White-winged Crossbill at a feeder
(photo by Matt Orsie)
Oriental Greenfinch (*) ______ (r/US) AK:jun (PI)
Chloris sinica (formerly Carduelis sinica)

Chloris sinica has also been called the Grey-capped Greenfinch.

With whatever common name, Chloris sinica is an Asian species. It occurs rarely in Alaska on western Aleutian Islands and on the Pribilof Islands, mainly in the spring.

Outside North America, the Oriental Greenfinch has been seen during FONT tours in Japan.
Eurasian Siskin (ph) ______ (r/NA)
Spinus spinus (formerly Carduelis spinus)

The Eurasian Siskin is a Palearctic species. It has occurred on Attu Island, the westernmost of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, on June 4, 1978, and on May 21 & 22, 1993, the latter taken as a specimen.
It has also occurred in northeast North America, but the origin of the species there is uncertain. A male was photographed on the French island of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, offshore from Newfoundland, on June 23, 1983.

Outside North America, the Eurasian Siskin has been seen during FONT tours in Iceland (where recently established), Japan (including Hegura Island), Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden.
Pine Siskin (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun AZ:jan,aug BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NE:mar OK:apr TX:apr,may WA:sep WY:apr
Spinus pinus (formerly Carduelis pinus)

South of the US, the Pine Siskin has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

A Pine Siskin
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Lesser Goldfinch (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep CO:jul CA:sep TX:mar,apr,may
Spinus psaltria (formerly Carduelis psaltria)

South of the US, the Lesser Goldfinch has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

A male Lesser Goldfinch of the dark-backed form, photographed in Texas
(photo by Rhett Poppe)
American Goldfinch (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,aug,sep BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:mar,apr,may KS:apr NC:may,jun,aug NE:mar,apr NF:jul TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep
Spinus tristis (formerly Carduelis tristis)

American Goldfinch
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Lawrence's Goldfinch (*) ______ CA:sep
Spinus lawrencei (formerly Carduelis lawrencei)
Common Redpoll (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (PI)
Acanthis flammea (formerly Carduelis flammea)

Outside North America, the Common Redpoll has been seen during FONT tours in Iceland (including an endemic subspecies), Japan (Hokkaido), Sweden.

.

Common Redpoll
(photo by James Scheib)
Hoary Redpoll (*) ______ AK:may,jun (ac)
Acanthis hornemanni (formerly Carduelis hornemanni)

Another name for Acanthis hornemanni is the Arctic Redpoll.

Outside North America, Acanthis hornemanni has been seen during a FONT tour in Iceland.
Eurasian Bullfinch ______ (r/US)
Pyrrhula pyrrhula

A Palearctic species. It occurs rarely on the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and more rarely in winter on the Alaskan mainland.

Outside North America, the Eurasian Bullfinch has been seen during FONT tours in Japan, where two subspecies have been seen: P. p. rosacea & P. p. griseiventris.
In Europe, the Eurasian Bullfinch has been seen during FONT tours in Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden.
Hawfinch ______ (r/US)
Coccothraustes coccothraustes

A Eurasian species. It occurs rarely in the spring on the outer Aleutian Islands, and more rarely on other western Alaskan islands.

Outside North America, the Hawfinch has been seen during FONT tours in Bulgaria, Hungary, Japan (including Hegura Island), Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Turkey.
Evening Grosbeak (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr,jul WA:sep WY:apr
Coccothraustes vespertinus

An Evening Grosbeak photographed during a FONT tour in Wyoming

NEW WORLD WARBLERS
Blue-winged Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:jun TX:may
Vermivora pinus

South of the US, the Blue-winged Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

Blue-winged Warbler
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Golden-winged Warbler (nt) (*) ______ TX:may
Vermivora chrysoptera

South of the US, the Golden-winged Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Venezuela.
Tennessee Warbler (*) (ph) ______ FL:apr (DT) TX:apr,may
Oreothlypis peregrina (formerly Vermivora peregrina)

South of the US, the Tennessee Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Panama.

Tennessee Warbler
Orange-crowned Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun AZ:jul,aug BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr FL:apr (DT) KS:apr NM:apr TX:mar,apr WA:sep
Oreothlypis celata (formerly Vermivora celata)

South of the US, the Orange-crowned Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica (where rare), Guatemala, Mexico.

Orange-crowned Warbler
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Nashville Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AZ:aug TX:apr,may
Oreothlypis ruficapilla (formerly Vermivora ruficapilla)

South of the US, the Nashville Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico.

Nashville Warbler
(photo by Clair de Beauvior)
Virginia's Warbler (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug CO:apr,jul
Oreothlypis virginiae (formerly Vermivora virginiae) (monotypic)

South of the US, the Virginia's Warbler has been seen during a FONT tour in Mexico.
Colima Warbler (nt) (*) ______ TX:apr,may
Oreothlypis crissalis (formerly Vermivora crissalis)

South of the US, the Colima Warbler has been seen during a FONT tour in Mexico.

The only breeding location in the US for the Colima Warbler is in the highlands of west Texas, in the Chisos Mountains.
Lucy's Warbler (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug
Oreothlypis luciae (formerly Vermivora luciae)
Bachman's Warbler (t1) ______ (now probably extinct)
Vermivora bachmanii

Occurred as a breeder in the southeast US and during its non-breeding season the bird resided in Cuba.

The last definitive occurrence of a Bachman's Warbler was a multiple-observer sighting near the I'On Swamp in South Carolina in the spring of 1962. Later, in 1977 & 1978, two sightings were reported in South Carolina and one in Louisiana. Unfortunately, those reports in the late 1970s were unsubstantiated.
Subsequent searches revealed nothing. None were found during a systematic survey, conducted by the US Fish & Wildlife Service in 2002 at the Congaree Swamp Wildlife Refuge in South Carolina, after reports the previous two years of the bird possibly being there.
Northern Parula (*) (ph) ______ AZ:aug,sep (r/AZ) CA:sep (r/CA) CO:apr (r/CO) DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun,aug TX:mar,apr WA:sep (r/WA)
Setophaga americana (formerly Parula americana)

Northern Parulas have been seen twice (2 different years) during FONT West Coast Tours in September. Once, in California, at Point Reyes, and once in Washington State.

South of the US, the Northern Parula has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Venezuela.

Northern Parula
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Tropical Parula (*) ______ (r/US) TX:may
Setophaga pitiayumi (formerly Parula pitiayumi)

South of the US, the Tropical Parula has been seen during FONT tours in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Venezuela.
Crescent-chested Warbler ______ (r/US)
Oreothlypis superciliosa (formerly Parula superciliosa)

The range of the Crescent-chested Warbler is from northern Mexico to northern Nicaragua. It occurs rarely in southeast Arizona, and more rarely in the Chisos Mountains (Big Bend National Park) in west Texas.

South of the US, the Crescent-chested Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.
Yellow Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun AZ:jul,aug CA:sep CO:jul DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:jun,jul,aug NF:jul NM:apr TX:apr,may WA:sep
Setophaga petechia (formerly Dendroica petechia)

South of the US, the Yellow Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Barbados, Belize, the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Venezuela.
On Cozumel Island, Mexico, and on some Caribbean islands, the form of the Yellow Warbler known as the "Golden Warbler" has been seen. Various subspecies are on Caribbean islands.

Yellow Warbler
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Mangrove Warbler (ph) ______
Setophaga erithachorides (formerly Dendroica erithachorides)

A bird of coastal Central America now considered a species distinct from the Yellow Warbler. It has occurred rarely in southern Texas, along the Gulf Coast, in Aransas County in 1978 & Cameron County in 1990.

South of the US, the Mangrove Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico. Panama.
Chestnut-sided Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) TX:apr,may
Setophaga pensylvanica (formerly Dendroica pensylvanica)

South of the US, the Chestnut-sided Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Panama.

Chestnut-sided Warbler
(photo by Marie Grenouillet)
Magnolia Warbler (*) (ph) ______ FLapr (DT) NC:may TX:apr,may
Setophaga magnolia (formerly Dendroica magnolia)

South of the US, the Magnolia Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico.

Magnolia Warbler
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Cape May Warbler (*) ______ FL:apr (DT)
Setophaga tigrina (formerly Dendroica tigrina)

South of the US, the Cape May Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Mexico (Cozumel Island), Puerto Rico.
Black-throated Blue Warbler (*) ______ CA:sep (r/CA) DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:aug
Setophaga caerulescens (formerly Dendroica caerulescens)

In California, a Black-throated Blue Warbler was seen at Point Reyes during the FONT West Coast Tour in September 1991.

South of the US, the Black-throated Blue Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica (where rare), the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico.
"Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (PI) CO:apr DE:mar,apr,may FL:apr (DT) KS:apr MD:apr NE:mar NF:jul TX:mar
Setophaga c. coronata (formerly Dendroica c. coronata)

During FONT tours in the US, "Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warblers have been seen at places as far away from each other as the Pribilof Islands in Alaska and the island of Dry Tortugas in Florida.

South of the US, the "Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico.

"Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warbler
(photo by Kim Steininger)
"Audubon's" Yellow-rumped Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,aug CA:sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NM:apr TX:apr,may WA:sep WY:apr
Setophaga coronata auduboni (formerly Dendroica coronata auduboni)

South of the US, the "Audubon's" Yellow-rumped Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.
Another subspecies, D. C. goldmani, the "Goldman's" Yellow-rumped Warbler, has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala.

"Audubon's" Yellow-rumped Warbler
(photo by Sally Brady)
Black-throated Gray Warbler (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep CA:sep CO:apr WA:sep
Setophaga nigrescens (formerly Dendroica nigrescens)

South of the US, the Black-throated Gray Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala (where rare), Mexico.
Golden-cheeked Warbler (t2) (USeb) (*) ______ TX:mar,may
Setophaga chrysoparia (formerly Dendroica chrysoparia)

South of the US, the Golden-cheeked Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.
At one place in the mountains of Honduras, fairly large flocks of this rare bird have been seen.
Black-throated Green Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:may NC:may,jun NF:jul TX:apr,may
Setophaga virens (formerly Dendroica virens)

The Black-throated Green Warbler includes what has been called the "Wayne's Warbler" of the eastern US.

South of the US, the Black-throated Green Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.

Black-throated Green Warbler
(photo by Clair de Beauviror)
Townsend's Warbler (*) ______ AK:may,jun AZ:sep BC:sep CA:sep TX:apr WA:sep
Setophaga townsendi (formerly Dendroica townsendi)

South of the US, the Townsend's Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.
Hermit Warbler (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug CA:sep WA:sep
Setophaga occidentalis (formerly Dendroica occidentalis)

South of the US, the Hermit Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.
Blackburnian Warbler (*) (ph) ______ FL:apr (DT) NC:jun TX:apr,may
Setophaga fusca (formerly Dendroica fusca)

South of the US, the Blackburnian Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Panama, Venezuela.

A female Blackburnian Warbler
(photo by Clair de Beauviror)
Yellow-throated Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun,aug TX:apr
Setophaga dominica (formerly Dendroica dominica)

The Yellow-throated Warbler has well-known geographical variation, with those that breed in the US southeastern coastal plain (for example, in Florida) having yellow lores, while those breeding in the Mississippi River drainage (for example, in Kentucky) having white lores.
Recent research (in 2009) has questioned the distinctiveness of the yellow-lored and white-lored populations.

South of the US, the Yellow-throated Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica (where rare), the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico.

Yellow-throated Warbler
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Grace's Warbler (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep
Setophaga graciae (formerly Dendroica graciae)

South of the US, the Grace's Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, always in pine trees.
Pine Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:apr,may NC:may,jun,aug TX:may
Setophaga pinus (formerly Dendroica pinus)

South of the US, the Pine Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in the Dominican Republic (an isolated endemic subspecies).

Pine Warbler
(photo by Andy Smith)
Prairie Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun,aug
Setophaga discolor (formerly Dendroica discolor)

South of the US, the Prairie Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in the Cayman Islands, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia.
Palm Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) NF:jul
Setophaga palmarum (formerly Dendroica palmarum)

South of the US, the Palm Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Mexico (Cozumel Island & the Yucatan), Puerto Rico.

Palm Warbler
(photo by Leroy Tabb)
Bay-breasted Warbler (*) ______ NC:may TX:may
Setophaga castanea (formerly Dendroica castanea)

South of the US, the Bay-breasted Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela.
Blackpoll Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AK:jun CA:sep (r/CA) DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:jun NF:jul TX:may
Setophaga striata (formerly Dendroica striata)

In California, a Blackpoll Warbler was seen at Point Reyes during the FONT West Coast Tour in September 1991.

South of the US, the Blackpoll Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Ecuador, Guatemala, Venezuela.

Blackpoll Warbler
(photo by Clair de Beauviror)
Cerulean Warbler (t3) (*) ______ DE:may
Setophaga cerulea (formerly Dendroica cerulea)

South of the US, the Cerulean Warbler has been seen during a FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala (in a treetop by a tall Mayan temple at Tikal), Venezuela.
Kirtland's Warbler (t3) ______
Setophaga kirtlandii (formerly Dendroica kirtlandii)

According to the US Fish and Wildlife Service, during surveys of nesting areas in the US in 2011, there were 1,838 singing male Kirtland's Warblers, up from the record lows of 167 in 1974 and 1987.

Recently, numbers of Kirtland's Warblers have increased, not only in Michigan (the only place, for years, where the species has been known to nest), but also in Wisconsin, USA and Ontario, Canada, at the only known breeding sites for the species outside of Michigan, USA.
Since 2007 (and as of 2011), at least 54 fledglings have been produced in Wisconsin, and at least 23 in Ontario.

June 2007 was an extraordinary month relating to the Kirtland's Warbler. 23 days and 700 miles (1,100 kilometers) apart, the first nests documented outside Michigan, in recent years, were found.
These recent historical occurrences were in Wisconsin and Ontario. Since then, nesting has increased in Wisconsin and has persisted at one site in Ontario.
The first 2007 nest in Wisconsin was in a pine plantation in Adams County in the central part of the state. That nest contained 5 eggs.
Before that breeding season ended, two more nests were found in Wisconsin. No young warblers were seen, but adults fed single Brown-headed Cowbirds at two of the nests.
Later, at least 45 Kirtland's Warbler nests produced an estimated 54 to 72 fledglings in Adams County, Wisconsin from 2007 to 2011.
A noteworthy characteristic at the main study site in Adams County is that only 12 per cent of the trees are Jack Pines.
Since 2006, reports of Kirtland's Warblers during the breeding season in Wisconsin have been in Jackson County, in the south-central part of the state, and in Bayfield, Douglas, Marinette, Vilas, and Washburn Counties in the north.
A Marinette County nest fledged 3 young in 2009 - at that time the only Wisconsin nest known outside of Adams County.

The recent Ontario Kirtland's Warbler nesting site has been at an active military training facility, at the Canadian Forces Base Petawawa, about 100 miles (160 kilometers) north of Ottawa.
At that site in June 2007, a Kirtland's Warbler nest with two hatchlings and two unhatched-eggs was found under the low branches of a Jack Pine.
That was actually Ontario's second breeding record for the Kirtland's Warbler. A pair and one fledgling were observed at Midhurst, Ontario in 1945.
In Ontario, from 2007 to 2011, a total of 7 Kirtland Warbler nests produced at least 23 fledglings. In 2011, 1 pair and 1 fledgling were confirmed, but there has been some uncertainty, overall, due to restrictions in the coverage area.

During the winter, the Kirtland's Warbler has only been found in the Bahamas, in the West Indies.
Black-and-white Warbler (*) ______ CA:sep (r/CA) CO:jul DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC: jun,aug NF:jul TX:mar,apr,may
Mniotilta varia

In California, a Black-and-white Warbler was seen at Point Reyes during the FONT West Coast Tour in September 1998.

South of the US, the Black-and-white Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico, Venezuela.
American Redstart (*) (ph) ______ CA:sep (r/CA) DE:may DEP:aug FL:apr (DT) MD:may NC:may,jun,aug TX:may
Setophaga ruticilla

In California, an American Redstart was seen at Point Reyes during the FONT West Coast Tour in September 1991.

South of the US, the American Redstart has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Brazil (Amazonian; where rare), the Cayman Islands, Chile (where rare; far-north), Costa Rica, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico, Venezuela.
The bird seen in the mountainous far-north of Chile in Nov 1997, an immature male, was a rarity in that country, about as far south as the American Redstart has ever been found. It was said to be the 3rd known occurrence in Chile; the previous ones were in 1986 & 1989, also in far-northern Chile.

A female American Redstart
(photo by Clair de Beauviror)
Prothonotary Warbler (*) (ph) ______ DE:may MD:may NC:may,jun
Protonotaria citrea

South of the US, the Prothonotary Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Venezuela.

Above & below: Prothonotary Warblers
Above, a female in flight; below, a male perched.
(both photos by Howard Eskin)
Worm-eating Warbler (*) ______ CO:apr (r/CO) DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun,aug TX:may
Helmitheros vermivorus (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

South of US, the Worm-eating Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico.
Swainson's Warbler (*) ______ NC:may,jun
Limnothlypis swainsonii

South of the US, the Swainson's Warbler has been seen during a FONT tour in Jamaica, Mexico (the Yucatan).
Ovenbird (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) MD:apr NC:may,jun TX:apr,may
Seiurus aurocapillus

South of the US, the Ovenbird has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica. Mexico, Puerto Rico.

Ovenbird
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Northern Waterthrush (*) ______ AK:may,jun DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,aug NF:jul TX:apr,may
Parkesia noveboracensis (formerly Seiurus noveboracensis)

South of the US, the Northern Waterthrush has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Venezuela.
Louisiana Waterthrush (*) ______ DE:may NC:jun
Parkesia molacilla (formerly Seiurus molacilla)

South of the US, the Louisiana Waterthrush has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico.
Kentucky Warbler (*) ______ DE:may NC:may,jun TX:apr,may
Geothlypis formosus (formerly Oporornis formosus)

South of the US, the Kentucky Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.
In Guatemala, at Tikal, Kentucky Warblers are seen on occasion with Neotropical birds at ant swarms.
Mourning Warbler (*) (ph) ______ NC:may TX:may
Geothlypis philadelphia (formerly Oporornis philadelphia)

South of the US, the Mourning Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Venezuela.

Mourning Warbler
(photo by Armas Hill)
MacGillivray's Warbler (*) (ph) ______ AZ:aug,sep CA:sep CO:jul NM:apr WA:sep
Geothlypis tolmiei (formerly Oporornis tolmiei)

South of the US, the MacGillivray's Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica (where rare), Guatemala, Mexico.

A MacGillivray's Warbler photographed during a FONT tour in Arizona
(photo by Doris Potter)
Connecticut Warbler (ph) ______
Oporornis agilis (the single member of its genus)

Not in Connecticut but close to it, this Connecticut Warbler was,
during its fall migration, in a park in New York City.
Normally the species is a skulker.
(photo by Anders Peltomaa)
Common Yellowthroat (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug BC:sep CA:sep CO:jul DE:apr,may FL:apr (DT) MD:apr NC:may,jun,aug NF:jul NM:apr TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep
Geothylpis trichas

South of the US, the Common Yellowthroat has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico.

A male Common Yellowthroat photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Gray-crowned Yellowthroat (*) ______ (r/US) TX:may
Geothlypsis poliocephala

South of the US, the Gray-crowned Yellowthroat has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico.
Hooded Warbler (*) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:jun TX:apr,may
Setophaga citrina (formerly Wilsonia citrina)

South of the US, the Hooded Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Puerto Rico.
Wilson's Warbler (*) ______ AK:may,jun (PI) AZ:aug CA:sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NM:apr TX:apr,may WA:sep
Cardellina pusilla (formerly Wilsonia pusilla)

South of the US, the Wilson's Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.
Canada Warbler (*) (ph) ______ NC:may TX:apr,may
Cardellina canadensis (formerly Wilsonia canadensis)

South of the US, the Canada Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Ecuador, Venezuela.
Red-faced Warbler (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug
Cardellina rubrifrons (the single member of its genus)

South of the US, the Red-faced Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.
Rufous-capped Warbler (*) (ph) ______ (r/US) AZ:aug
Basileuterus rufifrons

A species of Mexico and northern Central America, very similar to the Chestnut-capped Warbler of southern Central America with which it has been considered conspecific.
In occurs rarely in Texas, in the areas of the Big Bend National Park and the Edwards Plateau, and in southern Arizona.

South of the US, the Rufous-capped Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico, and the Chestnut-capped Warbler in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama.

A Rufous-capped Warbler photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Stripe-crowned Warbler ______ (r/US)
Basileuterus culicivorus

A Neotropical species, ranging from Mexico to Argentina (the most extensive range of any New World Warbler). It occurs in south Texas, mainly in the winter. It has occurred, more rarely, in eastern New Mexico in the spring.

South of the US, the Stripe-crowned Warbler has been seen during FONT tours in Argentina, Brazil, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay, Venezuela.

Basileuterus culicivorus has been called the Golden-crowned Warbler.
Painted Whitestart (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep TX:apr (r/TX)
Myioborus p. pictus

South of the US, the Painted Whitestart has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

Myioborus pictus has been called Painted Redstart.

A Painted Whitestart photographed during a FONT tour in Arizona
Slate-throated Whitestart ______ (r/US)
Myioborus miniatus

A Neotropical species of Central & South America. It occurs rarely in southeast Arizona, southern New Mexico, and west and south Texas.

South of the US, the Slate-throated Whitestart has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela.

Myioborus miniatus has been called Slate-throated Redstart.
Fan-tailed Warbler ______ (r/US)
Basileuterus lachrymosa (formerly Euthlypis lachrymosa)

A species of Mexico and northern Central America. It occurs in southeast Arizona, mainly in the spring.
Yellow-breasted Chat (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug CO:jul DE:may NC:jun NM:apr TX:apr,may
Icteria virens

South of the US, the Yellow-breasted Chat has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

Yellow-breasted Chat
(photo by Clair de Beauviror)

BLACKBIRDS and ORIOLES
Bobolink (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT)
Dolichonyx oryzivorus

South of the US, the Bobolink has been seen during FONT tours in Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul).

Bobolinks Above: a male Below: a female
(photos by Howard Eskin)
Eastern Meadowlark (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep DE:may IA:mar MD:apr NC:may,jun,aug NE:mar NM:jul,aug TX:mar,apr
Sturnella magna

Sturnella magna includes in Arizona the "Lillian's" Eastern Meadowlark.

South of the US, the Eastern Meadowlark has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela.

Eastern Meadowlark
(photo by Alan Brady)
Western Meadowlark (*) ______ AZ:jan,jul,sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul IA:mar KS:apr NE:mar,apr NM:apr OK:apr TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep WY:apr
Sturnella neglecta
Red-winged Blackbird (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (PI) AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:mar,apr,may FL:apr IA:mar KS:apr MD:apr,may NC:may,jun,aug NE:mar,apr NM:apr OK:apr TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep WY:apr
Agelaius phoeniceus

South of the US, the Red-winged Blackbird has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico. The various subspecies in Central America are resident.

Above & below: Red-winged Blackbirds
Above: a male (photo by Doris Potter)
Below: a female (photo by Howard Eskin)
Tricolored Blackbird (*) ______ CA:sep
Agelaius tricolor
Tawny-shouldered Blackbird ______ (r/US)
Agelaius humeralis

The Tawny-shouldered Blackbird is a resident species in Cuba & Haiti. A US record was of 2 specimens at Key West, Florida on February 27, 1936.
Yellow-headed Blackbird (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug CA:sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NE:mar,apr NM:apr TX:apr WY:apr
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus

South of the US, the Yellow-headed Blackbird has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Yellow-headed Blackbirds, above a male, below a female
(upper photo by Doris Potter; lower photo by Howard Eskin)
Rusty Blackbird (t3) (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun NE:mar
Euphagus carolinus

Rusty Blackbird
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Brewer's Blackbird (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,aug BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NE:mar,apr NM:apr OK:apr TX:mar,apr WA:sep WY:apr
Euphagus cyanocephalus

South of the US, the Brewer's Blackbird has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Brewer's Blackbird
(photo by Marie Gardner; photographed during a FONT tour in northern Arizona)
Common Grackle (*) ______ CO:apr,jul DE:mar,apr,may FL:apr KS:apr MD:apr,may NC:may,jun,jul,aug NE:mar,apr NM:apr OK:apr TX:apr WY:apr
Quiscalus quiscula
Boat-tailed Grackle (USe) (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr NC:may,jun,jul,aug TX:mar,may VA:mar
Quiscalus major

Above: a male Boat-tailed Grackle
(photo by Howard Eskin)

The bird in the photos below are of a female Boat-tailed Grackle that was photographed in southern France,
after having hitched a ride on a ship from North America.
The bird was in the Camargue south of Arles city. It was observed feeding on spiders.
These photographs were taken in October 2013. (and were sent to FONT by Yves Kayser)
Great-tailed Grackle (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep CO:apr,jul IA:mar KS:apr NE:mar,apr NM:apr OK:apr TX:mar,apr,may WY:apr
Quiscalus mexicanus

South of the US, the Great-tailed Grackle has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.
Bronzed Cowbird (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug TX:apr,may
Molothrus aeneus

South of the US, the Bronzed Cowbird has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.
Brown-headed Cowbird (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:mar,apr,may IA:mar KS:apr MD;apr,may NC:may,jun,aug NE:mar NM:apr TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep
Molothrus ater

South of the US, the Brown-headed Cowbird has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.
Shiny Cowbird ______
Molothrus bonariensis

A mainly South American species that spread through the West Indies, arriving in south Florida in 1985. It is uncommon in coastal south Florida, and rare along the Gulf Coast to Texas. It also occurs rarely along the Atlantic Coast to North Carolina, and has as a vagrant in Oklahoma, Maine, and in the Canadian Maritime provinces.

South of the US, the Shiny Cowbird has been seen during FONT tours in Argentina, Barbados, Belize (a recent arrival), Brazil, Chile, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Jamaica, Mexico (the Yucatan) (a recent arrival), Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent, Venezuela.
Orchard Oriole (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr,jul DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun,aug NM:apr TX:apr,may
Icterus spurius

South of the US, the Orchard Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.

A female Orchard Oriole
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Hooded Oriole (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug CA:sep TX:apr,may
Icterus cucullatus

South of the US, the Hooded Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Mexico.
Bullock's Oriole (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug CA:sep CO:jul TX:may WA:sep
Icterus bullockii

South of the US, the Bullock's Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica (where rare), Guatemala, Mexico.

The Bullock's Oriole was, for a while, considered conspecific with the Baltimore Oriole (below), and was then part of the "Northern Oriole".

Above & below: a male Bullock's Oriole
Above: as a 2nd-year bird; below: two years later
(both photos by Howard Eskin)
Baltimore Oriole (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may TX:apr,may
Icterus galbula

South of the US, the Baltimore Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico.

A juvenile male Baltimore Oriole
(photo by Jeff Holmes)
Altamira Oriole (*) ______ TX:may
Icterus gularis

South of the US, the Altamira Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

Icterus gularis has been called the Lichtenstein's Oriole.
Audubon's Oriole (*) ______ TX:mar
Icterus graduacauda

South of the US, the Audubon's Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Icterus graduacauda has been called the Black-headed Oriole.
Scott's Oriole (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul NM:apr TX:apr,may
Icterus parisorum

South of the US, the Scott's Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Scott's Oriole
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Streak-backed Oriole ______ (r/US)
Icterus pustulatus

The Streak-backed Oriole is a species of Mexico and northern Central America. It occurs rarely, mostly in the fall and winter, in southeastern Arizona and southern California, and more rarely in New Mexico and in east Texas. It has occurred as a vagrant in Wisconsin.

South of the US, the Streak-backed Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.
Spot-breasted Oriole (ph) ______
Icterus pectoralis

South of the US, the Spot-breasted Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras.
Black-vented Oriole ______ (r/US)
Icterus wagleri

The Black-vented Oriole is a species of Mexico and northern Central America. It occurs rarely in south & west Texas and in southeast Arizona.

South of the US, the Black-vented Oriole has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala.

TANAGERS
Hepatic Tanager (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug TX:apr
Piranga hepatica

South of the US, the Hepatic Tanager has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.
Summer Tanager (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun NM:apr TX:apr,may
Piranga rubra

South of the US, the Summer Tanager has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela.

A male Summer Tanager in breeding plumage
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Scarlet Tanager (*) (ph) ______ DE:may FL:apr (DT) TX:apr,may
Piranga olivacea

South of the US, the Scarlet Tanager has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Panama.
Western Tanager (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep CA:sep CO:jul TX:apr,may WA:sep
Piranga ludoviciana

South of the US, the Western Tanager has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico.
Flame-colored Tanager (*) (ph) ______ (r/US) AZ:jul
Piranga bidentata

Another name for Piranga bidentata has been the Stripe-backed Tanager.

By either name, Piranga bidentata is a Neotropical resident species in Mexico and Central America. It occurs rarely in the mountains of southeast Arizona in the spring & summer, and rarely in west & south Texas.

South of the US, the Flame-colored Tanager has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama.

Flame-colored Tanager
(photo by Rubin Campos)
Western Spindalis ______ (r/US)
Spindalis zena

The Western Spindalis was at one time included in what was the Stripe-headed Tanager.
In that species were these, all considered now as distinct species: Puerto Rican Spindalis, Hispaniolan Spindalis, and the Jamaican Spindalis, in addition to the Western Spindalis of the Bahama Islands, Cayman Islands, and Cozumel Island, off the Yucatan cost of Mexico.

As just noted, the Western Spindalis is a species of some West Indian Islands: the Bahama Islands, the Cayman Islands, and west to Cozumel Island, Mexico. It occurs rarely in southern Florida, including the Keys.

South of the US, the Western Spindalis has been seen during FONT tours in the Cayman Islands, Mexico (Cozumel Island).
Bananaquit (ph) ______ (r/US)
Coereba flaveola

A species of the West Indies and Central & South America, being most common on Caribbean islands. There are 41 subspecies. The Bananaquit occurs rarely in southern Florida, coming from the Bahamas.

South of the US, the Bananaquit has been seen during FONT tours in Argentina, Barbados, Belize, Brazil (as far south as Rio Grande do Sul), the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Jamaica, Mexico (Cozumel Island & the Yucatan), Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent, Venezuela.
Two forms have seen during FONT tours on Saint Vincent, with most of the Bananaquits there being all-black.
White-collared Seedeater (ph) ______ (r/US)
Sporophila torqueola

A species of Mexico & Central America. It occurs rarely & locally in the Rio Grande Valley of south Texas.

South of the US, the White-collared Seedeater has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.
Black-faced Grassquit (ph) ______ (r/US)
Tiaris bicolor

A species mostly in the West Indies. It occurs rarely in southern Florida.

South of the US, the Black-faced Grassquit has been seen during FONT tours in Barbados, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent, Venezuela.
Yellow-faced Grassquit (ph) ______ (r/US)
Tiaris olivaceus

A Neotropical species. It occurs rarely in southern Florida (the West Indian race, olivaceus) and in southernmost Texas (the mainland race, pusillus).

South of the US, the Yellow-faced Grassquit has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico.
Olive Sparrow (*) ______ TX:may
Arremonops rufivirgatus

South of the US, the Olive Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Mexico.

TOWHEES and SPARROWS
Green-tailed Towhee (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan CO:apr,jul NM:apr TX:apr
Pipilo chlorurus (formerly Chlorura chlorurus) (monotypic)

A Green-tailed Towhee photographed during a FONT tour
Spotted Towhee (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul NE:mar TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep
Pipilo maculatus montanus

The Spotted Towhee and the Eastern Towhee (below) were at one time considered conspecific, and when so the species was called the Rufous-sided Towhee.
The Spotted Towhee, of the western US, adjacent Canada, and Mexico and Guatemala, is now conspecific with the Olive-sided Towhee and the Socorro Towhee, both of Mexico, and it was conspecific with the Collared Towhees of Mexico, now distinct.

South of the US, the Spotted Towhee has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico (the "Olive-backed" form).

A female Spotted Towhee
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Eastern Towhee (*) (ph) ______ DE:mar,apr,may NC:may,jun,aug
Pipilo erythrophthalmus

As noted above, the Eastern Towhee and the Spotted Towhee (above) were considered conspecific, and when so they were collectively called the Rufous-sided Towhee.
Canyon Towhee (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep CO:apr NM:apr OK:apr TX:apr,may
Melozone fuscus texanus (formerly Pipilo fuscus texanus)

With the California Towhee (below), the Canyon Towhee was combined as the Brown Towhee.

South of the US, the Canyon Towhee has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Canyon Towhee
(photo by Howard Eskin)
California Towhee (*) ______ CA:sep
Melozone crissalis (formerly Pipilo crissalis)
Abert's Towhee (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep
Melozone aberti (formerly Pipilo aberti)

Abert's Towhee
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Cassin's Sparrow (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NM:jul,aug TX:apr
Peucaea aestivalis (formerly Aimophila cassinii)
Bachman's Sparrow (nt) (USe) (*) ______ NC:may,jun
Peucaea aestivalis (formerly Aimophila aestivalis)
Botteri's Sparrow (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug TX:may (r/TX)
Peucaea botterii (formerly Aimophila botterii)

South of the US, the Botteri's Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.
Rufous-crowned Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep CA:sep NM:apr OK:apr TX:mar,apr,may
Aimophila ruficeps

South of the US, the Rufous-crowned Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.
Rufous-winged Sparrow (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug
Peucaea carpalis (formerly Aimophila carpalis)

South of the US, the Rufous-winged Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico (Sonora).
Five-striped Sparrow (*) ______ (r/US) AZ:jul
Amphispiza quinquestriata (formerly Aimophila quinquestriata)

A primarily west Mexican species. It occurs locally in southern Arizona.

South of the US, the Five-striped Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico (Sonora).
American Tree Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun CO:apr IA:mar NE:mar
Spizelloides arborea (formerly Spizella arborea)

American Tree Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Chipping Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:apr,may KS:apr NC:may,jun NE:mar,apr NM:apr TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep
Spizella passerina

South of the US, the Chipping Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.
Clay-colored Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr TX:apr,may
Spizella pallida (monotypic)

South of the US, the Clay-colored Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.
Brewer's Sparrow (nt) (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,aug,sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul NM:apr TX:apr WA:sep
Spizella breweri

South of the US, the Brewer's Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico (Sonora).

A Brewer's Sparrow photographed during a FONT tour in Colorado
Field Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ DE:apr,may IA:mar NC:jun,aug NE:mar TX:mar
Spizella pusilla

A Field Sparrow photographed in Texas
(photo by Rhett Poppe)
Black-chinned Sparrow (*) ______ AZ:sep TX:apr
Spizella atrogularis

South of the US, the Black-chinned Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.
Worthen's Sparrow ______
Spizella worthenii

Now an endemic Mexican species. Only included in this North America list, as the type specimen for the species was collected at Silver City, New Mexico in June 1884. That bird was probably part of a small resident population that was subsequently extirpated. The species is now classified by Birdlife International as endangered.
Vesper Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,aug,sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:may KS:apr NE:mar,apr OK:apr TX:mar,apr WA:sep WY:apr
Pooecetes gramineus

In California, the Vesper Sparrow is an uncommon migrant.

South of the US, the Vesper Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Vesper Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Lark Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug,sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul FL:apr (DT) (r/FL) KS:apr NM:apr TX:mar,apr,may WA:sep
Chondestes grammacus

South of the US, the Lark Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Lark Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Black-throated Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep NM:apr,aug TX:apr,may
Amphispiza bilineata

South of the US, the Black-throated Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico (Sonora).

Black-throated Sparrow
Sagebrush Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr WA:sep
Artemisiospiza nevadensis

Vagrant records of the former "Sage Sparrow" in central & eastern North America have been A. nevadensis.
Bell's Sparrow (*) ______ CA:sep
Artemisiospiza belli

For now, the Bell's Sparrow includes the subspecies in interior California, canescens.
Lark Bunting (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NM:aug TX:apr
Calamospiz melanocorys

South of the US, the Lark Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico (Sonora).

Lark Bunting, an immature male
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Savannah Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (ac) AZ:jan,aug BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:mar,apr,may FL:apr (DT) NE:mar NF:jul NM:apr TX:,mar,may WA:sep WY:apr
Passerculus sandwichensis

South of the US, the Savannah Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.

Savannah Sparrow (photo by Howard Eskin)

"Ipswich" Savannah Sparrow ______
Passerculus sandwichensis princeps

The "Ipswich" Savannah Sparrow, that breeds in eastern Canada, on Sable Island, Nova Scotia, winters along the seacoast of the northeast US.

An "Ipswich" Savannah Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)

"Large-billed" Savannah Sparrow ______
Passerculus sandwichensis rostratus

The "Large-billed" Savannah Sparrow, that breeds in northwest Mexico, occurs in the southwest US, generally from late July until February or early March. It has been said by some to be a species distinct from the Savannah Sparrow.
Grasshopper Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug CO:apr DE:may KS:apr TX:may
Ammodramus savannarum

South of the US, the Grasshopper Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Mexico.

A juvenile Grasshopper Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Baird's Sparrow (*) ______ TX:apr
Ammodramus bairdii
Henslow's Sparrow (nt) (*) (ph) ______ NC:jun
Ammodramus henslowii
LeConte's Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ TX:apr
Ammodramus leconteii

LeConte's Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Saltmarsh Sparrow (t3) (*) (ph) ______ NC:may
Ammodramus caudacutus

Saltmarsh Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Nelson's Sparrow ______
Ammodramus nelsoni

The Nelson's Sparrow was, with the Saltmarsh Sparrow (above), part of what was the Sharp-tailed Sparrow.
Seaside Sparrow (*) ______ DE:may NC:may,jun VA:may
Ammodramus maritimus
"Red" Fox Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun DE:mar NF:jul
Passerella iliaca iliaca Eastern Fox Sparrow ______ AK, DE, NF
Passerella iliaca zaboria Yukon Fox Sparrow ______

the Eastern Fox Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)

"Slate-colored" and "Thick-billed" Fox Sparrow (*) ______ BC:sep CO:apr NE:mar WA:sep
Passerella iliaca schistacea ______
Passerella iliaca altivagans ______ breeds from the interior of central British Columbia to southern British Columbia

Passerella iliaca altivagans has a brown unstreaked back.

"Sooty" Fox Sparrow (*) ______ AK:may,jun
Passerella iliaca unalaschcensis Shumagin Fox Sparrow ______ AK breeds on Aleutian, Shumagin, Semidi Islands and the Alaska Peninsula
Passerella iliaca insularis Kodiak Fox Sparrow ______ on Kodiak and adjacent islands
Passerella iliaca sinuosa Valdez Fox Sparrow ______ AK in the areas of Prince William Sound, the Kenai Peninsula, and Middleton Island
Passerella iliaca annectens Yakutat Fox Sparrow ______ Yakutat Bay
Passerella iliaca townsendi Townsend's Fox Sparrow ______ southern coastal Alaska, Queen Charlotte Island
Passerella iliaca fuliginosa Sooty Fox Sparrow ______ mainland coast of British Columbia, Vancouver Island, northwest Washington State

The populations of the "Sooty" Fox Sparrow from the Aleutians, Kodiak island, and the Kenai Peninsula winter the farthest south, in southern California.
Song Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun AZ:jan,jul,aug BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul DE:mar,apr,may IA:mar KS:apr NC:may,jun,aug NE:mar,apr NF:jul TX:mar,apr WA:sep WY:apr
Melospiza melodia

Throughout its range, there are 39 subspecies of Song Sparrows, with 29 of them north of Mexico. There are 11 subspecies in California.

South of the US, the Song Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.
Lincoln's Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan AK:may,jun BC:sep CO:apr,jul NF:jul TX:mar,apr WA:sep
Melospiza lincolnii

South of the US, the Lincoln's Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico.

Lincoln's Sparrow
(photo by LeRoy Tabb)
Swamp Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan DE:may NF:jul TX:may
Melospiza georgiana
White-throated Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ DE:mar,apr,may CO:apr (r/CO) NF:jul
Zonotrichia albicollis

White-throated Sparrow
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Harris' Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr NE:mar TX:mar
Zonotrichia querula

Above & below: Harris' Sparrows
Above: a adult. Below: a first-winter bird
(upper photo by Marie Gardner, lower photo by Howard Eskin)
White-crowned Sparrow (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (ac) AZ:jan BC:sep CA:sep CO:apr,jul KS:apr NE:mar NM:apr TX:mar,apr WA:sep
Zonotrichia leucophrys

South of the US, the White-crowned Sparrow has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico (Sonora).

Above and below: White-crowned Sparrows
Above: an adult, below: an immature
(photos by Howard Eskin)

Zonotrichia leucophrys leucophrys Eastern White-crowned Sparrow ______ breeds in northeast Canada
Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii Gambel's White-crowned Sparrow ______ breeds Alaska to central Canada

Below: a Gambel's White-crowned Sparrow
In this race, there is no white line in front of the eye
(photo by Howard Eskin)

Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha Mountain White-crowned Sparrow ______ breeds in Western mountains
Zonotrichia leucophrys pugetensis Puget Sound White-crowned Sparrow ______ breeds from coastal British Columbia to northern California
Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalii Nuttall's White-crowned Sparrow ______ breeds in coastal central California
Golden-crowned Sparrow (*) ______ AK:may,jun WA:sep
Zonotrichia atricapilla
"White-winged" Dark-eyed Junco (*) ______ CO:apr KS:apr
Junco hyemalis aikeni

"Oregon" Dark-eyed Junco (*) ______ CA:sep CO:apr WA:sep
Junco hyemalis oreganus

"Pink-sided" Dark-eyed Junco (*) ______ CO:apr WY:apr
Junco hyemalis mearnsi

"Gray-headed" Dark-eyed Junco (*) ______ AZ:jan CO:apr,jul TX:apr WY:apr
Junco hyemalis caniceps

"Slate-colored" Dark-eyed Junco (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun CO:apr DE:mar,apr IA:mar NE:mar NF:jul VA:mar WY:apr
Junco h. hyemalis

"Slate-colored" Dark-eyed Junco
This is 1 of 5 forms of the Dark-eyed Junco that have
been seen during FONT tour in Colorado in April.
(photo by Doris Potter)
"Mexican" Yellow-eyed Junco (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep
Junco phaeonotus

South of the US, the Yellow-eyed Junco has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico. The more-southerly form is known as the "Guatemalan" Yellow-eyed Junco.
McCown's Longspur (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr,jul WY:apr
Ryhnchophanes mccownii (formerly Calcarius mccownii) (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
Lapland Longspur (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (PI) NE:mar
Calcarius lapponicus

Lapland Longspur in non-breeding plumage
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Smith's Longspur (*) (ph) ______ AK:jun
Calcarius pictus

Smith's Longspur in non-breeding plumage
(photo by Alan Brady)
Chestnut-collared Longspur (nt) (*) (ph) ______ CO:apr,jul
Calcarius ornatus (monotypic)
Snow Bunting (*) (ph) ______ AK:may,jun (PI)
Calcarius nivalis (formerly Plectrophenax nivalis)

Outside North America, the Snow Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Iceland, Japan (Hokkaido), Sweden.
McKay's Bunting (nt) (*) ______ AK:jun
Calcarius hyperboreus (formerly Plectrophenax hyperboreus)

The McKay's Bunting is known to breed only on the Alaskan islands of Hall and St, Matthew Islands in the Bering Sea. A few are sometimes present in the late spring on St. Lawrence Island, and in the summer it is rarely on the Pribilof Islands.
In the winter, it is rare to uncommon along the west coast of Alaska, and rare in the winter in interior Alaska, on the Aleutians, and south along the West Coast of North America south to Oregon,
Some think that the McKay's Bunting is a subspecies of the Snow Bunting.
Pine Bunting ______ (r/NA)
Emberiza leucocephalus

Primarily an eastern Old World species. There have been two fall records on Attu Island, in the Aleutians, Alaska, both males: one, October 6, 1993, a specimen; another November 18-19, 1995, was photographed.
Yellow-breasted Bunting (ph) ______ (r/US)
Emberiza aureola

An mostly Asian species, said to be declining. It occurs rarely in Alaska, mainly on western Aleutian Islands.

Outside North America, the Yellow-breasted Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Japan, including Hegura Island.
Elegant Bunting (ph) ______
Emberiza elegans

An east Asian species. A male was photographed on Attu Island, in the Aleutians, Alaska, on May 25, 1988.

Outside North America, the Elegant Bunting (formerly Yellow-throated Bunting) has been seen during FONT tours in Japan, including Hegura Island.

Emberiza elegans has been called Yellow-throated Bunting.
Grey Bunting ______ (r/NA)
Emberiza variabilis

An Asian species. It occurs rarely, in the spring, on western Aleutian Islands, Alaska.

Outside North America, the Grey Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Japan, including Hegura Island.
Common Reed Bunting ______ (r/US)
Emberiza schoeniclus

An Eurasian species. it occurs rarely on the westernmost Aleutian Islands in the late spring. It has occurred, more rarely, in the fall on St. Lawrence Island. All occurrences in Alaska have been of the pale east Asian subspecies pyrrhulina, resembling the Pallas's Reed Bunting in female & winter plumages.

Outside North America, the Common Reed Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Bulgaria, Hungary, Japan (including Hegura Island), Poland, Spain, Sweden.
Pallas's Reed Bunting ______ (r/US)
Emberiza pallasi

An Asian species. It occurs rarely in Alaska on St. Lawrence Island and in the western Aleutian Islands. It has also occurred at Point Barrow, Alaska.

Outside North America, the Pallas's Reed Bunting has been seen during FONT tour in Japan in the winter.
Rustic Bunting ______ (r/NA)
Emberiza rustica

A Eurasian species. It occurs rarely in the spring on western & central Aleutian Islands, Alaska. More rarely, it occurs there in the fall, as well as on other islands in the Bering Sea, and further south in North America to the West Coast of the US.

Outside North America, the Rustic Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Japan, including Hegura Island.
Little Bunting ______ (r/US)
Emberiza pusilla

A Eurasian species. It occurs rarely, in the fall, on St. Lawrence Island and in the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and in California.

Outside North America, the Little Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Japan on Hegura Island.
Yellow-browed Bunting ______ (r/US)
Emberiza chrysophrys

Apparently the first North American record of this Asian species was on Saint Lawrence Island, Alaska, on September 15, 2007.

Outside North America, the Yellow-browed Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Japan on Hegura Island.
Dickcissel (*) (ph) ______ TX:apr,may
Spiza americana

South of the US, the Dickcissel has been seen during FONT tours in Venezuela (where it forms large flocks in its non-breeding season).

Dickcissel
(photo by Howard Eskin)

CARDINAL, GROSBEAKS, ALLIES
Northern Cardinal (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep CO:apr (r/CO) DE:mar,apr,may FL:apr IA:mar MD:apr,may NC:may,jun,jul,aug NE:mar NM:apr TX:mar,apr,may VA:mar
Cardinalis cardinalis

South of the US, the Northern Cardinal has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Mexico.

Above & below: Northern Cardinals
Above, a male; below: a female
(upper photo by Rhett Poppe; lower photo by Dwight Molotsky)
Pyrrhuloxia (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jan,jul,aug NM:apr TX:mar,apr,may
Cardinalis sinnatus

South of the US, the Pyrrhuloxia has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico (Sonora).

The Pyrrhuloxia, a cousin of the Cardinal
Mexican Yellow Grosbeak (*) ______ (r/US) AZ:Jul
Pheucticus chrysopeplus

An endemic Mexican species. It occurs rarely in southern Arizona in the late spring and summer.

South of the US, the Mexican Yellow Grosbeak has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.
Rose-breasted Grosbeak (*) (ph) ______ CA:sep (r/CA) DE:may FL:apr (DT) TX:apr,may
Pheucticus indoviciannus

In California, seen at Point Reyes during FONT West Coast Tours in September 1998 & 2005.

South of the US, the Rose-breasted Grosbeak has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.

Rose-breasted Grosbeak
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Black-headed Grosbeak (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep BC:sep CA:sep CO:jul TX:apr WA:sep
Pheucticus m. melanocephalus

South of the US, the Black-headed Grosbeak has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.
Crimson-collared Grosbeak ______ (r/US)
Rhodothraupis celaeno (the single member of its genus)

A species endemic to northeast Mexico. It occurs rarely in south Texas, mainly in the winter.
Blue Grosbeak (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug,sep DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun,aug NM:apr TX:apr,may
Passerina caerulea interfusa

South of the US, the Blue Grosbeak has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.

A juvenile male Blue Grosbeak
(photo by Howard Eskin)
Lazuli Bunting (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug CO:jul
Passerina amoena

South of the US, the Lazuli Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Mexico.
Indigo Bunting (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul,aug CO:jul DE:may FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun,aug TX:apr,may
Passerina cyanea

South of the US, the Indigo Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Dominica (where rare), Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico.
Varied Bunting (*) ______ AZ:jul,aug NM:apr TX:apr,may
Passerina v. versicolor

South of the US, the Varied Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.
Painted Bunting (nt) (*) (ph) ______ AZ:jul FL:apr (DT) NC:may,jun TX:apr,may
Passerina ciris

South of the US, the Painted Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico.

A male Painted Bunting
(photo by Clair de Beuvior)
Blue Bunting (*) (ph) ______ (r/US) TX:may
Cyanocompsa parellina

A species of Mexico and northern Central America. It occurs rarely, and irregularly, in southern Texas, mostly in the winter. The first in the US was found in the Cameron Parish of Louisiana in 1979.

South of the US, the Blue Bunting has been seen during FONT tours in Guatemala, Mexico.

Other species (not necessarily well documented):
Dark-billed Cuckoo ______ (r/US)
Coccyzus melacoryphus

A South American species. In February 1986, an adult was brought to a bird rehabilitation center in Hidalgo County, Texas. it subsequently died, and the specimen was placed in the collection of bird skins at Louisiana State University. It was not known exactly where the bird was found, but it was thought to have been in Hidalgo County.
The Dark-billed Cuckoo is a long-distance austral migrant that as occurred as a vagrant north of South America on Clipperton Island (off the west coast of Mexico), Grenada (in the Caribbean), and Panama.

South of the US, the Dark-billed Cuckoo has been seen during FONT tours in Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela.
Yucatan Vireo (ph) ______ (r/US)
Vireo magister

A species of the western Caribbean, as a resident on Grand Cayman Island, and on Cozumel Island, Mexico & the the nearby Yucatan Peninsula, and on offshore islands of Honduras, A single bird that occurred in Galveston County, Texas in the spring of 1984 (April 28 to May 27) is, thus far, the only occurrence of the species north of the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico.

South of the US, the Yucatan Vireo has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, the Cayman Islands, Mexico (the Yucatan Peninsula & Cozumel Island).
Black Catbird (ph) ______ (r/US)
Melanoptila glabrirostris

A species of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, and nearby in northern Central America, generally near the Caribbean coast. A specimen was collected in Brownsville, Texas on June 21, 1982.

South of the US, the Black Catbird ahs been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Mexico (the Yucatan Peninsula & Cozumel Island).
Scarlet Ibis (ph) ______
Eudocimus ruber

A South American species. Two specimens were said historically to have been collected in Texas, but neither was saved. More recently, one in Cameron County, along the Gulf Coast in south Texas, in June 1972, was determined to have been from a zoo in nearby Brownsville.

South of the US, the Scarlet Ibis has been seen during FONT tours in Brazil, Venezuela.
Antillean Crested Hummingbird (ph) ______ (r/US)
Orthorhynchus cristatus

A species of the eastern Caribbean, from Puerto Rico south through the Lesser Antilles. In February 1967, a badly damaged carcass of an adult male was supposedly retrieved from household trash in Galveston, Texas. where it was said to have been discarded by two boys who claimed they had captured the bird alive. There was no significant storm at the time, and subsequently have have been no occurrences of this species in North America.

South of the US, the Antillean Crested Hummingbird has been seen during FONT tours in Dominica, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent.
Rufous-tailed Hummingbird (ph) ______ (r/US)
Amazilia tzacatl

A common species in Central America, and in parts of eastern Mexico. Strays, if they ever occurred in Texas, have been unconfirmed. Specimens supposedly collected at Fort Brown (Brownsville) in the summer of 1876 were lost. Sight records in Texas in November 1969 in LaPorte and in August 1975 in Brownsville were unsubstantiated.

South of the US, the Rufous-tailed Hummingbird has been seen during FONT tours in Belize, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.

A Species that was said to be in North America, but was not:
Snowy-crowned Tern (ph) ______
Sterna trudeaui

In 1838, John James Audubon wrote the following about it: "This beautiful tern, which has not hitherto been described, was procured at Great Egg Harbor in New Jersey, by my much esteemed and talented friend, James deBertz Trudeau, of Louisiana, to whom I have the great pleasure of dedicating it. From the specimen sent to him by Trudeau, Audubon did an illustration of it that year in London, and the print was included in Audubon's famous "The Birds of America".
But actually, there was an error. The species occurs only in southern South America, with no valid record of it ever being in North America. That specimen is actually said to have come from Chile.
The species has been known, over the years, as the Trudeau's Tern, but now, more appropriately, it's called the Snowy-crowned Tern.

The Snowy-crowned Tern has been seen during FONT tours in Argentina, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Chile.

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