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E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-800-721-9986
 or 302/529-1876

 

MAMMALS & OTHER WILDLIFE
in
South America


In Argentina, Brazil, Chile,
Ecuador, & Venezuela



With South American Mammals found
during Focus On Nature Tours
noted with an (*) 

Focus On Nature Tours during the months 
of February, March, June, July, August, 
September, October, November

1992 to 2011  

 

This List of South American Mammals compiled by Armas Hill

There have been 50 FONT Tours in Brazil.
In southern South America, 14 tours in Argentina and 19 in Chile.
In northern South America, 6 tours in Venezuela and 8 in Ecuador. 


UPPER LEFT PHOTO: A GUANACO photographed during a FONT tour in Argentina


Codes:


Threatened Species, designated in CITES:
(t1): critically endangered   
(t2): endangered
(t3): vulnerable 
(ti): threatened (but with status indeterminate)

The above codes with the 2-letter country code below reflects the mammal's status in that country.

(i): species introduced into South America



The following codes with an (*) indicates the mammal seen during a FONT tour (or tours) in that country.  

AR:
Argentina
       
so:  southern Argentina (including Valdez Peninsula)
        tf:   Tierra del Fuego
BR: Brazil
        af:   Alta Floresta (southern Amazonian)
        am: Amazonia (particulary the area of Manaus) 
        ig:   Iguazu
        mn: Minas Gerais
       
mt:  Mato Grosso & Mato Grosso do Sul (including the Pantanal)
        rs:   Rio Grande do Sul          
        se:   southeast Brazil (the states of Rio de Janeiro & Sao Paulo)
CH: Chile
        ce:  central Chile from the Pacific coast, up into the Andes
        fn:   in the far-north in areas of Arica & Lauca National Park  
       
tf:    Tierra del Fuego
EC: Ecuador 
       
az:  Amazonian, along the Napo River
        gp:  Galapagos 
        we:  western Ecuador
PG: Paraguay 
PE: Peru
UG: Uruguay 
VE: Venezuela
     
   ll: the Llanos

Some local names are in the following list beneath the scientific names, with the above two-letter country codes.

There are 341 species in the list that follows. (More will be added.) 
Of these, 123 species of mammals have been found during FONT South American tours.

 
Links:

A Chronological List of all scheduled FONT Tours

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Brazil

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Argentina & Chile

Bird-Lists
(noting those found during previous FONT tours): 

A Complete List of Argentina Birds (with some photos):
Part 1: Tinamous to Flycatchers

Part 2: Antshrikes to Grosbeaks

A Complete List of Brazil Birds
(with some photos):
Part 1: Tinamous to Doves

Part 2: Macaws to Flycatchers

Part 3: Antshrikes to Grosbeaks

Regional Lists of Brazilian Birds:
Mato Grosso

Minas Gerais

Southeast Brazil

Rio Grande do Sul
    

A Complete List of Chile Birds
(with some photos):

Part 1: Tinamous to Coots

Part 2: Thick-knee to Saltator

A Complete List of Ecuador Birds (with some photos):
Part 1: Tinamous to Swifts

Part 2: Hummingbirds to Flycatchers

Part 3: Antshrikes to Grosbeaks

Venezuela  (with photos)

Directory of Photos in this Website, in this list & others


Links to Some of the Mammal Families within the following List: 

Anteaters    Sloths    Porcupines    Agoutis    Cavies    Capybara    Degus & Tuco-tucos    

Cats
    Dogs & Foxes    Marmosets & Tamarins    New World Monkeys


List of South American Mammals:

      AMERICAN OPOSSUMS - Family Didelphidae  (totally 78 species)   

  1. Southern (or Black-eared) Opossum ______ (*) AR, (*) BR af,se, (*) EC we, (*) VE ll  (also called Common Opossum)
    Didelphis marsupialis
    AR: Comadreja Grande
    BR: Gamba de Orelha Preta

  2. White-eared Opossum ______ (*) BR af
    Didelphis albiventris
    BR: Gamba de Orelha Branca




    A White-eared Opossum photographed during a FONT tour
    in Uruguay in October 2010
    (photo by Bob Enever)   

  3. Big-eared Opossum ______ AR,BR
    Didelphis aurita

  4. Central American Wooly Opossum ______
    Caluromys derbianus

  5. Western Woolly Opossum ______
    Caluromys lanatus

  6. Bare-tailed Wooly Opossum ______
    Caluromys philander

  7. Black-shouldered Woolly Opossum ______
    Caluromysiops irrupta

  8. Bushy-tailed Opossum ______
    Gilronia venusta 
    (the single member of its genus)

  9. Murine Mouse-Opossum ______ (*) EC az, (*) VE
    Marmosa murina




    Murine Mouse-Opossum

  10. Anderson's Mouse-Opossum (t1) ______ PE
    Marmosa andersoni

  11. Little Rufous Mouse-Opossum ______
    Marmosa lepida 

  12. Robinson's Mouse-Opossum ______
    Marmosa robinsoni

  13. Red Mouse-Opossum ______
    Marmosa rubra

  14. Tyler's Mouse-Opossum ______ VE
    Marmosa tyleriana

  15. Dryland Mouse-Opossum (e) ______
    Marmosa xerophila

  16. Bishop's Slender Mouse Opossum ______ PE
    Marmosa
    (formerly Marmoscops) bishopi

  17. White-bellied Slender Mouse-Opossum ______ (*) EC az
    Marmosa
    (formerly Marmosops) noctivaga
     


    ARMADILLOS - Family Dasypodidae  (totally 21 species)

  18. Nine-banded (Long-nosed) Armadillo ______ (*) AR, (*) BR mt (wide-ranging, from the south-central US to northern Argentina) 
    Dasypus novemcinctus
    AR: Mulita Grande, Cachicamo, Tatu-hu
    BR: Tatu-Galinha or Mulita Grande




    Nine-banded (Long-nosed) Armadillo

  19. Southern Long-nosed Armadillo ______ (grasslands of S Paraguay, N Argentina, Uruguay, & S Brazil)
    Dasypus hybridus

  20. Great Long-nosed Armadillo ______ (forests of E Colombia to Suriname, S to Amazonian Brazil) 
    Dasypus kappleri

  21. Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo ______ (high elevations of W Andean slope, in SC Peru) 
    Dasypus pilosus

  22. Llanos Long-nosed Armadillo ______ (llanos & savannas of C Venezuela & C Colombia)
    Dasypus sabanicola

  23. Seven-banded Armadillo ______ (grassland & forests of SE Amazonian & E Brazil to Bolivia, Paraguay, & N Argentina)
    Dasypus septemcinctus

  24. Yepes' Long-nosed Armadillo ______ (in NW Argentina, in Salta & Jujuy provinces)
    Dasypus yepesi

  25. Andean Hairy Armadillo ______ (altiplano in N Chile & in the puna of Bolivia)
    Chaetophractus nationi

  26. Screaming Hairy Armadillo ______ (dry sandy areas of chaco regions of Bolivia & NW Paraguay to C Argentina) 
    Chaetophractus vellerosus

  27. Larger Hairy Armadillo ______ (S Bolivia & Paraguay to S Chile & Argentina)
    Chaetophractus villosus

  28. Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo ______ 
    Cabassous centralis

  29. Chacoan Naked-tailed Armadillo ______
    Cabassous chacoensis

  30. Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo ______ (*) AR ne
    Cabassous tatouay

  31. Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo ______
    Cabassous unicinctus

  32. Six-banded Armadillo (has been called Yellow Armadillo) ______ (*) BR mt  (rainforests & savannas from Suriname & NC Brazil south to Uruguay & N Argentina))
    Euphractus sexcinctus  (the single member of its genus)
    BR: Tatu Peba or Tatu Peludo




    Six-banded Armadillo

  33. Pichi ______ (*) AR (open areas of S & C Argentina & S & C Chile)
    Zaedyus pichiy 
    (the single member of its genus)
    AR: Pichi (Patagonico)

  34. Chacoan Fairy Armadillo ______
    Chlamyphorus retusus

  35. Pink Fairy Armadillo ______
    Chlamyphorus truncatus

  36. Southern Three-banded Armadillo ______
    Tolypeutes matacus

  37. Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo ______
    Tolypeutes tricinctus

  38. Giant Armadillo (t2) ______ BR
    Priodontes maximus
      (the single member of its genus)




    Giant Armadillo


    AMERICAN ANTEATERS - Family Myrmecophagidae  (3 species)

  39. Giant Anteater (t3) ______ (*) BR az,mn,mt, (*) VE ll
    Myrmecophaga tridactyla
    BR: Tamandua Bandeira



    The above Giant Anteater was photographed at night during our Brazil Tour 
    in Mato Grosso do Sul in September 2006. 
    We saw a nice number of these animals both day & night.
    In the photo, the head of the anteater is to the right, with its long nose 
    toward the ground as the animal feeds. Note the small ear.  
    (Above photo by Andy Smith)
    Below is another photograph of a Giant Anteater, walking in open countryside 
    of Brazilian grassland.





    Giant Anteater

  40. Southern Tamandua (or Collared Anteater) (ti) ______ (*) BR mt, (*) EC az, (*) VE ll
    Tamandua tetradactyla
    BR: Tamandua Colete or Mambira or Tamandua Mirim
    EC & VE: Tamandua or Oso Colmenero


    SILKY ANTEATER - Family Cyclopedidae  (1 species)

  41. Silky Anteater ______
    Cyclopes didactylus
      (the single member of its genus & family)  


    TWO-TOED SLOTHS - Family Megalonychidae  (2 species)

  42. Southern Two-toed Sloth  ______  (*) VE
    Choloepus didactylus
    VE: Perezoso de Dos Dedos

  43. Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth ______ 
    Choloepus hoffmanni 



    THREE-TOED SLOTHS - Family Bradypodidae  (totally 4 species)  

  44. Maned Three-toed Sloth (t2) ______  (*) BR se
    Bradypus torquatus




    A rare Maned Three-toed Sloth.
    Bradypus torquatus,
    clinging on the trunk of a Cecropia Tree
    (photographed by Marie Gardner during the FONT March '08 Brazil Tour)
     

  45. Pale-throated Three-toed Sloth ______ (*) BR am, (*) VE
    Bradypus tridactylus

  46. Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth ______ 
    Bradypus variegatus 
    VE: Perezoso de Tres Dedos


    RABBITS - Family Leporidae 
    (totally 57 species)

  47. Tapiti (or Forest Rabbit) ______ (*) BR mn,mt, (*) EC an  (also called Brazilian Rabbit) (occurs up to high elevations, as in the Andes of Ecuador)
    Silvilagus brasiliensis
    BR: Coelho or Tapiti
    EC: Conejo

  48. Eastern Cottontail ______ (*) VE
    Sylvilagus floridannus
    (the same species that occurs in eastern North America, at the southern end of its range)  

  49. European Rabbit (i) ______ (*) AR, (*) CH
    Oryctolagus cuniculus

  50. European (or Brown) Hare (i) ______ (*) AR, (*) CH
    Lepus europaeus


    RODENTS:
    the gnawing mammals, in the Order Rodentia, which is the largest order of mammals with nearly 2,000 species worldwide 

    SQUIRRELS - Family Sciuridae  (totally 276 species worldwide)

  51. Guianan (or Brazilian) Squirrel ______ (*) BR ig,mn,se
    Sciurus aestuans ingrami
    (in se Brazil)
    BR: Esquilo or: Caxixe, Serelepe, Quatipuru, Caxinguele 




    A Guianan, or Brazilian, Squirrel photographed during a FONT tour
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  52. Southern Amazon Red Squirrel ______ (*) BR af, (*) EC az
    Sciurus spadiceus
    BR: Esquilo or Quatipuru
    (The Southern & Northern Amazon Red Squirrels are very similar. The Southern Amazon Red Squirrel is reddish, rather finely grizzled with black. 
    The
    Northern Amazon Squirrel is coarsely grizzled, with yellowish black on the back. Both species occur in Amazonian Ecuador.) 

  53. Northern Amazon Red Squirrel ______ (*) VE, (*) EC az
    Sciurus igniventris
    EC: Huayuashi
    VE: Ardilla

  54. Red-tailed Squirrel ______ (*) VE
    Sciurus granatensis
    VE: Ardilla 

  55. Guayaquil Squirrel ______ (*) EC we
    Sciurus stramineus
    EC: Ardilla parda or Ardilla Nucha Blanca, or Ardilla Mora, or Ardilla Negra
    (an assortment of local names as there is much individual variation of color within populations) 

  56. Amazon Dwarf Squirrel ______ (*) EC az
    Microsciurus mimulus


    BEAVERS - Family Castoridae  (2 species)

  57. (North) American Beaver (i) ______ (*) AR tf
    Castor canadensis 
    (Introduced into Tierra del Fuego for their pelts. Now quite common there.)


    NEOTROPICAL MICE - Subfamily Sigmodontinae  (totally 461 species)

  58. Web-footed Marsh Rat ______ (*) AR ne
    Holochilus brasiliensis

  59. Azara's Grass Mouse ______ (*) AR ne, (*) BR se
    Akodon azarai 


    MUSKRAT - Subfamily Arvicoliinae  (in the same subfamily as Voles & Lemmings, in which there are totally 140 species worldwide) 

  60. Muskrat (i) ______ (*) CH tf
    Ondatra zibethica
    (Introduced into Tierra del Fuego, as the Beaver, for their pelts. Now apparently more common than that species in ponds in treeless areas.)


    TRUE MICE & RATS - Subfamily Murinae  (totally 535 species)
     
  61. House Mouse (i) ______ (*) BR se, (*) VE
    Mus musculus
    BR: Cachita
    (world-wide distribution greater than any other mammal except Man)

  62. Brown Rat (i) ______ (*) BR am,fs
    Rattus norvegicus


    NEW WORLD PORCUPINES - Family Erethizontidae  (totally 17 species, in the Americas)

  63. Brazilian (or Prehensile-tailed) Porcupine ______ (*) BR mt
    Coendou prehensilis
    BR: Ourico or Porco Espinho

  64. Bicolor-spinned Porcupine ______ (*) EC az
    Coendou bicolor
    EC: Puchan

  65. Koopman's Porcupine ______ BR
    Coendou nycthemera

  66. Bahia Hairy Dwarf Porcupine ______ BR
    Coendou
    (formerly Sphiggurus) insidiosus

  67. Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine ______ BR
    Coendou
    (formerly Sphiggurus) melanurus

  68. Van Roosmalen's Hairy Dwarf Porcupine ______ BR
    Coendou
    (formerly Sphiggurus) roosmalenorum

  69. Orange-spinned Hairy Dwarf Porcupine ______ BR
    Coendou
    (formerly Sphiggurus) spinosus

  70. Bristle-spinned Porcupine ______ BR
    Chaetomys subspinosus 
    (the single member of its genus)


    AGOUTIS & PACAS - Family Agoutidae
      (totally 16 species)

  71. Green Acouchi ______ (*) EC az
    Myoprocta exilis
    (formerly M. pratti)
    EC: Guatusa Pequena or Papali 

  72. Red Acouchi ______ BR
    Myoprocta acouchy

  73. Black Agouti ______ (*) EC az
    Dasyprocta fuliginosa
    EC: Guatusa

  74. Azara's Agouti ______ (*) AR ne, (*) BR mt, (*) PG
    Dasyprocta azarae
    BR: Cutia

  75. Red-rumped Agouti ______ (*) BR af,am,mn, (*) VE
    Dasyprocta leporina
    (formerly D. agouti)
    BR: Cutia
    VE: Picure or Acure

  76. Black-rumped Agouti ______ BR
    Dasyprocta prymnolopha

  77. Paca ______ (*) BR af,mt
    Cuniculus paca
    (genus name has been Agouti
    BR: Paca

  78. Mountain Paca ______
    Cuniculus taczanowskii



    PACARANA - Family Dinomyidae  (1 species)

  79. Pacarana (t2) ______ BR  (Amazon basin of Peru & W Brazil)
    Dinomys branickii 
    (the single member of its genus)


    CAVIES & GUINEA-PIGS  - Family Caviidae (totally 16 species)

  80. Common Yellow-toothed Cavy (t3CH) ______ (has also been called Highland Cavy)
    Galea musteloides

  81. Spix's Yellow-toothed Cavy ______ (*) BR se
    Galea spixii

  82. Southern Mountain Cavy  (t3CH) ______ (has also been called Lesser Cavy)
    Microavia australis

  83. Shipton's Mountain Cavy ______ (*) AR nw
    Microcavia shiptoni

  84. Brazilian Guinea-Pig ______ (*) AR ne, (*) BR mt
    Cavia aperea
    AR: Cuis (Campestre) or Cuis (Selvatico)

  85. Shiny Guinea-Pig ______
    Cavia fulgida

  86. Greater Guinea-Pig ______ (*) BR fs  (*) UG
    Cavia magna 

  87. Montane Guinea-Pig  (t3CH) ______ (has also been called Tschudi's Cavy)
    Cavia tschudii

  88. Acrobat Cavy ______ (in Goias, Brazil, in the area of the Rio Sao Mateus)
    Kerodon acrobata

     
  89. Rock Cavy ______ (*) BR mn
    Kerodon rupestris

  90. (Patagonian) Mara ______ (*) AR so (also known as Patagonian Cavy)
    Dolichotis patagonum
    AR: Mara (Patagonica) or Liebre Patagonica

  91. Chacoan Mara ______ AR
    Dolichotis salinicola



    CAPYBARA - Family Hydrochoeridae  (1 species, in the Neotropics)

  92. Capybara ______ (*) AR ne, (*) BR af,mt,fs, (*) VE ll
    Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris 
    (the single member of its genus & family)
    BR: Capivara or Cupido
    (The world's largest rodent. Mostly aquatic.)





    Capybaras were seen both day
    (above) & night (below) during our
    tours in Mato Grosso do Sul, not only in September 2006 
    (when these photos were taken), but during every FONT tour in that area. 



    Another photo (below) of an adult & young Capybaras was taken during the 
    FONT tour in Mato Grosso do Sul, in August 2008.
    (photo courtesy of Trevor & Pamela Sims) 





    DEGUS & TUCO-TUCOS - Family Octodontidae  (53 species, mostly in Argentina & Chile)

  93. Coruro (t1CH) ______  (sandy soils of lowlands of C Chile)
    Spalacopus cyanus 
    (the single member of its genus)
    Spalacopus cyanus maulinus 
    (CH subspecies)


  94. Chilean Rock Rat ______  (montane forests & bunchgrass of Andes of C Chile & WC Argentina)
    Pithanotomys fuscus

  95. Sage's Rock Rat ______  (montane forests & bunchgrass of Andes locally in Neuquen Prov of WC Argentina & Malleco Prov of C Chile)
    Pithanotomys sagei

  96. Bridge's Degu  (t2CH) ______  (forests & bamboo thickets of Andes of C Chile & WC Argentina)
    Octodon bridgesi

  97. Common Degu ______ (*) CH cc  (semiarid scrub of W slope of Andes of NC Chile)
    Octodon degus
    CH: Degu de las Pircas

  98. Moon-toothed Degu (t2CH) ______ (also called Coastal Degu) (dense thorn scrub of coastal mountains of NC Chile)
    Octodon lunatus

  99. Mountain Degu ______ (*) CH fn  (open dry rocky habitats of Andes of SW Bolivia, N Chile, & NW Argentina)
    Octodontomys gliroides

     
  100. Mountain Viscacha-Rat ______ (not to be confused with the formerly Mountain, now Northern & Southern Viscachas, in the Visvcacha & Chinchilla family) (arid rocky slopes of Andean foothills in NW Argentina)
    Octomys mimax 
    (the single member of its genus)

     
  101. Golden Viscacha-Rat ______ (in NW Argentina, in Catamarca Province)
    Pipanacoctomys aureus 
    (the single member of its genus)

  102. Plains Viscacha-Rat ______ AR
    Tympanoctomys barrerae 
    (the single member of its genus)

  103. Argentine Tuco-tuco ______ AR (Chaco Province)
    Ctenomys argentinus

  104. Brazilian Tuco-tuco ______ (*) BR mn
    Ctenomys brasiliensis 

  105. Natterer's Tuco-tuco ______
    Ctenomys nattereri

  106. Magellanic Tuco-tuco ______ (*) CH fs
    Ctenomys magellanicus

  107. Tawny Tuco-tuco ______ (*) AR nw
    Ctenomys fulvus 
    AR: Tucotuco del Tamarugal 


    SPINY RATS - Family Echimyidae  (totally 81 species)

  108. Common Spiny Tree Rat  ______ (*) BR af, (*) EC az
    Mesomys hispidus

  109. Venezuelan Spiny Rat ______
    Proechimys amphichoricus

  110. Huallaga Spiny Rat ______
    Proechimys brevicauda

  111. Cuvier's Spiny Rat ______  (in the Guianas and eastern Amzonian Brazil)
    Proechimys cuvieri

  112. Hairy Spiny Rat  ______  (*) BR mn  (in forests of Minas Gerais, Brazil)
    Proechimys setosus

  113. Punar ______  (in rocky outcrops, cerrado and caatinga of Paraguay & eastern Brazil)
    Thrichomys apereoides

  114. Coypu (also known as Nutria) ______ (*) AR ba, (*) BR fs, se (*) CH ce
    Myocastor coypus
    BR: Ratao do Banhado
    CH: Coipo




    A Coypu, or Nutria, photographed during a FONT tour
    (photo by Marie Gardner)


    VISCACHAS & CHINCHILLAS - Family Chinchillidae  (6 species)

  115. Northern Viscacha _____ (*) AR,  (*) CH  (this & the following species have been combined, and called the Mountain Viscacha)
    Lagidium peruanum
    CH: Vizcacha de Montana




    A Northern Viscacha, photographed during a FONT tour in far-northern Chile 


  116. Southern Viscacha ______ (*) AR,  (*) CH
    Lagidium viscacia
    CH: Vizcacha de Montana 
       



    A Southern Viscacha, photographed during a FONT tour in central Chile

  117. (Long-tailed) Chinchilla ______ (*) CH fn
    Chinchilla lanigera 




    Chinchilla




    Short-tailed Chinchilla
  118. Short-tailed Chinchilla (ce) ______ (*) BO
    Chinchilla brevicaudata


    CHINCHILLA-RATS  - Family Abrocomidae  (9 species)

  119. Ashy Chincilla-Rat ______ (*) AR nw
    Abrocoma cinera


    CATS - Family Felidae  (totally 39 species)

  120. Jaguarundi (t) ______ (*) BR mt
    Felis
    (formerly Herpailurus) yagouaroundi
    AR: Gato Eyra, Gato Moro

  121. Colocolo ______  (highlands of N Chile & forests of C Chile and W slope of the Andes)
    Felis (formerly Leopardus) colocolo
     
  122. Pantanal Cat ______ (*) BR mt  (southwest & southern Brazil) 
    Felis (formerly Leopardus) braccata  (This and the Pampas Cat, F. pajeros, split from the Colocolo, F. colocolo)
    BR: Gato Palheiro




    The Pantanal Cat
    (formerly part of the more-southerly Pampas Cat)
    photographed at
    night during a FONT tour in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. 


  123. Geoffrey's Cat ______ (*) CH fs  (Bolivia, Paraguay, southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, & Chile) 
    Felis (formerly Leopardus) geoffroyi
    CH: Gato Montes

  124. Kodkod ______ (moist coniferous forests of SC Chile & SW Argentina)
    Felis
    (formerly Leopardus) guigna

  125. Pampas Cat ______  (east slope of Andes from Ecuador to NW Argentina, also lowlands of Argentina & S Chile)
    Felis (formerly Leopardus) pajeros  (This and the
    Pantanal Cat, F. braccata, split from the Colocolo, F. colocolo

  126. Ocelot (v) ______ (*) BR mt  (from Texas/Mexico south to N Argentina & SE Brazil)
    Felis
    (formerly Leopardus) pardalis
    AR: Gato Onza, Ocelote
    BR: Gato do Mato Grande




    Ocelots
    (above & below)  photographed at night during 
    FONT tour in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
    This wonderful animal has been seen nicely during many FONT tours in that area.    

     

  127. Oncilla (or Little Spotted Cat) ______  (Costa Rica south to N Argentina & SE Brazil) 
    Felis
    (formerly Leopardus) tigrina

  128. Margay ______  (Mexico south to N Argentina & Uruguay) 
    Felis
    (formerly Leopardus) wiedii

  129. Puma (also called Cougar or Mountain Lion or Panther) ______ (*) VE ll  (southwest Canada to southern Chile & Argentina)
    Felis (formerly Puma) concolor
    AR & CH: Puma, Leon Americano




    Puma

  130. Andean Cat (e) ______ (high altitude rocky regions of S Peru, SW Bolivia, N Chile, & NW Argentina)
    Felis (formerly Oreallurus) jacobita

  131. Jaguar ______ (*) BR mt  (Mexico to N Argentina & S Brazil)
    Panthera (formerly Jaguarius) onca 
    BR: Onca Pintada




    The Jaguar (above & below) 
    This mighty animal has been seen during 2 FONT Brazil tours 
    in Mato Grosso do Sul in the last 3 years.






    DOGS & FOXES - Family Canidae  (totally 35 species)

  132. Maned Wolf (v) ______ (*) ARh ne,  (*) BR mn,mt
    Chrysocyon brachyurus
    AR: Aguara Guazu, Lobo de Crin
    BR: Lobo Guara 

    Link: Maned Wolf Feature



    Three photos of the Maned Wolf  





    This lower photo of a Maned Wolf after dark at a monastery 
    in the remote hills of Minas Gerais, Brazil, as seen during a number of FONT tours.


  133. Gray Fox ______ VE  (a North American species occurring as far south as northern Colombia & Venezuela)
    Urocyon cinereoargenteus    

  134. Colpeo (Fox) ______ (*) AR tf,  (*) CH cc,tf
    Pseudalopex (has been said by some to be Dusicyon) culpaeus
    AR: Zorro Colorado
    CH: Zorro Culpeo
    (There are 6 subspecies.) (On Tierra del Fuego (in Argentina) called Fuegian Fox,
    P. c. magellanicus)

  135. (Argentine) Gray Fox (includes Pampas Fox) ______ (*) AR,  (*) BR fs,  (*) CH fs tf
    Pseudalopex
    (has been said by some to be Dusicyon) griseus
    AR: Zorro Gris, Chilla
    CH: Zorro Chilla
    (There are 7 subspecies.) (The Pampas Fox, of e. Bolivia, s. Brazil, w. Paraguay, and central & eastern Argentina has been said by some to be
    P. gymnocercus, AR: Zorro Pampa




    Above & Below: 2 photographs of  Pampas Foxes

    Above: a photograph during the November 2009 FONT tour in Chile 
    (photo by Robert Hinz)

    Below: A Chiloe Fox, a dark subspecies of the Pampas Fox in southern Chile


      


  136. Sechura Fox ______ EC, PE
    Pseudalopex sechurae

  137. Crab-eating Fox ______ (*) BR mt,  (*) VE ll  (forest & savannas from Colombia south to N Argentina & Uruguay) 
    Cerdocyon
    (has been said by some to Dusicyon) thous
    (There are 7 subspecies.)
    BR: Graxaim or Cachorro do Mato




    Above & below: Crab-eating Foxes photographed at night during  
    a FONT Brazil tour in Mato Grosso do Sul.  
    The species has been seen during every FONT tour in that area.





  138. Hoary Fox ______ (*) BR mn  (cerrado & caatinga of highlands of interior east-central Brazil)
    Lycalopex
    (has been said by some to be Dusicyon) vetulus

  139. Short-eared Dog ______ (*) BR af
    Atelocynus) (has been said by some to be Dusicyon) microtis
    (a rarely seen animal)

  140. Bush Dog ______
    Speothos venaticus


    BEARS - Family Ursidae  (totally 8 species)

  141. Spectacled (or Andean) Bear ______ (mountain forests from W Venezuela south to W Bolivia)
    Tremarctos ornatus


    EARED SEALS - Family Otariidae  (totally 14 species) 


  142. Galapagos Sea Lion (a race of the California Sea Lion) ______ (*) EC gp
    Zalophus californianus wollebacki 

  143. Southern (or South American) Sea Lion ______ (*) AR so,tf, (*) BR fs, (*) CH fn ce 
    Otaria byronia 
    (has been Otaria flavescens)
    AR & CH: Lobo de un Pelo
     
  144. South American Fur Seal ______ (*) AR tf
    Arctocephalus australis
    AR: Lobo de los Pelos

  145. Galapagos Fur Seal ______ (*) EC gp
    Artocephalus galapagoensis 


    EARLESS SEALS - Family Phocidae  (totally 20 species)

  146. Southern Elephant Seal ______ (*) AR so
    Mirounga leonina
    AR: Elefante Marino



    OTTERS & ALLIES - Family Mustelidae  (totally 68 species)
  147. Greater Grison (or Huron) ______ (*) BR af
    Galictis vittata 
    BR: Furao or Furax

  148. Lesser Grison ______  (*) BR fs
    Galictis cuja

  149. Tayra ______ (*) BR af,am,mn,se
    Eira barbata
    BR: Irara
    (This animal rather like a South American Marten

  150. Amazon Weasel ______
    Mustela africana

  151. Patagonian Weasel ______
    Lyncodon patagonicus

  152. Humboldt's (or Patagonian) Hog-nosed Skunk (t) ______ (*) CH fs
    Conepatus humboldti
    AR: Zorrino Patagonico, Zorrino Chico
    CH: Chingue de la Patagonia

  153. Molina's Hog-nosed Skunk ______
    Conepatus chinga

  154. Striped Hog-nosed Skunk ______
    Conepatus  semistriatus

  155. Giant Otter (also called Brazilian Otter) (e) ______ (*) BR af,mt
    Pteronura brasiliensis
    BR: Ariranha




    The Giant Otters above were photographed during a FONT tour in the Pantanal of Brazil.
    Another photo and an color illustration of the species are below.  





    The photo below of 2 Giant Otters was taken during 
    the FONT Brazil Tour in August 2008.
    The animals was first seen resting on wooden steps along a riverbank.
    Later, they entered the water, and swam away.
    (photo courtesy of Trevor & Pamela Sims)     



  156. Neotropical River Otter ______ (*) BR mt,rs,se
    Lutra
    (formerly Lontra) longicaudus
    AR: Lobito Comun, Guairao
    BR: Lontra or Cachorro-d'agua

  157. Marine Otter (e)   ______  (*) CH
    Lutra
    (formerly Lontra) felina

  158. Southern River Otter  ______   (*)  CH
    Lutra
    (formerly Lontra) provocax  


    RACCOONS - Family Procyonidae  (totally 19 species)

  159. Crab-eating Raccoon ______ (*) BR mt, (*) VE ll
    Procyon cancrivorous
    BR: Mao Pelada




    Crab-eating Raccoon, photographed during a FONT tour in Venezuela
     
  160. South American Coati ______ (*) AR ig,   (*) BR ig,mn,mt,se
    Nasua nasua
    AR: Coati, Pisote
    BR: Quati or Quatimunde


    (When is a Coati a Coatimundi? Female Coatis and their young associate in bands of 5-12 individuals, but adult males are solitary. This difference at first confused biologists, who described the solitary males as a separate species. The use of the name "coatimundi" (meaning "lone Coati" in the Guarani language) for this species reflects the same error.) 






    Above: Two photos of the South American Coati
    Below: a group of them seen during the FONT Brazil tour in August 2008.
    (photo below courtesy of Trevor & Pamela Sims)




  161. Mountain Coati ______
    Nasuella olivacea

  162. Allen's Olingo ______
    Bassariscus alleni

  163. Bushy-tailed Olingo ______
    Bassariscus gabbii

  164. Kinkajou ______ BR
    Potos flavus

      

    SHEATH-TAILED BATS - Family Emballonuridae  (totally 51 species)

  165. Proboscis Bat ______ (*) BR,  (*)  EC az 
    Rhynchonycteris naso

  166. Shaggy Bat ______ BR
    Centronycteris maximiliani

  167. Greater White-lined Bat ______ (*) BR af,mt
    Saccopteryx bilineata

  168. Amazonian White-lined Bat ______ BR
    Saccopteryx gymnura

  169. Lesser White-lined Bat ______ BR
    Saccopteryx leptura

  170. Chestnut Sac-winged Bat ______ BR
    Cormura brevirostris

  171. White-winged Dog-like Bat ______ BR
    Peropteryx
    (formerly Peroymus) leucoptera

  172. Greater Dog-like Bat ______ BR
    Peropteryx kappleri

  173. Trinidad Dog-like Bat ______ BR
    Peropteryx macrotis

  174. Smoky Sheath-tailed Bat ______ BR
    Cyttarops alecto


    FISHING BATS - Family Noctilionidae  (2 species)

  175. Greater Fishing Bat (also called Bulldog Bat) ______ (*) BR af,  (*) EC az, VE ll
    Noctilio leporinus
  176. Lesser (or Southern) Bulldog Bat ______ (*) BR af,mn
    Noctilio albiventris


    LEAF-CHINNED BATS - Family Mormoopidae  (totally 8 species) 

  177. Lesser Moustached Bat ______ BR
    Pteronotus personatus

  178. Common Moustached Bat ______ BR
    Pteronotus parnellii

  179. Davy's Naked-backed Bat ______ BR
    Pteronotus davyi


    AMERICAN LEAF-NOSED BATS - Family Phyllostomidae  (totally 155 species)

  180. Behni's Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris
    (formerly Glyphonycteris) behnii

  181. Davies' Big-eared Bat (or Bartica Bat) ______ BR
    Micronycteris
    (formerly Glyphonycteris) daviesi

  182. Tricolored Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris
    (formerly Glyphonycteris) sylvestris

  183. Orange-throated Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris
    (formerly Lampronycteris) brachyotis

  184. Hairy Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris hirsuta

  185. Little Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris megalotis

  186. Common Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris microtis

  187. White-bellied Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris minuta

  188. Niceforo's Big-eared Bat ______ BR
    Micronycteris nicefori

  189. Common Sword-nosed Bat ______ BR
    Lonchorhina aurita

  190. Long-legged Bat ______ BR
    Macrophyllum macrophyllum

  191. Greater Round-eared Bat ______ BR
    Tonatia bidens

  192. White-throated Round-eared Bat ______ BR
    Tonatia silvicola

  193. Striped Hairy-nosed Bat ______ BR
    Mimon
    (formerly Anthorhina) crenulatum

  194. Golden Bat ______ BR
    Mimon bennettii

  195. Pale Spear-nosed Bat ______ BR
    Phyllostomus discolor

  196. Seba's Short-tailed Bat ______ (*) EC az
    Carollia perspicillata

  197. Fringed Fruit-eating Bat ______ BR
    Artibeus fimbriatus 

  198. Silver Fruit-eating Bat ______ BR
    Artibeus glaucus

  199. Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat ______ BR
    Artibeus jamaicensis

  200. Great Fruit-eating Bat ______ (*) BR mt,  (*) VE
    Artibeus lituratus


    VESPER BATS - Family Vespertilionidae  (totally 364 species)

  201. Chilean Myotis ______ (*) CH ce
    Myotis
    (formerly Leuconoe) chiloensis

  202. Atacama Myotis ______ (*) CH fn
    Myotis
    (formerly Selysius) atacamensis (formerly Selysius) atacamensis


    MARMOSETS & TAMARINS - Family Callitrichidae  (totally 43 species)

  203. Buffy-tufted Marmoset (formerly one of the subspecies of Tufted-ear Marmoset) (e) ______ (*) BR se (SE Brazil, in Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, & Sao Paulo) 
    Callithrix aurita
    BR: Sauim or Sagui

  204. Buffy-headed Marmoset (formerly one of the subspecies of Tufted-ear Marmoset) (e) ______ (*) BR mn  (EC Brazil, locally in Minas Gerais, S Espirito Santo, & Rio de Janeiro)
    Callithrix flaviceps
    BR: Sauim or Sagui




    A Buffy-headed Marmoset photographed during the FONT tour 
    in Minas Gerais, Brazil, in March 2008
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  205. Black-tailed Marmoset (formerly one of the subspecies of Silvery Marmoset) ______ (*) BR mt  (W&C Brazil, & nearby Bolivia & Paraguay)
    Callithrix melanura 

  206. Silvery Marmoset ______ BR  (E Amazonian Brazil, in Para) 
    Callithrix argentata
    BR: Sauim or Sagui

  207. Rio Acari Marmoset ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix acariensis

  208. Gold-and-white Marmoset ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil, S of the Amazon River)
    Callithrix chrysoleuca

  209. Emilia's Marmoset ______ BR  (S Amazonian Brazil, in Rondonia & N Mato Grosso)
    Callithrix emiliae

  210. Geoffrey's Marmoset ______ BR  (EC Brazil, in Minas Gerais & Espirito Santo)
    Callithrix geoffroyi

  211. Santarem Marmoset ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil, S of the Amazon River)
    Callithrix humeralifera 

  212. Dwarf Marmoset ______ BR  (SC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix humilis 

  213. Hershkovitz's Marmoset ______ BR  (locally in SC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix intermedia

  214. White-tufted Marmoset ______ BR  (NE Brazil)
    Callithrix jacchus

  215. Wied's Black-tufted Marmoset ______ BR  (EC Brazil, in S Bahia & extreme NW Minas Gerais)
    Callithrix kuhlii

  216. White Marmoset ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil, in Para)
    Callithrix leucippe

  217. Rio Manicore Marmoset ______ BR  (locally in C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix manicorensis

  218. Marca's Marmoset ______ BR  (locally in SC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix marcai 

  219. Rio Maues Marmoset ______ BR  (locally in C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix mauesi

  220. Black-headed Marmoset ______ BR  (very locally in SC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix nigriceps

  221. Black-tufted Marmoset ______ BR  (NE & EC Brazil)
    Callithrix penicillata

  222. Satere-Maues' Marmoset ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callithrix saterei

  223. Pygmy Marmoset ______ (*) EC az  (E Ecuador, NE Peru, & C Amazonian Brazil)
    Cebuella pygmaea
    EC: Mono de Bolsillo, or Leoncito
    (the world's smallest true monkey)
    (A family group of at least 5 was seen during one of our tours at La Selva along the Napo River in Ecuador. This is a very interesting mammal in that an entire family group will stay in one tree for up to a year feeding on sap. When the sap begins to run low, they'll leave the tree, moving to another, and "set-up shop" for another year.)    

  224. Black-mantled Tamarin ______ (*) EC az  (rainforests of Amazon basin in E Ecuador, E Peru, & NW Brazil) 
    Saguinus nigricollis 
    EC: Chichico or Leoncito 

  225. Pied Bare-faced Tamarin (ce) ______ (*) BR am  (rainforests of the Manaus region, in C Amazonian Brazil - E of the Rio Negro & N of the Amazon River)
    Saguinus bicolor   

  226. Martin's Bare-faced Tamarin ______  BR  (NC Amazonian Brazil, north of the Amazon River) (has been considered conspecific with the Pied Bare-faced Tamarin, and then-called the Brazilian Bare-faced Tamarin)  
    Saguinus martinsi

  227. Saddle-backed Tamarin ______ BR  (dense forests of S Colombia, E Ecuador, E Peru, N bolivia, & N&W Brazil)
    Saguinus fuscicollis

  228. Emperor Tamarin ______ BR  (dense lowland forests of E Peru & W Brazil)
    Saguinus imperator

  229. Mottle-faced Tamarin ______ BR  (SE Colombia & NW Brazil)
    Saguinus inustus

  230. Red-chested Moustached Tamarin ______ BR  (N Bolivia & W Amazonian Brazil)
    Saguinus labiatus

  231. White-mantled Tamarin ______ BR  (W Amazonian Brazil)
    Saguinus melanoleucus

  232. Red-handed Tamarin ______ (*) BR (Guyana & NE Amazonian Brazil, east of the Rio Negro, north of the Amazon River)
    Saguinus midas 

  233. Black-chested Moustached Tamarin ______ BR  (NE Peru & W Amazonian Brazil)
    Saguinus mystax

  234. Black Tamarin ______ BR  (E Amazonian Brazil, S of the Amazon River)
    Saguinus niger 


  235. Red-capped Moustached Tamarin ______ BR  (W Amazonian Brazil)
    Saguinus pileatus

  236. Black-faced Lion Tamarin (ce) ______ BR  (SE Brazil, in Sao Paulo & Parana)
    Leontopithecus caissara

  237. Golden-headed Lion Tamarin (e) ______ BR  (EC Brazil, in S Bahia & NE Minas Gerais)
    Leontopithecus chrysomelas




    Golden-headed Lion Tamarin

  238. Black Lion Tamarin (ce) ______ BR  (SE Brazil, in 2 small remnant forest patches in Sao Paulo)
    Leontopithecus chrysopygus

  239. Golden Lion Tamarin (ce) ______ BR  (SE Brazil, in a few isolated forest patches in C&S Rio de Janeiro)
    Leontopithecus rosalia


    NEW WORLD MONKEYS - Family Atelidae  (totally 82 species)

  240. Black Howler Monkey ______ (*) AR ne, (*) BR mt  (SC Brazil, E Bolivia, Paraguay, & NE Argentina)
    Alouatta caraya
    AR: Mono Aullador Negro, Caraya
    BR: Guariba or Bugio or Caraja

    (male: black; female: brown)




    Above: male Black Howler Monkey
    Below: female Black Howler Monkey
    Photographed during a FONT tour in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.





  241. Red-handed Howler Monkey ______ (*) BR af  (C & NE Brazil)
    Alouatta belzebul
    BR: Guariba

  242. Amazon Black Howler Monkey ______ BR  (C&E Amazonian Brazil, both N&S of the Amazon River)
    Alouatta nigerrima 

  243. Brown Howler Monkey (t2) ______ (*) BR se,mn  (Atlantic forest from Bahia south to NE Argentina)
    Alouatta guariba
    (formerly A. fusca)
    AR: Mono Aullador Rufo
    BR: Bugio or Ruivo or Guariba
    (In subspecies A. f. clamitans of southern South America, adult males are bright reddish with a golden tint; most adult females are brown.)




    A male Brown Howler Monkey in the trees of a fine forest
    in Minas Gerais, Brazil during a FONT tour in October 2009  
    (photo by Marie Gardner)


  244. Venezuelan Red Howler Monkey ______ (*) EC az,  (*) VE hp  (Colombia, Venezuela, NW Brazil)
    Alouatta seniculus
    VE: Mono Colorado
    EC: Coto Mono

  245. Guyanan Red Howler Monkey ______ (*) BR am  (Guyana & NC Amazonian Brazil)
    Alouatta macconnelli

  246. Bolivian Red Howler Monkey ______ BR  (S Peru, Bolivia, SW Brazil)
    Alouatta sara

  247. White-nosed Bearded Saki (v) ______ (*) BR af,am  (C Brazil, S of the Amazon River to Mato Grosso)
    Chiropotes albinasus
    BR: Cuxiu or Piroclucu or Piroculu

  248. Brown Bearded Saki (e) ______ BR  (NE Brazil)
    Chiropotes satanas

  249. Buffy Saki ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil, S of the Solimoes River)
    Pithecia albicans 

  250. Gray Monk Saki ______ BR  (C & SW Amazonian Brazil, & S Peru to Bolivia)
    Pithecia irrorata

  251. Monk Saki ______ BR  (S Colombia, E Ecuador, N Peru, & W Brazil)
    Pithecia monachus

  252. Guianan Saki ______ BR  (E Venezuela & French Guiana, & NE Brazil south to the Amazon River)
    Pithecia pithecia

  253. Red Uakari ______ BR  (N Peru & WC Brazil)
    Cacajao calvus

  254. Black Uakari ______ BR  (SE Colombia, extreme S Venezuela, & NW Brazil)
    Cacajao melanocephalus

  255. Brown Tufted Capuchin (*) BR af,am,mt  (Colombia south to Peru & C Brazil)
    Cebus apella
    AR: Cai Comun, Mono
    BR: Macaco Prego 

  256. Weeping (or Wedge-capped) Capuchin ______ (*) VE ll  (forests of Colombia, French Guiana, & in Brazil S to the Rio Negro & Amazon River)
    Cebus olivaceus
    VE: Mono Chuco

  257. White-fronted Capuchin ______ BR  (Colombia, Venezuela, NW Brazil, Ecuador, & N Peru)
    Cebus albifrons

  258. Ka'apor Capuchin ______ BR  (in Maranhao, NE Brazil)
    Cebus kaapori

  259. Black-striped Tufted Capuchin ______ (*) AR ne,  (*) BR  (forests of Bolivia, N Argentina, Paraguay, & S Brazil) 
    Cebus libidinosus

  260. Black Tufted Capuchin ______ (*) BR mn,se  (Atlantic forests of SE Brazil)
    Cebus nigritus




    A Black-tufted Capuchin photographed during the FONT August 2007 tour
    in Southeast Brazil
    (photo by Dan Coleman)

  261. Golden-bellied Tufted Capuchin (ce) ______ BR  (EC Brazil, in forest remnants in S Bahia & N Minas Gerais)
    Cebus xanthosternos

  262. White-bellied Spider Monkey (was previously merged with Black Spider Monkey) ______ (*) BR af
    Ateles belzebuth marginatus
    BR: Coata
     

  263. Black Spider Monkey (v) ______ BR  (undisturbed primary rainforests from Guyana south into NE Amazonian Brazil, north of Amazon River, west to the Rio Negro)
    Ateles paniscus  

  264. Peruvian Spider Monkey ______ BR (E Peru, N Bolivia, & W Amazonian Brazil)
    Ateles chamek

  265. White-whiskered Spider Monkey (e) ______ BR  (EC Amazonian Brazil, south of the Amazon River)
    Ateles marginatus 

  266. Southern Muriqui  (t1)  ______ BR  (SE Brazil, in Atlantic forest remnants of Rio de Janeiro & Sao Paulo) 
    (was called
    "Woolly Spider Monkey")
    Brachyteles arachnoides
    (This rare animal is the largest monkey in the New World, up to 5 feet tall)

  267. Northern Muriqui  (t1)  ______ (*) BR  mn  (EC Brazil, in Atlantic forest remnants from Bahia to Espirito Santo & Minas Gerais) 
    (was called
    "Woolly Spider Monkey")
    Brachyteles hypoxanthus
    (Split from the Southern Muriqui in 2001)  

  268. Gray Woolly Monkey ______ BR  (S Peru & S Amazonian Brazil)
    Lagothrix cana

  269. Brown Woolly Monkey ______ BR  (SE Colombia, NE Ecuador, & NW Amazonian Brazil, east to the Rio Negro)
    Lagothrix lagotricha

  270. Silvery Woolly Monkey ______ BR  (highlands of E Ecuador & N Peru, & extreme W Amazonian Brazil)
    Lagothrix poeppigii 

  271. Common Squirrel Monkey ______ (*) EC az
    Saimiri sciureus
    EC: Fraile, Frailecito, Barizo
    (In the latest taxonomy, there are in total 5 squirrel monkey species, in Central & South America.)

  272. Bolivian Squirrel Monkey ______ BR  (Amazon basin of E Peru, Bolivia & SW Brazil)
    Saimiri boliviensis 

  273. Bare-eared Squirrel Monkey ______ (*) BR am  (C Amazonian Brazil, S of the Amazon River)
    Saimiri ustus

  274. Black Squirrel Monkey ______ BR  (W Amazonian Brazil)
    Saimiri vanzolinii

  275. Coppery Tit (formerly one of the subspecies of Dusky Titi) ______ (*) EC az
    Callicebus cupreus 
    EC: Zocayo, Saui

  276. Dusky Titi ______ BR  (EC Amazonian Brazil, S of the Amazon River)
    Callicebus moloch

  277. Masked Titi (v) ______ (*) BR mn  (EC Brazil, coastal forests of EC Minas Gerais, S Espirito Santo, & NE Rio de Janeiro)
    Callicebus personatus
    BR: Guigo or Saua




    A Masked Titi during a FONT tour in Minas Gerais, Brazil in October 2009 
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  278. Black-fronted Titi (formerly a subspecies of Masked Titi) (v) ______ (*) BR se  (Atlantic forest of S Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, & SW Rio de Janerio)
    Callicebus nigrifrons 

  279. Baptista Lake Titi ______ BR (C Amazonian Brazil, S of the Amazon River)
    Callicebus baptista

  280. Blond Titi (ce) ______ BR  (EC Brazil, in remnant forests of N Bahia)
    Callicebus barbarabrownae

  281. Prince Benhard's Titi ______ BR  (SC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus bernhardi

  282. Brown Titi _____ BR  (SC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus brunneus

  283. Booted Titi _____ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus calligatus

  284. Ashy-black Titi ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus cinerascens

  285. Coimbra-Filho's Titi (ce) ______ BR  (NE Brazil)
    Callicebus coimbrai

  286. Double-browed Titi ______ BR  (WC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus discolor

  287. Dubious Titi ______ BR  (WC Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus dubius

  288. Hoffmann's Titi ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus hoffmannsi

  289. Lucifer Titi ______ BR  (S Colombia, E Ecuador, NE Peru, & W Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus lucifer

  290. Mourning Titi ______ BR  (NW Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus lugens

  291. Black-handed Titi  (formerly a subspecies of Masked Titi) ______ BR (Atlantic forest of EC Brazil, in SE Bahia & N Espirito Santo)
    Callicebus melanochir

  292. Pallid Titi ______ BR  (Paraguay & SC Brazil: the Pantanal region of Mato Grosso do Sul)
    Callicebus pallescens   

  293. Red-crowned Titi ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus purinus

  294. Kinglet Titi ______ BR  (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus regulus 

  295. Stephen Nash's Titi ______ BR  (WC Amazonian Brazil, not well known)
    Callicebus stephennashi

  296. Collared Titi ______ BR (C Amazonian Brazil)
    Callicebus torquatus

  297. Azara's Night Monkey ______ BR  (Amazonian Brazil south to NE Argentina)
    Aotus azarai

  298. Nancy Ma's Night Monkey ______ BR  (Western Amazonian Brazil)
    Aotus nancymaae

  299. Black-headed Night Monkey ______ BR  (E Peru & W&C Amazonian Brazil)
    Aotus nigriceps 

  300. Northern Night Monkey ______ BR  (E Colombia, S Venezuela, & NC Brazil)
    Aotus trivirgatus

  301. Noisy Night Monkey ______ BR  (Colombia, E Ecuador, N Peru, & NW Amazonian Brazil)
    Aotus vociferans



    AMAZON RIVER DOLPHIN - Family Iniidae  (1 species)

  302. Amazon (or Pink) River Dolphin (also called Boto or Boutu) ______ (*) BR am, (*) VE ll
    Inia geroffrensis
    VE: Tonina 
    (Another species of dolphin also occurs in the Amazon River Basin, the Tucuxi (or Gray Dolphin), noted below.)


    FRANCISCANA - Family Pontoporiidae  (1 species)

  303. Franciscana ______ BR se
    Pontoporia blainvillei


    MARINE DOLPHINS - Family Delphinidae  (totally 34 species)

  304. Dusky Dolphin ______ (*) AR so
    Lagenorhynchus obscurus
    AR: Delfin Oscuro

  305. Peale's Dolphin ______ (*) CH tf
    Lagenorhynchus australis
    CH: Delfin Griseoblanco

  306. Commerson's Dolphin ______ (*) CH tf
    Cephalorhynchus commersonii
    CH: Delfin Blanco
    (This striking black-and-white marine mammal (much like a porpoise) in the eastern Strait of Magellan. During one tour, we watched them in smooth water, apparently fishing, with penguins.)   

  307. Common Dolphin ______ (*) CH fn (offshore from Arica, Chile, during a pelagic trip)
    Delphinus delphis
    CH: Delfin Comun

  308. "Atlantic" Bottlenose Dolphin ______ (*) BR fs (seen during a FONT tour from shore by a long rock jetty that extended about 2 miles out to sea, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)

  309. Orca (or Killer Whale) ______ (*) AR so
    Orcinus orca
    AR: Orca 
    (seen in surf, where there were seals and sea lions on the beach, along the Argentine coast at the Valdez Peninsula)  

  310. Tucuxi (or Gray Dolphin) ______ (*) BR am  (In South American rivers draining into the Atlantic & the Caribbean. Throughout the entire Amazon River basin. Also in coastal waters north to Panama, occasionally Costa Rica.) 
    Sotalia fluviatilis
    BR: Tucuxi




    RIGHT WHALES - Family Balaenidae  (totally 5 species)

  311. Southern Right Whale ______ (*) AR so
    Balaena (glacialis) australis
    AR: Ballena Franca Austral
    (seen in numbers in the ocean along the Argentine coast at the Valdez Peninsula)


    RORQUALS - Family Balaenopteridae  (totally 8 species) 

  312. Humpback Whale ______ (*) EC we
    Megaptera novaeangliae
    (during one FONT tour, seen breaching completely out of the water, in the ocean off the coast of western Ecuador) 


    PECCARIES - Family Tayassuidae  (3 species)

  313. Collared Peccary  (also known as Javelina) ______ (*) BR mt
    Dicotyles tajacu

  314. White-lipped Peccary ______ (*) BR af
    Tayassu pecari
    BR: Queixada
    (The White-lipped Peccary is larger than the Collared Peccary. The White-lipped Peccary is black with a white chin (and no collar).

  315. Chacoan Peccary (e) ______ AR
    Catagonus wagneri


    CAMELS - Family Camelidae  (totally 7 species)

  316. Vicuna (v) ______ (*) AR fn,  (*) CH fn
    Vicugna vicugna
    CH: Vicuna




    Vicuna

  317. Guanaco ______ (*) AR fs tf,  (*) CH fn fs tf
    Lama guanicoe




    Guanaco

  318. Llama ______ (*) AR fn,  (*) CH fn (a domesticated animal)
    Lama glama
    CH: Llama

  319. Alpaca ______ (*) CH fn (a domesticated animal)
    Lama pacos


    Some Notes about the South American Lamoids
    (the Llama, Alpaca, Guanaco, Vicuna)

    Combined there are an estimated 7.7 million of these animals, with 53% in Peru, 37% in Bolivia, 8% in Argentina, and 2% in Chile.
    The domestic Llamas and Alpacas (91% of the total) are far more numerous than the wild Guanacos and Vicunas (9%). Llamas (3.7 million) are slightly more abundant than Alpacas (3.3 million) and Guanacos (575,000) are much more common than Vicunas (85,000).
    Most Alpacas (91%) and Vicunas (72%) are in Peru, and the majority of Llamas (70%) are in Bolivia, and nearly all of the Guanacos (96%) are in Argentina. 
    The Guanaco has been decreasing during recent years due to hunting and competition with livestock. The Vicuna was reduced to a dangerously low population in the 1960's, but the species is now recovering under protection.


    DEER - Family Cervidae  (totally 47 species)  

  320. White-tailed Deer ______ (*) VE ll
    Odocoileus virginianus
    VE: Venado (Llanero)

  321. Pampas Deer ______ (*) BR
    Odocoileus bezoarticus




    Pampas Deer

  322. Marsh Deer (v) ______ (*) AR ne,  (*) BR mt
    Blastocerus dichotomus
    BR: Cervo do Pantanal




    Above: A Marsh Deer (& a Giant Cowbird) photographed during 
    a FONT Brazil tour in Mato Grosso do Sul.
    Below: Another Marsh Deer photographed during our tour there in March 2008.
    (photo below by Marie Gardner)
      




  323. Gray (or Brown) Brocket (Deer) ______ (*) AR ne,  (*) BR af,fs,mt 
    Mazama gouazoubira
    BR: Veado Vira




    A Gray Brocket Deer photographed during the FONT Brazil tour
    in Mato Grosso do Sul in March 2008
    (photo by Marie Gardner)


  324. Red Brocket (Deer) ______ (*) BR af,mt 
    Mazama americana
    BR: Veado Mateiro

  325. Little Red Brocket (Deer) ______ EC
    Mazama rufina

  326. Dwarf Brocket ______ PE
    Mazama chunyi

  327. Pygmy Brocket (Deer) (also called Bororo) ______ (*) BR ig
    Mazama rufina  

  328. Peruvian (or Northern) Guemal (or Huemul) (v) ______ (*) CH fn
    Hippocamelus antisensis
    (distinct from (Chilean or) Southern Huemul (or Guemal), Hippocamelus bisuleus)
    CH: Taruca




    A Peruvian (or Northern) Guemal, photographed during a FONT tour in northern Chile
      
  329. Chilean (or Southern) Guemal (e) ______ AR CH
    Hippocamelus bisulcus

  330. Northern Pudu ______ EC, PE
    Pudu mephistophiles

  331. Southern Pudu (e) ______ (*) CH so
    Pudu pudu
    CH: Pudu




    A Southern Pudu, a very small deer


    TAPIRS - Family Tapiridae  (totally 4 species)

  332. Brazilian Tapir (t) ______ (*) BR af,mt
    Tapirus terrestris
    BR: Anta




    Above: a young Brazilian Tapir
    Below: an adult and a young
    These photos were taken at a animal scientific research facility 
    in Paraguay during a FONT tour (mostly in Brazil) in August 2008.
    This tapir is an endangered species in Paraguay.
    (photos by Pamela Sims)     




  333. Mountain Tapir  (t2) ______  (in high montane forest & paramo in Colombia & Ecuador)
    Tapirus pinchaque


    MANATEES - Family Trichechidae  (totally 3 species)

  334. Amazonian Manatee ______ BR
    Trichechus inunguis


Other Nature:

  1. Spectacled Caiman ______ (*) BR af,mt 
    Caiman crocodilus yacare
    (including the Jacare Caiman subspecies in the Pantanal)







    Above:  Spectacled Caimans photographed during FONT tours 
    in Mato Gross do Sul, Brazil. 
    Below is a Caiman in Brazil vertically in the water..   
       




  2. (Green) Iguana ______ (*) BR mt
    Iguana iguana

  3. Golden (or Black) Tegu ______ (*) BR mt,mn
    Tupinambus teguixin

  4. Puna Lizard ______ CH fn
    Liolaemus ornatus

  5. Thin Lizard ______ (*) CH ce
    Liolaemus tenuis
    CH: Lagartija Esbelta

  6. Common Anaconda ______ (*) BR mt
    Eunectes murinus

  7. Striped Sharpnose Snake ______ (*) BR mt
    Xenoxybelis argenteus

  8. bright green snake (sp.) ______ (*) BR af
    (swimming across Rio Cristalino)

  9. Marine Toad (also called Giant Toad or Cane Toad) ______ (*) BR mt 
    Bufo marinus

  10. other toads (including Ultramarine) ______ BR

  11. South American Caecilian (also called Ringed Blue Caecilian) ______ (*) BR mn
    ("leg-less lizard")
    Siphonops annulatus

  12. Pink Tarantula ______ (*) CH ce
    Phryxothricus roseus

  13. Helicopter Damselfly ______ (*) BR af
    Mecitogaster ornata 

  14. Leaf-cutter Ant ______ (*) BR af
    Atta sp.

  15. Burchell's Army Ant ______ (*) BR af
    Eciton burchelli

  16. "Fire-ants" (their disturbance attracting many birds) ______ (*) BR mt

  17. other ants en masse (with Fire-eyes & Tufted Antshrikes about) ______ (*) BR se

  18. Neotropical Colonial Spider ______ (*) BR br
    Anelosimus eximus  
    (seen one day late in the afternoon near Brasilia)


    To Top of Page


    Butterflies in a separate listing:

    Link:  Butterflies of South America